Nitwegyera ki aha Byahangirwe?

“Buuza enyamaishwa, niziija kukwegyesa, n’enyonyi z’omu mwanya niziija kukugambira, nari ogambire ensi, neija kukwegyesa, kandi eby’omu nyanja nabyo nibiija kukumanyisa.”​—YOBU 12:7, 8.

OMU myaka egi abanyasaayansi baikiriize kwegyera aha bimera n’enyamaishwa. Nibeetegyereza ebihangirwe n’oku bikozirwe, reero bateeraho kutooreza oku bikozirwe kukoramu ebyoma n’okuboneza omuringo ogu ebyoma ebyo birikukoramu. Waaba nooshwijuma eby’okureeberaho ebi, yebuuze ekibuuzo eki: ‘Buzima n’oha oshemereire kuhimbisibwa ahabw’oku ebintu ebyo bitebeekanisiibwe?’

Okwegyera aha Bukono bw’Enyanja Kihango

Abarikukora enyonyi nibabaasa kwegyera ki aha ky’enyanja ekya humpback whale? Nibabaasa kwega bingi. Eky’enyanja kya Humpback ekikuzire nikireemera kiro emitwaro eshatu kwingana n’ekimotoka ky’omusheenyi, kandi omubiri gwayo guriho obukono oburi nk’amapapa agarikukihwera kugyendera omu maizi. Eky’enyanja eki eky’oburaingwa bwa fuuti 40, kiine obwira kyaba kiri omu maizi. Nk’eky’okureeberaho, kyaba nikisherura eby’okurya, nikiza ahansi omu maizi kigajuyanga kwihayo obw’enyanja obukye. Eki nikireetera obw’enyanja obu kwerundaana aha mutwe gw’amaizi. Reero ahonaaho nikyashama kitandika kuburya.

Abacondooza bakaba nibenda kwetegyereza oku omubiri gw’eky’enyanja eki gurikwehinya kubaasa kwetoororera omu kaanya kakye. Beetegyereize ngu obukono bwakyo nibwo burikukihwera. Obukono bwakyo tiburikuterera nk’amapapa g’enyonyi, kwonka bwine emyanya aha muheru gwago.

Eky’enyanja ekyo nikigyenda kirikwehetaheta omu maizi, ekirikukihwera kugyenda n’obwira. Mu muringo ki? Orupapura rw’amakuru Natural History rukagira ngu amaizi nigaraba omu mwanya y’obukono obwo, n’obu kirikuba nikituuhuuka ahansi omu maizi. Ku ogire ngu obukono obwo butereire, eky’enyanja kikaabaire kitarikubaasa kutuuhuuka omu maizi ahonaaho.

Okucondooza oku nikubaasa kuhwera omu kukora ki? Baakora amapapa g’enyonyi barikutooreza obukono bw’eky’enyanja eki, nikiba kitarikwetengyesa kutaho maingi nari kugira ekindi eki baayongyeraho. Amapapa aga nigaba goorobi kureeberera kandi gari ag’oburinzi. Makanika omuhangu orikwetwa John Long aine amatsiko ngu omu bwire butari bwa hare, “nitwija kureeba enyonyi zoona ziine amapapa agari nk’obukono bw’eky’enyanja.”

Okutooreza Amapapa g’Ekinyonyi Ekirikwetwa Seagull

Abantu batwire nibatooreza amapapa g’ebinyonyi kukora amapapa g’enyonyi. Kwonka, abahangu boongyeire kutooreza amapapa g’ebinyonyi. “Abacondooza kuruga aha Yunivasite ya Florida, bakozire endegye erikukoresa rimooti erikubaasa kwehindura nka seagull,” nikwo New Scientist arikugira.

Ekinyonyi eki nikibaasa kwehindahindura omu mwanya ahabw’okukuba amapapa gakyo ahansi y’enkokora n’amabega. Akanyonyi kakye akarikwinga inki 24 aku baakozire karimu akooma akarikubaasa kuhindahindura amapapa” gaako, nikwo magaziini erikugira. Oku amapapa aga gakozirwe nikubaasisa akanyonyi kakye eka kuraba omu byombeko biraingwa. Ekitongore ky’enyonyi eky’amahe omuri U.S. kiriyo nikiteeraho kukora enyonyi y’okukoresa kusherura ebirwaniso by’obutwa omu ndembo.

Okutooreza Obugyere bw’Ekihangare

Enyamaishwa ezirikugyendera ahansi nibazeegyeraho bingi. Nk’eky’okureeberaho, akahangare kakye nikibaasa kuteeba ebisiika n’aha daari. Nangwa n’obu Baibuli yaabaire neehandiikwa, ekinya nari ekihangare kikaba nikimanywa ahabw’okukwatira aha bisiika. (Enfumu 30:28) Niki ekirikubaasisa ekihangare kuhamira aha bintu ebirikuterera?

