Kodi Mankhwala Ochokera ku Zitsamba Angakuthandizeni?

KUYAMBIRA kale anthu akhala akugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba pofuna kuchiza matenda. M’buku lina lolembedwa pa manja lofotokoza za mankhwalaŵa lotchedwa Ebers Papyrus, lomwe linalembedwa ku Igupto cha m’ma 1500, analembamo mitundu yambirimbiri ya mankhwala a zitsamba ochiza matenda osiyanasiyana. Koma kaŵirikaŵiri anthu ankangouzana ndi pakamwa mankhwala a zitsamba kuchokera mbadwo wina kufikira mbadwo winanso.

Zimaoneka kuti nkhani ya mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba kwa azungu inayamba sing’anga wa Chigiriki, dzina lake Dioscorides, atalemba buku lokhudza mankhwalaŵa lotchedwa De Materia Medica. Iye anakhalapo m’zaka 100 zoyambirira za nyengo yathu ino. Kwa zaka 1,600 chilembereni bukuli, linadzakhala lothandiza kwambiri pa zamankhwala kuposa buku lina lililonse. M’madera ambiri padziko lonse, mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba akutchukiratchukira. Ku Germany, boma limatha ngakhale kulipirira anthu chithandizo cha mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba chimene apatsidwa.

Ngakhale kuti nthaŵi zina anthu ena amati mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba ali bwino kuposa mankhwala amakono achizungu, mankhwalaŵa alinso m’poipira pake. Ndiye n’chifukwa chake pali mafunso aŵa: Kodi munthu akafuna mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba n’chiyani chimene ayenera kusamala nacho ndipo ayenera kuchita zotani? Ndiponso kodi pali zovuta zina zimene zingachititse kuti mankhwala a mtundu wina akhale abwinopo? *

Mmene Mankhwala Ochokera ku Zitsamba Angathandizire

Anthu akhala akutama mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba kuti amachiza matenda kwambiri. Mankhwala ena akuti amathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo. Enanso akuti amathandiza kugaya zakudya, kukhazikitsa mtima pansi ukamathamanga, kumasula m’mimba ngati munthu wadzimbidwa, kapena kuchititsa kuti timadzi tam’thupi tiziyenda bwino.

M’thupi, zitsamba zina zimagwira ntchito ngati chakudya ndiponso ngati mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, zomera  zina zimene zimathandiza munthu kukodza pafupipafupi, monga parsley, zilinso ndi zinthu zina zofunika m’thupi zimene amazitcha kuti potassium. Potassium yemwe ali m’zomerazi amaloŵa m’malo mwa amene watayika pokodza. Nachonso chomera china chotchedwa valerian, chomwe chakhala nthaŵi yaitali akuchigwiritsira ntchito monga mankhwala othandiza munthu kuti afatse kapena kuti agone, chili ndi calcium wambiri yemwe ndi wofunikanso m’thupi. Zinthu zimenezi zimathandiza kuti mphamvu ya mankhwala ija igwire bwino ntchito yake m’thupi lonse mpaka kuubongo.

Mmene Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Mankhwala Ochokera ku Zitsamba

Pali njira zambiri zimene anthu amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba, monga powapanga tiyi, powaŵiritsa m’madzi, powaviika m’moŵa, komanso amatha kungowaika pa nsalu n’kupanga bandeji. Akamawamwa ngati tiyi, amatenga madzi oŵira kale n’kuwatsanulira m’mankhwalawo. Koma akatswiri amachenjeza kuti si bwino kwenikweni kuti mankhwala owagwiritsira ntchito ngati tiyi muchite kuwaŵiritsa m’madzi. Mankhwala ochita kuŵiritsa omwe amachokera ku zinthu monga mizu ndi makungwa, amawaŵiritsa m’madzi pofuna kuti atulutse mphamvu yake.

Nanga bwanji za aja oviika m’moŵa? Buku lina linati mankhwalaŵa ‘amawaika m’moŵa wa m’gulu la kachasu wosasungunula kapena wosungunula n’kutengako madzi okhawo.’ Ndiye pali aja a pabandeji, omwe amatha kuwapanga m’njira zosiyanasiyana. Kaŵirikaŵiri mankhwalaŵa amawamanga pathupi pamene sipali bwino kapena pamene pakupweteka kwambiri.

Mosiyana ndi mankhwala a mavitameni ndiponso mankhwala ena, mankhwala ambiri ochokera ku zitsamba amawaika m’gulu la zakudya ndipo nthaŵi zambiri anthu amangowamwa popanda kudya kalikonse. Nthaŵi zina amawapanga makapisozi, ndipo otereŵa amakhala osavuta kwenikweni kumwa ndi kumeza. Ngati mutafuna mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba, ndi bwino kumva kaye malangizo ake musanawagwiritsire ntchito.

