Mwajakulupuchile Baibulo

Yili yakutesya chidwi kuti Baibulo jikusimanikwa mpaka lelojino, ligongo jikulupwiche mu yejinji. Baibulo jalembedwe yaka yakupunda 1,900 yipiteyo. Maloŵe ga Baibulo galembedwe pa yindu yakonasika mwangasawusya. Mwachisyasyo galembedwe pa yipepala nambosoni pa mapende ga yinyama. Sonitu Baibulo jalembedwe m’chiŵecheto chakusaŵecheta ŵandu ŵamnono masiku agano. Nambosoni ŵakulamulila ni achimlongola ŵa dini, ŵalinjile kujijonanga Baibulo ni chakulinga chakuti jikasimanikwasoni.

Hana yakomboleche uli kuti Baibulo jikulupuche ni kuŵa buku jakumanyika mnope kwa ŵandu masiku agano? Kwende tulole yindu yiŵili yiyakamuchisye.

Kukopela Maloŵe ga m’Baibulo Kwakamuchisye

Aisalaeli ŵasungaga mwakusamala mipukutu jandanda jisyesyene soni ŵajikopelaga. Yehofa ŵasalile achiŵenye ŵa ku Isalaeli kuti ‘alembeje m’buku jakwe malamusi ga Mlungu gakutyochela m’buku ja malamusi ga Mlungu jili m’myala mwa jwakutaga mbopesi jwa Chilefi.’—Detulonomo 17:18.

Aisalaeli ŵajinji ŵanonyelaga kuŵalanga Malemba. Jemanjaji ŵagawonaga kuti gali Maloŵe ga Mlungu. Ni ligongo lyakwe ŵakopelaga Malembaga mwakusamala mnope. Mlembela jwine jwakogopa Mlungu lina lyakwe Esala, akusamanyikwa kuti jwaliji “jwakumanyilila chenene kukopela chilamusi cha Mose, chele Yehofa Mlungu jwa Aisalaeli ŵachipeleche.” (Esala 7:6 NWT) Amasoleti ŵaŵakopele Malemba ga Chigiliki kapena kuti “Chilangano Chakala” cha m’ma 500 soni 900 C.E panyuma pakuti akopele ŵaŵalangaga kuti gapali maloŵe galingwa ni chakulinga chakuti akasokonasya. Yaŵatendagayi yakamuchisye kuti Baibulo jiŵe jakulondola soni kuti jikulupuche. Atamose kuti amagongo ŵasakaga kujijonanga.

Mwachisyasyo mu 168 B.C.E, mwenye jwa ku Siliya Amtiyokasi jwa nambala 4 jwalinjile konanga Mabaibulo gosope ga Malemba ga Chihebeli gagasimanikwaga ku Palesitina. Yakulemba yine yakala ya Yuda yasasile kuti, “Mpukutu uliwose wawupatile ŵawupapulaga ni kuwuchoma moto.” Buku jinesoni jatite, “Ŵandu ŵaŵalamwile kuti akamuleje masengoga ŵatendagangasa kwabasi. Pampatile mundu ni Baibulo ŵamwulagaga.” Atamose kuti yaliji myoyo nambo Baibulo jasimanikwagape pasikati pa Ayuda ŵa ku Palesitina soni ŵaŵaliji kumadela gane.

Paŵagambile kumalisya kulemba yikalata, yakulochesya soni yakutendekwa yakala yayikusasimanikwa m’Malemba ga Chigiliki Gachiklistu kapena kuti Chilangano Chasambano yawandile kwabasi. Mwachisyasyo, Yohane jwalembile Ngani Syambone ali ku Efeso kapena chiŵandika kweleko. Ŵalijiganye ŵane akusati ngani siŵalembile Yohanesi ŵandu ŵane ŵakopele panyuma pa yaka 50 jwalakwe chilembele. Nambo yaŵakopeleyi yasimanikwe ku Iguputo kwakuli kwakutalika makilomita mahandiledi gejinji kutyochela ku Efeso. Yeleyi yikulosya kuti Aklistu ŵaŵaliji kwakutalika ŵakwete ngani syambone syakusalilidwasi.

Kugaŵila kwa Baibulo kwakamuchisye kuti jikulupuche panyuma pa yaka yejinji Yesu ali ajawile kwinani. Mwachisyasyo pa 23 Febuluwale kundaŵi mu 303 C.E, mwenye jwine jwa ku Loma Diocletian jwalolelaga asilikali ŵakwe ali mkusumala Mabaibulo ni kugachomaga moto. Mwenyeju jwaganisyaga kuti mpaka amasye Chiklistu naga akonanga Mabaibulo. Lisiku lyakuyichisya jwalamwile kuti ma Baibulo gosope gagakusimanikwa ku Loma agachome moto. Nambope ma Baibulo gane gakulupwiche mwamti ŵagakopelagasoni. Kusala yisyene mbali siŵili sya Baibulo sya Chilangano Chasambano syaŵakopele ŵandu panyuma pa yindu yangasa yaŵatendaga mwenye jwa ku Loma jula sikusimanikwa mpaka lelo. Mbali jine jili ku Loma, soni mbali jinejo jikusasimanikwa m’nyumba jakusunjila mabuku jajili ku London mu msinda wa England.