Obwoya bukye oburi aha tugyere tw’ekihangare nitwo turikukibaasisa kukwatira aha bintu birikuterera nk’ebirahuri. Otugyere obwo tiburikukwatira nka gaamu. Kureka ekihangare kiine otwoya tukye oturikukibaaisa kukwatira aha bintu. Otwoya otu nitubaasisa ekihangare kukwatira ahari buri kintu. Abantu tibarikubaasa kutemba ebisiika nk’ekihangare ahabw’okugira ngu tibaine ebiganja byabo tibiine okubaasa oku. Kwonka, obwoya bw’ekihangare nibujanjamuka kukibaasisa kukwatira aha kisiika. Amaani aga nigabaasa kuhangirira omubiri gw’ekihangare kyaba kikwatiire aha kisiika.

Okucondooza oku nikubaasa kuhwera omuri ki? Abantu babaasize kukora ebintu barikutooreza otugyere tw’ekihangare. Orupapura The Economist rukagira ngu abacondooza beetegyereize ngu ebintu ebikozirwe “barikutooreza otugyere tw’ekihangare” nibibaasa kukora gye omu “by’obujanjabi kukwatanisa ebintu.”

N’oha Oshemereire Kuhimbisibwa?

Hati, ekitongore kya National Aeronautics and Space Administration kiriyo nikikora rooboti y’amaguru maingi erikugyenda nka sikuropiyo, kandi abahangu kuruga Finland baaherize kukora turakita y’amaguru mukaaga erikubaasa kutemba buri kintu nk’ebimunyu. Abacondooza abandi bakozire omwenda barikutooreza oku obwoya oburi aha bigyere by’ekihangare burikwekinga kandi bukaigura. Ekitongore ekirikukora emotoka kiriyo nikikora emotoka erikushushana nk’eky’enyanja. Kandi abacondooza abandi bariyo nibakora ekijwaro kitarikuremera kandi ekirikwimukyeera barikwetegyereza oku ekikogoso ky’ekinyantinda ekikozirwe.

Abacondooza baingi babaasize kwegyera aha bihangirwe kandi baakora ebintu bingi. Eki nikibaasisa abanyasaayansi “kushoboorora oburemeezi barikwegyera aha bintu ebihangirwe” nikwo ekitabo The Economist kirikugira. Entebeekanisa egi neemanywa nka okuhangahanga. Omuntu nari ekitongore nikyo kirikuhangahanga ekintu kirikureetaho omuringo musya nari ekyoma. Ekitabo The Economist nikigira kiti: “Okubaasa kw’abacondooza kuhangahanga ebintu, n’obuhame ngu ebihangirwe nibyo birikubahwera kuhangaho ebintu bisya.”

Ebihangirwe ebikozirwe omu muringo gw’omutaano bikabaho bita? Abacondooza baingi nibabaasa kugira ngu ebintu ebyo bikaguma nibihindahinduka bwanyima y’emyaka myingi. Kwonka, abacondooza abandi, nibateekateeka okundi. Omuhangu Michael Behe akahandiika omu rupapura rw’amakuru The New York Times omu 2005 ati: “Obuhame bw’amaani obu turikureeba omu bihangirwe, nibutwegyesa eishomo ryorobi ngu ekintu kyaba nikireebeka butunu, nituba tutarikwenda buhame obundi.” Mbwenu shi akahendera ata? “Titushemereire kwehuzya omuringo ogu ebintu bikozirwemu ahabw’okugira ngu nibireebwa butunu.”

Buzima, omuhangu orikukora amapapa g’enyonyi naaba aine kusiimwa. Nikyo kimwe, orikubanza kukora omwenda murungi, nari emotoka erikukoresa gye amajuta makye, nari ekindi kyona naaba ahikire kusiimwa. Nangwa, orikutooreza ekintu eki ondiijo yaaherize kukora, kwonka akanga kusiima owaabandize kukikora, naateebwaho orubanja orw’obucupuri.

Mbwenu shi kihikire abacondooza abarikutooreza ebihangirwe kukora ebintu eby’omugasho, reero bakiheza bakagira ngu ebyamuhwereire bikabaho bubaho? Ku kiraabe nikyetengyesa obwengye kutooreza ekintu ekyakozirwe, kandi shi owaakozire eky’okubanza? Buzima, n’oha oshemereire kukirayo kuhimbisibwa, owaakikozire eky’okubanza nari omwegi orikutooreza ebyaherize kukorwa?

