Ke Eng se se Phoso ka go Betšha?

“Batho ba Australia ba ka nna 290 000 ba lemaletse go betšha mme ba dira gore ngwaga le ngwaga re latlhegelwe ke madi a a fetang didolara di le dibilione tse 3 [diranta di le dimilione di le dikete tse 35]. Seno ga se bakele batho bano ba ba lemaletseng go betšha mathata ba le bosi, mme se bakela le batho ba ba fopholediwang go dimilione di le 1,5 mathata, ba ba amiwang ka tlhamalalo ke batho bano ka ntlha ya go felelwa ke madi, go tlhala, go ipolaya le go senya nako ya tiro.”—J. Howard, tonakgolo ya Australia ka 1999.

JOHN, yo o umakilweng mo setlhogong se se fetileng, o ne a lemalela go betšha. * O ne a fudugela kwa Australia, mme a fitlha a nyalana le Linda, yo le ene a neng a rata go betšha. Bothata jwa ga John bo ne jwa etegela. A re: “Ke ne ka tlogela go tlhola ke reka dithekete tsa lothari mme jaanong ka simolola go betšha dipitse le go betšha kwa dikhasinong. Kgabagare ke ne ke betšha mo e batlang e le letsatsi lengwe le lengwe. Ka dinako tse dingwe ke ne ke dirisa madi otlhe a ke a amogelang go betšha mme ke sala ke se na sepe go duela dikoloto kana go tlamela lelapa. Tota le fa go ne go direga gore ke gape madi a mantsi, ke ne ke nnela go betšha ka one. Ke ne ke lemaletse go batla go gapa madi.”

Ga se John fela yo o nang le bothata jono. Go bonala batho ba le bantsi ba tshwaeditswe ke bolwetse jono jwa go betšha. Makasine wa USA Today o ne wa bolela gore gareng ga 1976 le 1997 go ile ga nna le koketsego e e gakgamatsang ya diperesente di le 3 200 mo mading a a neng a dirisiwa mo mekgweng e e letleletsweng semolao ya go betšha kwa United States.

Lokwalodikgang lwa Canada lwa The Globe and Mail lo bolela jaana: “Go betšha go kile ga bo go tsewa e le selo se se sa siamang. Mme gompieno go tsewa e le boitapoloso fela jo bo sa reng sepe.” Fa lokwalodikgang lono lo tlhalosa lebaka le le dirileng gore batho ba fetoge maikutlo jalo, lwa re: “Selo se se dirileng gore batho ba fetoge maikutlo ke go amiwa ka tlhamalalo ke letsholo la puso la go bapatsa le le jang madi a mantsi le le legolo go gaisa otlhe a a kileng a nna gone mo Canada.” Maiteko ao a go rotloetsa batho go betšha a ile a ba ama jang?

Leroborobo la go Lemalela go Betšha

Go ya ka se se boletsweng ke Lephata la Dithuto Kaga go Tshwakgoga la Setheo sa Kalafi sa Harvard, ka 1996 go ne go na le “bagolo ba Amerika ba le dimilione tse 7,5 ba ba neng ba lemaletse go betšha le ba ba neng ba laolwa ke go betšha” le palo e nngwe gape ya “dimilione tse 7,9 tsa basha ba Amerika ba ba lemaletseng go betšha le ba ba laolwang ke go betšha.” Dipalopalo tseno di ne tsa akarediwa mo pegong e e neng ya dirwa ke National Gambling Impact Study Commission (NGISC), e e neng ya newa Kongerese ya United States. Pego eo e ne ya bolela gore palo ya batho ba ba lemaletseng go betšha kwa Amerika e ka tswa e le kgolo thata go feta e e begilweng.

Go fopholediwa gore ngwaga le ngwaga mathata a batho ba ba lemaletseng go betšha a jela naga ya United States didolara di le dimilione di le diketekete ka ntlha ya go felelwa ga bone ke ditiro, go lwala, go duelwa madi a botlhokatiro le ditshenyegelo tsa dithulaganyo tsa go ba thusa go tlogela  bothata jono. Le fa go ntse jalo, dipalo tseno ga di senole sepe ka pogo e kgolo e batho bano ba ba lemaletseng go betšha ba e bakelang ba malapa a bone, ditsala le badirikabone ka ntlha ya go utswa, go ipolaya, tirisodikgoka le go sotla bana. Patlisiso nngwe ya Australia e ne ya fitlhela gore motho mongwe le monwe yo o lemaletseng go betšha a ka tswa a ama batho ba ka nna lesome ka tlhamalalo. Pego ya National Research Council ya United States e bolela gore mo e batlang e le “diperesente di le 50 tsa balekane ba batho ba ba laolwang ke go betšha le diperesente di le 10 tsa bana ba bone di a itewa.”