Atamose kuti nganitukola Baibulo ja jalembedwe kandanda kasyesyene, nambope mbali sya Baibulo chaŵakopele ŵandu pa yala syakulupwiche soni sikusimanikwa mpaka lelo. Mbali sine sili syakala mnope. Ana paŵakopelaga Baibulo ni kuti utenga ŵakwe wachenjile? Pakwamba ya Malemba Gachihebeli jwamlijiganye jwine lina lyakwe W.  H. Green jwatite, “Payindu yakala yakutenda kopela pangali chichakopeledwe mwakulondola mpela Malemba gelega.” Pakwamba ya Malemba Gachigiliki Gachiklistu, mundu jwine jwamlijiganye ya ma Baibulo gakala lina lyakwe Sir Frederic Kenyon jwatite, “Ndaŵi jijajigele chilembele Baibulo kwikana pa ndaŵi jiŵajikopelaga jili jamnono kwabasi. Myoyo yiliyose ya yatutendekasyaga kuganisya kuti yaŵakopeleyi yili yakulekangana ni yayaliji m’Baibulo pandanda yimasile. Myoyo mpaka tujile kuti chilangano chasambano chosope chili chakulondola soni chakudalilichika.” Jwalakwe jwatitesoni, “ Nganituŵa tusasile mwakusimichisya kuti Baibulo nganijichenga amta panandi.  . Yeleyi ni yampa yitendekwe ni buku jilijose ja jalembedwe kalakala.”

Kugopolela Baibulo Kwakamuchisye

Chindu chaŵili chekulungwa mnope chachitendekasisye kuti Baibulo jiŵe jakumanyika mnope kwa ŵandu chili chakuti jikusasimanikwa m’yiŵecheto yejinji. Yeleyi yikusakamulana ni chakulinga cha Mlungu. Jwalakwe akusasaka kuti ŵandu ŵamitundu josope soni ŵayiŵecheto yosope ammanyilile soni kuti amlanbileje mwakulongoleledwa ni “machili ga Msimu” soni “mwakuwona.”—Yohane 4:23, 24; Mika 4:2.

Baibulo jandanda kujigopolela kutyoka ku Malemba Gachihebeli kwawusya ku Malemba Gachigiliki jili ja Septuagint. Baibuloji ŵajigopolele kuti jakamuchisye Ayuda ŵaŵaŵechetaga Chigiliki, ŵaŵatamaga kusa kwa msinda wa Palesitina. Soni ŵamalisisye kujigopolela pali pasigele yaka 200 kuti Yesu ayiche pa chilambo chapasi. Baibulo josope kupwatika Malemba Gacigiliki Gaciklistu ŵajigopolele m’yiŵecheto yejinji pali pamasile yaka ya mahandiledi gamnono chili lembele. Nambo kaneko achiŵenye soni achimlongola ŵadini, m’malo mwakuti atende yakomboleka kuti ŵandu ŵawo akole Mabaibulo jemanjaji ŵatesile yakulekangana ni yeleyi. Ŵalekasyaga kuti Baibulo jikagopoleledwa m’yiŵecheto yajinji. Chakulinga chawo chaliji chakuti ŵandu akamanyilila yisyesyene wakwamba Mlungu.

Atamose kuti achimlongola ŵadini soni ŵaboma ŵatenda yeleyi, nambope ŵandu ŵane ŵakulimba mtima ŵajigopolele Baibulo, atamose kuti yeleyi yaŵikaga umi wawo pa ngosi. Mwachisyasyo mu 1530, Englishman William Tyndale, juŵalijiganyisye ku Oxford, jwagopolele mabuku gandanda ga Malemba Gachihebeli. Baibulo jiŵajigopoleleji jikusakolanjika kuti Pemtamtuke. Atamose kuti papali ŵakusisya nambo jwalakwe jaliji jwandanda kugopolela Baibulo kutyosya m’Chihebeli kwawusya m’Chisungu. Jwalakwe jwalijisoni jwandanda kukamulichisya masengo lina lyakuti Yehofa mu Baibulo ja Chisungu jaŵagopolele. Jwalijiganye jwine ya Baibulo, juŵagopolele Baibulo kwawusya mu Chisipanishi, jwasigele panandi kulajidwa ni ŵandu ŵa Chikatolika ŵaŵalagasyaga achimjawo. Jwalakwe kuti malisye kugopolela Baibuloji jwatemi ku England, Germany, France, Holland ni Switzerland. *

Masiku aganosoni Baibulo jikugopoleledwa m’yiŵecheto yejinji kwabasi. Nambosoni akukoposya ma Baibulo mamiliyoni gejinji. Kukulupuka kwa Baibulo kutendekasisye kuti ŵandu ŵajinji ajimanyilile. Soni yilosisye kuti maloŵe gaŵaŵechete Paulo gali gasyene. Jwakwe jwatite, “Manyasi gakusajumula, soni maluŵa gakusanyala, nambo maloŵe ga Ambuje ngasigamala mpaka kalakala.”— 1 Petulo 1:24, 25.