Okuhendera kw’Obwengye

Bwanyima y’okushwijuma obuhame bw’ebihangirwe, abantu baingi nibaikirizana n’ebigambo by’omuhandiiki wa zaaburi ebi: “Ai [Yehova], emirimo yaawe ka n’ey’emiringo mingi! Ebyo byona okabikoresa obwengye. N’ensi eijwire ebihangirwe byawe.” (Zaaburi 104:24) Paulo nawe akaikirizana n’ebigambo ebyo. Akahandiika ati: “Ebya Ruhanga ebitareebwa eby’obushoboorozi bwe obutahwaho, n’obwa ruhanga bwe, bikareebekyera kimwe, nibimanyirwa aha bi yaahangire.”—Abarooma 1:19, 20.

Kwonka, abantu abacureezi abarikwikiriza omuri Ruhanga kandi abarikuha Baibuli ekitiinisa nibagira ngu naabaasa kuba yaahangire arikwiha ebintu omu bindi. Kwonka shi yo Baibuli neeyegyesa ki?

 [Ebigambo ebitoorainwe aha rupapura 5]

Kikabaho kita kushanga ngu ebihangirwe bikozirwe omu muringo gurikutangaaza?

 [Ebigambo ebitoorainwe aha rupapura 6]

N’oha owaataireho ebiine amagara ebirikureebwa?

 [Akabokusi/​Ekishushani ekiri aha rupapura 7]

Ku kiraabe nikyetengyesa obwengye kutooreza ekintu ekyakozirwe, kandi shi owaakozire eky’okubanza?

Enyonyi egi eine amapapa nk’ag’ekinyonyi ekirikwetwa seagull

Otugyere tw’ekihangare titurikurofahara, kutsiga oburofa aha kintu, nari kukwatira aha kintu kyona kureka obwoya oburi aha tugyere twakyo, kandi nikirahuka kurekura ahu kikwatsire. Abacondooza nibateeraho kutooreza ekihangare

Oku eky’enyanja eki kikozirwe kukahwera abantu kukora emotoka

[Credit Lines]

Airplane: Kristen Bartlett/​University of Florida; gecko foot: Breck P. Kent; box fish and car: Mercedes-Benz USA

 [Akabokusi/​Ekishushani ekiri aha rupapura 8]

OKUGYENDA AHABW’OBWENGYE BW’OBUHANGWA

Enyamaishwa nyingi ziine “obwengye bwingi” obwazihangiirwemu oburikuzibaasisa kubaho omu nsi. (Enfumu 30:24, 25) Yetegyereze eby’okureeberaho bibiri.

◼ Okutatomerana kw’Ebimunyu: Niki ekirikuhwera ebimunyu kugaruka ahu birikuraara? Abacondooza kuruga United Kingdom beetegyereize ngu oyihireho okugira ngu ebimunyu nibitsiga akahooho omu muhanda, ebimwe nibikuutiriza omuhanda ogurikubihwera kugaruka ahu byaruga. Nk’eky’okureeberaho, ebimunyu “nibikora omuhanda kuruga omu mwanya gwabyo,” nikwo orupapura New Scientist rurikugira. Entebeekanisa egi n’ey’omutaano mu muringo ki? Byaba nibigaruka omu nibihika aha ntagurukano y’omuhanda gwabyo reero bitoora omuhanda ogurikubihisya omuka. “Enkora y’emihanda egyo, neehwera ebimunyu kugyenda gye, na munonga byaba nibikoresa emihanda etarikushushana kandi tibirikubaasa kuhaba kutoora omu muhanda ogugwire.”

◼ Kampasi y’Ebinyonyi: Ebinyonyi bingi nibigyenda engyendo ndaingwa omu mbeera zoona ez’obwire kandi birikumanya gye ahu birikuza. Bita shi? Abacondooza beetegyereize ngu ebinyonyi nibibaasa kumanya ngu hariho amaani agarikwetoora ensi. Kwonka, “amaani ago nigataana kurugiirira aha mwanya ogu orikuba orimu kandi tigarikworekyeza bukiizi-bwa bumosho obutoosha,” nikwo ekitabo Science kirikugira. Niki ekirikuhwera ebinyonyi kutahaba? N’ahabw’okugira ngu buri izooba omu mwabazyo ebinyonyi ebi nibabaasa kumanya ahu bishemereire kutoora birikuhwerwa kampasi eyaabihangiirwemu. Obu eizooba ririkuhinduka n’embeera y’obwire, abacondooza nibateebereza ngu ebinyonyi ebi nibibaasa kumanya empinduka ezi ahabw’okuhwerwa “eshaaha eyaabihangiirwemu erikubihwera kumanya obwire,” nikwo Science erikugira.

N’oha owaahangire ebimunyu birikubaasa kupima? N’oha owaahangire ebinyonyi birikubaasa kumanya ahu birikutoora, okubara obwire, n’obwongo bw’okumanya gye obutumwa obwo? Mbwenu shi kikabaho bubaho? Nari bikakorwa Omuhangi w’obwengye?

[Credit Line]

© E.J.H. Robinson 2004