Chingalawa cha Nowa Chinapangidwa Mwaluso

NDAKHALA ndikugwira ntchito yopanga ndi kukonza sitima zapamadzi kwa zaka zoposa 40. Ntchito yanga imaphatikizapo kujambula mapulani a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sitima zapamadzi pamodzi ndi mainjini ake. Mu 1963, ndikukhala m’dera lotchedwa British Columbia ku Canada, mayi wina wa Mboni za Yehova anandiuza kuti m’buku la Genesis, Baibulo limati chingalawa cha Nowa chinkaoneka ngati chibokosi chachikulu. Zimenezi zinandichititsa chidwi kwambiri, moti ndinaganiza zofufuza mozama nkhani yonena za chingalawachi.

Nkhani ya mu Genesis imati Mulungu anaganiza zoyeretsa dziko lapansi n’cholinga chothetsa kuipa, ndipo anatero mwa kuwononga dziko ndi madzi. Mulungu anauza Nowa kupanga chingalawa kuti iyeyo pamodzi ndi banja lake apulumukiremo komanso kuti apulumutsiremo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinyama za padziko lapansi panthawi ya Chigumula chachikulu. Mulungu anauza Nowa kupanga chingalawa chotalika mikono 300 m’litali mwake, mikono 50 m’lifupi ndi mikono 30 kupita m’mwamba. (Genesis 6:15) M’kuwerengera kwina, chingalawachi chinali chachikulu mamita 134 m’litali, 22 m’lifupi ndi mamita 13 kupita m’mwamba. * Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti chimatenga malo okwana makyubiki mita 40,000, ndipo chimasuntha madzi ambiri pamene chaima, ofanana ndithu ndi madzi osunthidwa ndi sitima yapamadzi ya Titanic, yomwe inali sitima yapamwamba.

Mmene Chingalawachi Chinapangidwira

Chingalawa cha Nowa chinapangidwa ngati nyumba zosanjikizana zitatu, n’chifukwa chake chinali cholimba kwambiri ndipo chinali ndi malo ambiri okwana pafupifupi masikweya mita 8,900. Madzi sankalowa m’chingalawachi chifukwa chakuti anachipanga ndi mtengo wa njale, ndiponso anachipaka phula kunja ndi m’kati mwake. (Genesis 6:14-16) Sitidziwa kuti Nowa analumikiza bwanji matabwa a mitengo imeneyi. Koma chimene timadziwa n’chakuti Chigumula chisanachitike, Baibulo linali litanenapo za amisiri opanga zipangizo za mkuwa ndi chitsulo. (Genesis 4:22) Ngakhale atakhala kuti sanagwiritse ntchito zipangizo zachitsulo zimenezi, akadathabe kugwiritsa ntchito misomali yamatabwa, yomwe imagwiritsidwabe ntchito mpaka pano popanga sitima zamatabwa.

M’mbali mwa chingalawachi munali khomo, ndipo mkati mwake munali zipinda. Chingalawachi chiyenera kuti chinalinso ndi denga la libanda, lomwe kuchindikala kwake kunali mkono umodzi, ndipo zikuoneka kuti m’munsi mwa dengali munali mazenera olowera mpweya ndiponso kuwala. Komabe, nkhani ya mu Genesis siinena chilichonse pa nkhani yoti kaya chingalawachi chinali ndi thanga, nkhafi kapenanso ngati chinali ndi tsigiro. Onaninso kuti, mawu a Chiheberi otanthauza “chingalawa” amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kunena za kabokosi kamene Mose amayi ake a Mose anasungiramo Moseyo kuti ayandame mu mtsinje wa Nile.—Eksodo 2:3, 10.