Bolwetse jo bo Tshelanwang

Fela jaaka go ntse ka malwetse mangwe, go bonala batho ba ba lemaletseng go betšha ba tshwaetsa bana ba bone. Pego ya NGISC e bolela jaana: “Go ka direga thata gore bana ba batho ba ba laolwang ke go betšha ba dire ditiro tsa boganana tse di jaaka go goga, go nwa le go dirisa diokobatsi e bile go ka direga thata gore le bone ka bobone ba lemalele go betšha kana go ba laole.” Gape pego eno e tlhagisa gore “go ka direga thata gore basha ba dingwaga tsa bolesome ba ba betšhang ba lemalele go betšha kana go ba laole go feta bagolo.”

Dr. Howard J. Shaffer, yo e leng mookamedi wa Lephata la Dithuto Kaga go Tshwakgoga la Setheo  sa Kalafi sa Harvard, a re: “Go na le bosupi jo bontsi jo bo tlhagang jo bo bontshang gore palo e e oketsegang ya basha e lemalela go betšha ka selekanyo se bobotlana se batlang se lekana le ditshono tse di gone tsa go betšha go go letleletsweng semolao.” O bolela jaana fa a bua ka tsela e batho ba ba laolwang ke go betšha ba ka nnang ba dirisa Internet ka yone: “Fela jaaka khokheine ya crack e ile ya fetola tsela e go gogwang khokheine ka yone, ke akanya gore dikhomputara le tsone di ile go fetola tsela e go betšhiwang ka yone.”

Gantsi kgwebo ya go betšha e dirwa gore e lebege e le boitlosobodutu fela jo bo seng kotsi. Mme mo basheng, go betšha go ka tshwakgola fela jaaka diokobatsi e bile go ka dira gore ba dire ditiro tsa bokebekwa. Patlisiso nngwe e e dirilweng kwa United Kingdom e ne ya fitlhela gore mo basheng ba ba betšhang, “diperesente di le 46 tsa bone di ne di utswetsa ba malapa a bone” gore ba kgone go bona madi a go betšha.

Le fa go na le dintlha tseno, mokgatlho mongwe wa go betšha o buelela go betšha ka go re: “Bontsi jwa Baamerika ba ba itumelelang go betšha ga ba tlhagelwe ke mathata ape.” Tota le fa o ikutlwa gore go betšha ga go go bakele mathata ape a tsa madi kana a botsogo, mme gone go ama bomoya jwa gago jang? A go na le mabaka a a utlwalang a go bo o tshwanetse go tila go betšha? Setlhogo se se latelang se tla sekaseka dipotso tseno.

[Ntlha e e kwa tlase]

 [Lebokoso/Ditshwantsho mo go tsebe 4, 5]

A ke Na le Bothata Jwa go Betšha?

Go ya ka American Psychiatric Association, matshwao a a mo go tsebe ya 5 a ka go thusa go lemoga gore a o laolwa ke go betšha. Bontsi jwa dipego di bontsha gore fa o na le mangwe a matshwao ano, o na le bothata jwa go lemalela go betšha, mme fa o na le lengwe la matshwao ano, go ka direga gore o simolola go lemalela go betšha.

 Go tshwarega thata O nna o ntse o tshwaregile ka go betšha—o akanya ka go betšha ga gago go go fetileng, o rulaganyetsa go betšha gape kana o akanya ka fa o ka bonang madi a go betšha ka teng.

Go ikgotsofatsa O nna o ntse o betšha ka madi a a mantsi go leka go ikgotsofatsa.

Go tlogela O palelwa ke go fokotsa kana go tlogela go betšha.

Go tila O dirisa go betšha e le tsela ya go tila mathata kana go fenya maikutlo a go tlhoka thuso, go ikutlwa o le molato kana go tshwenyega thata mo maikutlong.