Anthu ambiri amati mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba amathandiza munthu ngati ali ndi chimfine, wadzimbidwa, ali ndi kamatira, vuto losagona, ndiponso ngati amangomva nseru. Komabe, nthaŵi zina mankhwalaŵa amagwiranso ntchito pa matenda aakulu, osati pochiritsa pokha komanso potetezera matendawo. Mwachitsanzo, ku Germany ndi ku Austria, chitsamba china chotchedwa saw palmetto amachigwiritsira ntchito ngati mankhwala oyambirira opatsa munthu amene ali ndi chotupa cha m’chikhodzodzo. M’mayiko ena matendaŵa amatha kugwira theka la amuna onse kapena kuposa. Koma ndi bwino kuti dokotala aone chimene chayambitsa kutupako pofuna kutsimikiza ngati vutolo silofunika mankhwala ena amphamvu kwambiri, ngati mmene amachitira matenda a kansa.

Zofunika Kusamala Nazo

Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri angaone mankhwala enaake ochokera ku zitsamba kuti ndi abwino, kusamala n’kofunikabe. Musanyengeke chabe chifukwa choti mankhwala enaake awalemba kuti ndi a “chilengedwe.” Buku lina lonena za mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba limati: “Chodetsa nkhaŵa pa nkhaniyi n’chakuti mankhwala ena a zitsamba amakhala oopsa kwabasi. [N’zomvetsa chisoni kuti] anthu ena saganizirapo n’komwe za kuopsa kapena ubwino wa mankhwala alionse a zitsamba.” Mphamvu ya mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba imatha kusinthitsa mmene mtima umagundira, mmene magazi amayendera, ndiponso mmene shuga wa m’magazi amakhalira. Ndiye anthu amene ali ndi mavuto a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena matenda a shuga ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndi mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba.

Komabe kaŵirikaŵiri mavuto obwera chifukwa cha mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba amakhala ofanana ndi mavuto amene amabwera ngati munthu sayanjana ndi zinazake. Mwachitsanzo, kumva mutu, chizungulire, nseru, kapena kuchita zidzolo. Akuti mankhwalaŵa “pogwira ntchito yake m’thupi amatha kulefula munthu” pomuchititsa chimfine kapena zizindikiro zina. Munthu amene wamwa mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba amaoneka ngati wadwalika kwabasi asanafike popeza bwino. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimenezi akuti zimachitika chifukwa chakuti thupi limakhala likuchotsa zoipa munthuyo akangoyamba kumene kumwa mankhwalawo.

Zimene zimamvekamveka zoti ena amwalira chifukwa cha mankhwala ena a zitsamba zikusonyezeratu kuti kusamala kwambiri ndiponso kutsatira malangizo othandiza n’kofunika. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ochokera ku chitsamba chotchedwa ephedra, omwe anthu ambiri amawagwiritsira ntchito kuti aphwe thupi, amathanso kuyambitsa matenda a kuthamanga kwa magazi. Anthu oposa 100 amene anawalengeza kuti amwalira ku United States amawaganizira kuti anamwalira chifukwa cha mankhwala ameneŵa a ephedra, ngakhale kuti katswiri wofufuza za matenda osiyanasiyana wa ku San Francisco, dzina lake Steven Karch ananena kuti: “Anthu okhawo amene ndikudziŵapo ine kuti anafa [atamwa mankhwala a ephedra] ndi amene anali ndi vuto lalikulu la mitsempha yawo ya mtima kapena kuti anamwa mankhwalawo mopitirira muyeso.”

Dr. Logan Chamberlain, yemwe analemba buku lina lonena za mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba, anati: “Pafupifupi lipoti lililonse m’zaka zaposachedwapa lonena za kuopsa kwa mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba lakhala likulembedwa chifukwa anthu sanatsatire malangizo a mankhwalawo. . . . Kamwedwe ka mankhwala odziŵika bwino kamakhala kosavulaza ndiponso kosamala. Musanyozere zimenezo n’kutsata zina, pokhapokha mutalangizidwa bwino ndi munthu wodziŵa bwino mankhwala ochokera ku zitsambawo.”

 Linda Page, yemwe amadziŵa bwino mankhwalaŵa analangiza kuti: “Ngakhale mutadwala kwambiri, osachulutsa mankhwala ayi. Mungapezeko bwino mukadzipatsa nthaŵi ndiponso chithandizo chabwino. Munthu sachira kamodzi n’kamodzi.”

Buku lina lonena za mankhwalaŵa limafotokoza kuti alipo mankhwala ena amene amachepetsa okha mphamvu yake munthu akamwa ochuluka. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala enaake amene amaletsa kuphwanya kwa thupi amachititsa munthu kusanza ngati anawamwa opitirira muyezo. Komabe, zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kunyalanyaza mfundo yakuti tizitsatira muyezo wabwino, ndipotu si mankhwala onse a zitsamba amene amachita zoterozo.