Chinkakhazikika Bwino Pamadzi

Mtunda wa m’litali mwa chingalawachi, unali waukulu mowirikiza maulendo 6 poyerekezera ndi mtunda wa m’lifupi mwake ndipo unali wowirikiza maulendo 10 poyerekezera ndi mtunda wochoka pansi pake n’kukafika pamwamba pake. Sitima zapamadzi zambiri zamakono, zimapangidwanso motsatira masamu amenewa, ngakhale kuti masiku ano kusiyana kwa m’litali ndi m’lifupi mwa sitima kumatengeranso mphamvu ya injini ya sitimayo. Kungoti chingalawa cha Nowa anangochipanga kuti chiziyandama, osati kuti chiziyenda ayi. Koma kodi kuyandama kwa chingalawachi kunali kwabwino motani?

Kuti sitima izitha kukhazikika bwino pamadzi, ngakhale kutachita mphepo kapena mafunde bwanji, zimayenderananso ndi mmene anasiyanitsira kutalika kwa m’litali ndi m’lifupi mwa sitimayo. Baibulo limafotokoza kuti madzi  anakhuthuka n’kuchititsa Chigumula ndipo potsirizira pake Mulungu anachititsa mphepo kuwomba. (Genesis 7:11, 12, 17-20; 8:1) Malemba sanena kuti mafunde komanso mphepo imeneyo inali ya mphamvu bwanji, koma n’zosachita kufunsa kuti zinthu zimenezi zinali zamphamvu ndi zosinthasintha kwambiri ngati mmene zilili masiku ano. Mphepo ikawomba kwa nthawi yayitali komanso mwamphamvu, mafunde amakhala aakulu kwambiri komanso otalikiranatalikirana. Ngati kunachitikanso chivomerezi chilichonse, ndiye kuti chinayambitsanso mafunde amphamvu kwambiri.

Masamu a kutalika kwa mbali zosiyanasiyana za chingalawa cha Nowa, ndi amene anachititsa kuti chikhale chokhazikika pamadzi, n’kuchiteteza kuti chisagubuduke. Chinapangidwanso kuti chisamakankhidwekankhidwe ngati chitakumana ndi mphepo kapena mafunde. Ngati chikadamatero, makamaka ngati mafunde atanyamula mbali yake imodzi kenaka n’kuisiya kuti imenyetseke pamadzi, sibwenzi anthu ndi nyama atakhalamo bwinobwino m’chingalawamo. Ndipo kukankhidwakankhidwa kukanachititsa kuti chingalawacho chisweke. Thunthu lake linayeneranso kukhala lolimba kwambiri kuti chisathifuke pakati, ngati mafunde atapikula mbali zonse ziwiri za kumapeto kwa chingalawacho panthawi imodzi. Komanso, ngati mafunde aakulu kwambiri akanachinyamula mwamphamvu cha pakatikati pake, chingalawachi chikanatha kuthifuka. Mulungu anauza Nowa kuti kukula kwa chingalawachi, m’mbali yake yopita m’mwamba, kukhale gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a m’litali mwake. M’kupita kwa nthawi, anthu opanga sitima zapamadzi anadzaphunzira, koma mochedwa, kuti masamu amenewa n’ngofunika kwambiri kuti sitima isasweke ikakumana ndi mafunde kapena mphepo.

Chinali Chodalirika ndi Chotakasuka

Popeza kuti chingalawachi anachipanga ngati bokosi, mphamvu yothandizira kuti chisamire inali yofanana m’mbali zake zonse kuyambira kutsogolo mpaka kumbuyo kwake. Mbali zake zonse ziyeneranso kuti zinkalemera mofanana. N’zachidziwikire kuti Nowa anaonetsetsa kuti katundu, kuphatikizapo zinyama komanso chakudya chimene anatenga kuti adye kwa chaka chonse, sanangoziunjika malo amodzi koma anaziyala bwinobwino m’malo onse a m’chingalawamo. Sitima ikamalemera mofanana m’mbali zake zonse, kumakhala kovuta kuti isweke. Choncho, pali zinthu ziwiri zimene zinachititsa kuti chingalawachi chikhale cholimba n’kupulumutsa anthu panthawi ya Chigumula cha padziko lonse. Chinthu choyamba n’chakuti mapulani omangira chingalawachi anachokera kwa Mulungu ndipo chachiwiri n’chakuti Yehova ndiye ankachiteteza ndi kuchisamalira. N’zosachita kukayikira kuti Mulungu ndiye anachititsa kuti chingalawachi chikatere pamalo oyenerera ndi otetezeka bwino.

