Empisa z’Abantu Lwe Zaatandika Okwonooneka Ennyo

DDI empisa z’abantu lwe zaatandika okwonooneka ennyo? Mu kiseera kyo oba mu kiseera ky’abo abakusinga obukulu? Abamu bagamba nti empisa zaatandika okwonooneka ennyo mu mwaka gwa 1914, Ssematalo eyasooka we yatandikira. Mu kitabo kye ekiyitibwa The Generation of 1914, munnabyafaayo omu ayitibwa Robert Wohl yagamba nti: “Abo abaaliwo mu kiseera ky’olutalo baakiraba nti ensi yali ekyuse nnyo, era nti yali tegenda kuddamu kuba nga bwe yali edda.”

Munnabyafaayo omulala ayitibwa Norman Cantor yagamba nti: “Empisa z’abantu buli wamu zaayonooneka. Mu kiseera kya Ssematalo eyasooka, abantu bangi nnyo battibwa ne kiba nti obulamu bwali butwalibwa ng’obutalina mugaso. Bannabyabufuzi n’abaduumizi b’amagye baasindika abantu mu lutalo, era tebaafaayo nti bangi ku bo battibwa. N’ekyavaamu, abantu baalekera awo buli omu okufaayo ku munne era baatandika n’okuyisa bannaabwe obubi ennyo.”

Munnabyafaayo ayitibwa H. G. Wells yagamba nti: “Endowooza ekwata ku kituufu n’ekikyamu yakyuka nnyo abantu bwe baatandika okukkiriza nti ebintu tebyatondebwa, wabula nti byajja bifuukafuuka. Baatandika okukkiriza nti abantu nabo nsolo naye nga bo basingira wala ebika by’ensolo endala amagezi. Abantu abamu baageraageranyanga abantu ku mbwa ez’omu nsiko, era ne bagamba nti tewaliiwo buzibu bwonna buli mu kuyisa bantu bannaffe mu ngeri ey’obukambwe.”

Mazima ddala nga munnabyafaayo ayitibwa Cantor ayogeddwako waggulu bwe yagamba, Ssematalo eyasooka “yakyusiza ddala endowooza abantu gye baalina ku kituufu n’ekikyamu. Abantu baali tebakyassa kitiibwa mu ebyo abantu ababasinga obukulu bye baali babagamba ku by’obufuzi, ku nnyambala, ne ku bikolwa eby’okwegatta.” Ekintu ekirala ekyaleetera ekyo okuba kityo kwe kuba nti amakanisa gaatandika okukkiriza endowooza egamba nti ebintu tebyatondebwa wabula nti byajja bifuukafuuka, era gaatandika n’okukubiriza abantu okugenda mu ntalo. Munnamagye omu Omungereza ayitibwa Frank Crozier yagamba nti: “Amakanisa gaalaga nti tewali kikyamu kyonna kiri mu kulwana ntalo, era gaakubiriza abantu okugenda balwane. Okuba nti amakanisa gaali gawagira olutalo, kyasanyusa nnyo abasirikale.”

Abantu Basambajja Emitindo gy’Empisa

Oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo eyasooka, abantu baatandika okwettanira ennyo eby’amasanyu. Baasambajja emitindo gy’empisa egikwata ku kituufu n’ekikyamu era baali bakitwala nti omuntu yali wa ddembe okukola kyonna ky’ayagala. Munnabyafaayo ayitibwa Frederick Lewis Allen yayita emyaka ekkumi egyaddako oluvannyuma lw’olutalo, “emyaka gy’okweyisa obubi.” Era yagattako nti: “Abantu bangi baasambajja emitindo gy’empisa egy’edda egyali gikwata ku kituufu n’ekikyamu, era kati kyali kizibu okumanya emitindo gy’empisa omuntu gy’alina okugoberera.”