Go lelekisa Gantsi o boela gape letsatsi le lengwe go ya go betšha e le go leka go boelwa ke madi a a go latlhegetseng. Mokgwa ono o bidiwa go lelekisa se se go latlhegetseng.

Go bua maaka O aketsa ba lelapa la gago, kana batho ba bangwe o loba selekanyo se o betšhang ka sone.

Go palelwa O dirile maiteko a go tlogela go betšha, go go laola kana go go fokotsa mme o paletswe.

Go tlola molao O dirile ditiro tsa tlolomolao, tse di jaaka tsietso kana go utswa gore o nne le madi a go betšha.

Go tlhokomologa dilo tsa botlhokwa O latlhegelwa ke dilo tsa botlhokwa tse di jaaka tshono ya thuto kana ya tiro ka ntlha ya go betšha.

Go ikgolola O ikaegile ka batho ba bangwe go go thusa ka madi gore o ikgolole mo bothateng jwa madi jo o nang le jone ka ntlha ya go betšha.

[Motswedi wa Setshwantsho]

Go tswa go: National Opinion Research Center ya University of Chicago, Gemini Research, le The Lewin Group

[Lebokoso/Setshwantsho mo go tsebe 7]

Melaetsa ya Dipapatso Tsa Lothari

Babatlisisi ba Duke University kwa United States ba tlhalosa jaana mo pegong e ba neng ba e naya National Gambling Impact Study Commission: “Go bapatsa dilothari . . . go ka tsewa go ruta batho mekgwa e e molemo, go ruta batho gore go betšha ke selo se se molemo.” Tota papatso ya go betšha e ama batho jang? Pego eno e bolela jaana: “Ga re feteletse dilo fa re re melaetsa ya dipapatso tsa lothari e a tsietsa—e ruta batho gore katlego e ikaegile ka go tlhopha nomore e e batlegang. ‘Thuto’ eno e e kgopo e e rotloediwang ke dikgwebo tsa dilothari e ka nna ya bo e na le matswela a a sa itumediseng a go fokotsa lotseno lwa puso ka go kgoreletsa ikonomi go gola. Go buelela lothari go ka feleletsa go dirile gore badiri ba se ka ba dira ka natla, segolobogolo fa go dira gore batho ba nne le tshekamelo ya go se rate go bereka, go se ipolokele madi le go se leke go tokafatsa maemo a bone a thuto. Boammaaruri ke gore go batla go nna le madi ka kgakgamatso go ka se thuse batho go nna le katlego e re tleng re rute bana ba rona ka yone.”

[Lebokoso/Setshwantsho mo go tsebe 8]

Ntlo Nngwe le Nngwe ke Khasino

Gone jaanong dikgwebo tsa go betšha di fetola ntlo nngwe le nngwe e e nang le khomputara e e gokaganeng le Internet go nna khasino ka go dira mafelo a go betšha mo Internet a di a dirang ka madi a mannye thata go feta a di a dirisang fa di aga dikago tsa go betšha. Mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo1990, go ne go na le mafelo a go betšha a ka nna 25 mo Internet. Ka 2001 go ne go na le mafelo a a fetang 1 200 mo Internet, mme madi a a dirwang ke dikgwebo tsa go betšha ka Internet a oketsega go menagane gabedi ngwaga le ngwaga. Ka 1997, mafelo a go betšha mo Internet a dirile didolara di le dimilione tse 300. Ka 1998 a ne a dira didolara tse dingwe gape di le dimilione tse 650. Ka 2000, mafelo a go betšha mo Internet a ne a dira didolara di le dimilione di le dikete tse 2,2 mme go ya ka pego ya dikgang ya Reuters ka 2003 “go lebeletswe gore madi ao a fitlhe go didolara di le dimilione di le dikete tse 6,4.”

[Setshwantsho mo go tsebe 6]

Mathata a go betšha go a bakelang batho a akaretsa go tlogela malapa a se na madi le dijo

[Setshwantsho mo go tsebe 7]

Palo ya basha ba ba betšhang e oketsega ka selekanyo se se tshosang

[Setshwantsho mo go tsebe 8]

Bana ba batsadi ba ba laolwang ke go betšha go ka direga thata gore le bone ba lemalele go betšha