Kufufuza nkhani imeneyi mozama, kwandithandiza kumvetsa kuti zimene Baibulo limanena zokhudza chingalawa cha Nowa n’zoona ndipo n’zogwirizana kwambiri ndi njira zamakono zopangira sitima zapamadzi. N’zoona kuti pali zambiri zokhudza chingalawa cha Nowa ndi Chigumula zimene sizinafotokozedwe m’nkhani ya mu Genesis. Ndikuyembekezera kuti tsiku lina, anthu akufa akadzaukitsidwa, ndidzakumane ndi Nowa padziko lapansi pompano, pali anthu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zinyama zomwe zakhalapo ndi moyo chifukwa chakuti Nowayo anagwira ntchito yaikulu ndiponso yaitali, yomanga chingalawa. (Machitidwe 24:15; Aheberi 11:7) Ndidzayamba n’kumuthokoza pamodzi ndi banja lake chifukwa chochita bwino ntchitoyi. Kenako, ndidzayambapo kum’funsa mafunso.—Nkhaniyi tachita kutumiziridwa ndi munthu wina.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

 [Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 22]

MUNGATHE KUKONZA CHINGALAWA CHOYEREKEZERA

Mungathe kukonza nokha chingalawa cha Nowa choyerekezera potsanzira chitsanzo chotsatirachi. (Mungapange chingalawa chokulirapo pokulitsa moyenerera mbali zonse za chitsanzochi.) Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pepala wamba n’kulipaka phula ngati wakandulo kapena chekeni kuti lisalowe madzi. Kenako lipindeni n’kulimata ndi silotepi kapena guluwu m’makona mwake. Ndiyeno pansi pake ikanipo zinthu zina zilizonse zolemera, mwachitsanzo ndalama zachitsulo, n’kuziyala bwinobwino pansi pake pozimata ndi silotepi mpaka theka lonse lachingalawachi lilowe m’madzi.

Kuti muone ngati chingalawacho chingakhazikike bwino pamadzi, ikani madzi m’beseni kapena m’chidebe n’kuika chingalawacho pakatikati pa beseni kapena chidebecho. Ndiyeno yesererani kupanga mafunde potenga chibotolo cha pulasitiki kapena chipepala china chilichonse chotha kukhuta mpweya, n’kuchilowetsa m’madzimo cha m’litali mwa besenilo, kenaka yambani kuchifinya pang’onopang’ono komanso mobwerezabwereza.

[Chithunzi]

(Onani m’magazini yeniyeni kuti mumvetse izi)

PINDIRANI M’KATI PINDIRANI M’KATI

 

PINDIRANI M’KATI PINDIRANI M’KATI

[Chithunzi]

Kutalika kwa mbali zosiyanasiyana za chingalawa kumafanana ndi kwa sitima zambiri zoyenda m’nyanja.

[Zithunzi pamasamba 20, 21]

(Onani m’magazini yeniyeni kuti mumvetse izi)

Kutsogolo

M’mphepete

Kumwamba

Kutsogolo

M’mphepete

Kumwamba

[Zithunzi]

Chingalawa cha Nowa chinkasuntha madzi ambiri pamene chaima, ofanana ndithu ndi madzi osunthidwa ndi sitima yapamadzi ya Titanic

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Titanic plan: Courtesy Dr. Robert Hahn/www.titanic-plan.com; photo: Courtesy of The Mariners’ Museum, Newport News, VA