Eby’enfuna okusereba ennyo oluvannyuma lwa 1930, kyaviirako abantu bangi okwavuwala ennyo. Mu mwaka gwa 1939, ensi yatandika okulwana olutalo olulala olwali olubi ennyo, n’okusinga Ssematalo eyasooka, era ng’olutalo olwo ye yali Ssematalo ow’okubiri. Ensi zaatandika okukola eby’okulwanyisa nnamuzisa era nga wadde ekyo kyayambako mu by’enfuna, kyayongera okubonaabona kungi nnyo mu nsi. Ssematalo ow’okubiri we yaggweera, ebibuga bingi byali bifuuse matongo, era nga bibiri ku bibuga ebyo byasaanyizibwawo bbomu z’amaanyi ga nukiriya. Abantu bukadde na bukadde baafiira mu nkambi z’abasibe olw’okuyisibwa obubi ennyo. Okutwalira awamu, olutalo olwo lwafiiramu abantu ng’obukadde ataano; omwali abasajja, abakazi, n’abaana.

Mu kiseera kya Ssematalo ow’okubiri, abantu baali beeyisa nga bwe baagala, era baali tebakyakkiririza mu ebyo ebyali bitwalibwa nti bye bituufu mu biseera eby’emabega. Ekitabo ekiyitibwa Love, Sex and War—Changing Values, 1939-45, kigamba nti: “Mu kiseera ekyo, abantu baali tebakyakkiriza kintu kyonna kubakugira ku bikwata ku by’okwegatta. Okuva bwe kiri nti abantu bwe baali mu ddwaniro baali beeyisa nga bwe baagala nga tewali abakuba ku mukono, ne bwe badda mu maka gaabwe, baagenda mu maaso n’okweyisa nga bwe baagala. . . . Olutalo lwaleetera abantu okutandika okulowooza nti obulamu bumpi nnyo era nti tebulina makulu. Era olutalo bwe lwaggwa, abantu baatandika okutwala obufumbo n’amaka mu ngeri y’emu; baali babitwala nti bya kiseera buseera.”

Olw’okuba abantu baali basobola okuttibwa ekiseera kyonna, baali bawulira nti beetaaga okulagibwa okwagala, ne bwe bandikulagiddwa okumala akaseera katono. Omukyala omu Omungereza yayogera bw’ati ku mbeera eyo: “Olw’okuba olutalo lwali lugenda mu maaso, tetuyinza kugamba nti twali bagwenyufu.” Omusirikale omu Omumerika yagamba nti, “Abantu bangi bayinza okukitwala nti twali bagwenyufu, naye ekituufu kiri nti twali bato, era nga tusobola okufa ekiseera kyonna.”

Abantu bangi, nga mw’otwalidde n’abo abaali bakyali abato mu kiseera ky’olutalo, bakyayisibwa bubi n’okutuusa leero buli lwe bajjukira ebyo ebyaliwo. Abantu bangi baalekera awo okukkiririza mu Katonda, era baali tebakyasobola kwawulawo kituufu na kikyamu. Baatandika okukitwala nti ekintu okutwalibwa nti kituufu oba nti kikyamu, kisinziira ku mbeera ebaawo.

Emitindo gy’Empisa Emirala

Oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo ow’okubiri, waliwo lipoota ezaafulumizibwa ezaali zikwata ku by’okwegatta. Emu ku lipoota ezo yafulumizibwa mu myaka gya 1940, mu Amerika, era yali ya miko 800. Lipoota eyo bwe yali tennaba kufuluma, abantu baali tebatera kwogera ku bya kwegatta. Naye bwe yamala okufuluma, abantu baatandika okubyogerako kyere. Wadde nga bingi ku ebyo ebyafulumira mu lipoota eyo byalimu okusavuwaza, lipoota eyo yalaga nti endowooza abantu gye baalina ku by’okwegatta yakyuka mu lutalo.