Koma, anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti, kuti mankhwala otere agwire bwino ntchito yake, ayenera kumwa okwanira ndiponso m’njira yake yoyenerera. Nthaŵi zina njira yokhayo yochitira zimenezo ndi yochita kutcheza mankhwalawo basi. Mmenemu ndi mmene amachitira ndi mankhwala ochokera ku chitsamba chotchedwa ginkgo biloba, omwe akhala nthaŵi yaitali akuwagwiritsira ntchito yothandiza anthu kuti azitha kukumbukira zinthu bwinobwino ndiponso kuthandiza kuti magazi aziyenda bwino m’thupi. Chifukwatu pamafunika masamba ambirimbiri kuti mankhwalawo akhale okwanira kuthandiza munthu.

Kusakaniza Kungakhale kwa Ngozi

Mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba akasakanikirana ndi mankhwala a kuchipatala angathe kusokonezana m’thupimu m’njira zambirimbiri. Mwachitsanzo, akhoza kukulitsa kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwala a kuchipatalawo, akhoza kuwapangitsa kuti athe msanga m’thupi kusiyana ndi mmene anayenera kukhalira, kapena akhoza kuchititsa munthu kuti adwale nawo kwambiri. Mankhwala ochokera ku chitsamba chotchedwa St.  John’s wort, omwe nthaŵi zambiri amalembera munthu ku Germany akakhala ndi vuto laling’ono la maganizo, amachititsa kuti mankhwala ambiri a kuchipatala asukuluke m’thupi moŵirikiza kaŵiri, motero mankhwala a kuchipatalawo amachepa mphamvu. Ndiye ngati mukumwa mankhwala ena a kuchipatala, ngakhalenso mapilitsi olera, funsani kaye a dokotala musanayambe kumwa mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba.

Buku lina lonena za kuchiza kwa mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba limati: “Moŵa, chamba, kokeni, mankhwala enanso ozunguza bongo ndiponso fodya zikhoza kuyambitsa mavuto oopsa kwambiri zikasakanizidwa ndi mankhwala ena a zitsamba. . . . Munthu woganiza bwino angachite bwino kupeŵa [mankhwala ozunguza bongo otero], makamaka akamadwala.” Ndiponso azimayi oyembekezera ndi azimayi amene akuyamwitsa ayenera kuganizira mozama kwambiri malangizo amenewo. Inde, pankhani ya fodya ndiponso mankhwala ozunguza bongo, Akristu amakhala otetezeka potsatira lamulo la m’Baibulo lakuti ‘aleke chodetsa chonse cha thupi ndi cha mzimu.’—2 Akorinto 7:1.

Pankhani yokhudza mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba, buku lina lili ndi chenjezo ili: “Mukamamwa mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba n’kuona kuti mwatenga pathupi, uzani a dokotala ndipo siyani mankhwalawo mpaka mutakambirana nawo za nkhaniyo. Yesani kukumbukira kuchuluka kwa mankhwala amene munamwa ndiponso nthaŵi imene mwakhala mukuwagwiritsira ntchito.”

“Kudzipatsa nokha mankhwala [ochokera ku zitsamba] n’koopsa m’njira zosiyanasiyana,” limatero buku lina lonena za mankhwalaŵa. M’kabokosi kakuti, “Kuopsa Kodzipatsa Nokha Mankhwala,” muonamo zina zimene zingakhale zoopsa ndi mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba.

Monganso mmene mankhwala ena alionse alili, mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba si oyenera kuwagwiritsira ntchito mwachisawawa, ndi ofunika kuwadziŵa bwino, inde, ndiponso kusamala nawo, ndipotu osaiwala kuti pakali pano matenda ena alibe mankhwala. Akristu oona amayembekezera mwachidwi nthaŵi imene Ufumu wa Mulungu wabwino kwambiri udzakhale ukulamulira ndipo udzachotseratu kupanda ungwiro komwe tinatengera kwa makolo athu oyambirira chifukwa ndiko kumabweretsa matenda ndi imfa.—Aroma 5:12; Chivumbulutso 21:3, 4.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 30]

Kuopsa Kodzipatsa Nokha Mankhwala

Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba popanda kuuzidwa ndi munthu wowadziŵa bwino kuli ndi zoopsa zotsatirazi.

N’kutheka kuti simungadziŵe kuti makamaka mukudwala chiyani.

Njira imene mungatsatire podzipatsa nokha mankhwala ingakhale yosagwirizana ndi matenda amene mukudwala, ngakhale mutachita kuwadziŵa matenda ake.

Kudzipatsa nokha mankhwala kungachedwetse kupeza chithandizo chofunika kwenikweni ndiponso choyenerera.

Mankhwala odzipatsa nokha angasokoneze mphamvu ya mankhwala amene a dokotala akulemberani, monga ngati mankhwala amene angakupatseni ngati zinazake sizinakuyanjeni, kapena a kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Mankhwala odzipatsa nokha angachiritse matenda aang’ono koma n’kuputa matenda ena, monga matenda a kuthamanga kwa magazi.

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Gwero lake: Buku lotchedwa Rodale’s Illustrated Encyclopedia of Herbs