Okumala ekiseera, abantu baali beefuula ng’abaali bassa ekitiibwa mu mitindo gy’empisa egikwata ku kituufu n’ekikyamu. Ng’ekyokulabirako, ab’obuyinza baagezaako okuwera ebintu eby’obugwenyufu ku leediyo, mu firimu, ne ku ttivi, naye ekyo tekyaliwo kumala bbanga ggwanvu. William Bennett, eyali akulira eby’enjigiriza mu Amerika yagamba nti: “Emyaka gya 1960 we gyatuukira, endowooza Abamerika gye baalina ku kituufu n’ekikyamu yatandika okukyuka mu bwangu.” Era bwe kityo bwe kyali ne mu nsi endala nnyingi. Lwaki ekyo kyaliwo mu myaka gya 1960?

Mu myaka egyo ekkumi, abakazi beeyongera okufuna eddembe erisingawo era endowooza abantu gye baalina ku by’okwegatta yakyuka. Ate era olw’okuba kati waaliwo empeke ezigema omuntu okuzaala, kati omuntu yali asobola okwegatta n’atafuna lubuto. N’olwekyo, kyafuuka kya bulijjo abantu okwegatta nga si bafumbo.

Mu kiseera kye kimu, empapula z’amawulire, firimu, ne ttivi byatandika okulaga ebintu edda ebyali bitasobola kulagibwa. Oluvannyuma, omukungu omu mu gavumenti y’Amerika yayogera bw’ati ku bintu ebyali biragibwa ku programu eziba ku ttivi: “Progamu ezo zaali ziraga nti eby’amasanyu kye kintu ekisingayo okuba ekikulu, nti ebikolwa eby’obukambwe si bikyamu, era nti omuntu okwegatta n’abantu abangi si kikyamu.”

Mu myaka gya 1970, abantu bangi baatandika okuba nga basobola okulabira vidiyo mu maka gaabwe. Kati abantu bangi baali basobola okulabira ebintu eby’obugwenyufu mu maka gaabwe, bye baali batasobola kugenda kulabira mu bifo gye balagira firimu. Ate mu kiseera kino bw’oba ng’olina essimu oba kompyuta, osobola okulaba ebifaananyi eby’obuseegu ebisingayo okuba ebibi, k’obe ng’obeera wa.

Ebivudde mu ekyo tubiraba. Ng’ekyokulabirako, omukuumi omu ow’ekkomera mu Amerika yagamba nti, “Emyaka kkumi emabega, omuvubuka bwe yatwalibwanga mu kkomera baabanga basobola okumubuulira ku bikwata ku kituufu n’ekikyamu. Naye ennaku zino abavubuka tebategeera njawulo eriwo wakati w’ekituufu n’ekikyamu.”

Wa We Tuyinza Okuggya Obulagirizi Obulungi?

Amakanisa tegasobola kuyamba bantu kumanya ekituufu n’ekikyamu. Mu kifo ky’okugoberera ebyo Yesu n’abayigirizwa be bye baayigiriza, amakanisa ago nago kitundu kya nsi eno embi. Omuwandiisi omu yagamba nti: “Mu ntalo zonna ezirwanibwa, abalwanyi ku njuyi zombi bagamba nti Katonda abayamba?” Emyaka mitono emabega, omukulu w’eddiini omu mu Kibuga New York yagamba nti: ‘Ebisaanyizo ebyetaagisa okwegatta ku ddiini ezimu, bitono okusinga ebyo ebyetaagisa okuyingira mu bbaasi.’

Kyeyoleka lwatu nti waliwo ekyetaaga okukolebwa okukyusa embeera mu nsi. Kiki ekyetaagisa okusobola okuleetawo enkyukakyuka? Ani asobola okuleetawo enkyukakyuka eyo, era ekyo kinaabaawo kitya?

[Ebigambo ebisimbuddwa mu kitundu]

“Olw’okuba abantu bangi nnyo battibwa mu Ssematalo eyasooka, ekyo kyakyusa endowooza abantu gye baalina ku bulamu”

[Ekifaananyi]

Kati kyangu nnyo okulaba eby’okwesanyusaamu eby’obugwenyufu