[Maloŵe ga Mwiwanda]

[Libokosi/​Chiwulili pa peji 14]

ANA NGUSOSEKWA KUŴALANGA BAIBULO JAPI?

M’yiŵecheto yejinji mwana Mabaibulo gaŵagagopolele mwakulekanganalekangana. Mabaibulo gane mwana maloŵe gachikala soni gakusawusya kugapikana. Nambo gane, ŵagopolelaŵa nganakuya mnope Malemba gakala ligongo lyakuti ŵasakaga kugopolela yindu yangasawusya kuyipikana. Yeleyi yatendekasisye kuti akalemba yisyesyene yakwe. Nambo gane ŵagopolele mnope mwakuya chisungu.

Baibulo ja Dziko Latsopano ja [New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures], jakuwandisya ŵa Mboni sya Yehofa jagopoleledwe kutyochela ku yiŵecheto yandanda ya m’Baibulo. Mwamti ŵandu ŵaŵagopolele Baibuloji nganasaka kusala mena gawo. Yiŵecheto yine chiŵandika 60 yiŵele yili mkugopolela Baibuloji mu yiŵecheto yawo pakamulichisya masengo Baibulo ja Chingelesiji. Nambo ŵagopolelaŵa akusalandanya mnope ma Baibulo gawo ni Malemba ga m’yiŵecheto yandanda pakusaka kulola naga yikulandana. Ŵaŵagopolele Baibulo ja Dziko Latsopano, ŵalinjilile kukuya mnope Malemba ga m’yiŵecheto yandanda pagopolela. Jemanjaji akusalingalinga kujigopolela kuti jipikanicheje chenene mpela mujapikanichilaga Baibulo jandanda.

Ŵakulola ya kagopolele ka ma Baibulo ŵawungunyisye ma Baibulo gakulekanganalekanga kupwatikapo ja Dziko Latsopano kuti alole naga ŵagagopelele mwakamulana ni yakulemba yakala. Jumo mwa ŵanduŵa ali Pulofesa Jason David BeDuhn, jwakusajiganya ya dini pa Unifesite ja Arizona ja ku United States. Mu 2003, jwalakwe jwakopwesye buku ja mapeji 200 jakusala ya Mabaibulo 9 gagali “gakuwanda mnope m’yilambo yayikusaŵecheta Chingelesi.” * Jwalakwe jwawungunyisye Malemba gane gagaliji gakusawusya kugagopolela, ni chakulinga chakulola naga ŵagopolela, “nganagagopolela mwakamulana ni yakusakulupilila.” Pamalemba gosope gaŵawungunyisye, jwalakwe ŵawanichisyaga Baibulo ja Chigiliki ni Mabaibulo ga Chingelesi, pakusaka kulola naga ŵagopolelawo nganalinga kuchenga ngopolelo kuti jikamulane ni yakusakulupilila. Ana jwapatile yamtuli?

BeDuhn jwaŵechete kuti, ŵandu ŵane soni ŵamlijiganye mnope ya Baibulo ŵaganisyaga kuti Baibulo ja Dziko Latsopano ja Chingelesi, jikusalekangana ni Mabaibulo gane ligongo lyakuti ŵagopolelaŵa, ŵagopolele mwakamulana ni yaŵakulupililaga. Nambo jwalakwe jwapatile kuti, “Kulekangana kwekulungwa kwakupali ni Mabaibulo gane kuli kwakuti, ŵaŵagopolele Baibulo ja Dziko Latsopano ja Chingelesi ŵagopolele mwakuya mnope yakulemba yandanda, mwamti jili jakulondola.” Atamose kuti mu Baibuloji mwana yindu yine yele ngakusakamulana nayo, nambo jwalakwe jwasasile kuti Baibulo ja Dziko Latsopano ja Chingelesi, jili jakulondola mnope pakulandanya ni Mabaibulo gane.” Jwasasile kuti Baibuloji “jagopoleledwe chenene.”

Benjamini Kedar jwa ku Yisalaeli, jwelesoni ŵalijiganyisye mnope ya chiŵecheto cha Chihebeli, jwasasile yakulandanayi. Mu 1989 jwasasile kuti, “Masengo gagakamulidwe pagopolela Baibuloji yikusalosya kuti ŵagopolelawo ŵalinjilile kupikanichisya soni kugopolela mwamwakamulana ni yakulemba yakala. . . . Mu Baibuloji nganimbatamo yindu yaŵachenjile ni chakulinga chakuti yikamulane ni yikulupi yawo.”

Aliwusye kuti, Ana ngusaka kuŵalanga Baibulo ligongo chichi? Ana ngusaka kuŵalanga Baibulo jangasawusya kupikana nambo jili jangalondola? Ana kapena ngusaka kuŵalanga Baibulo jajagopoleledwe mwakuya yakulemba yakala? (2 Petulo 1:20, 21) Mpaka asagule Baibulo jampaka aŵalanje mwakamulana ni chakulinga chakwete.

[Maloŵe ga Mwiwanda]

[Chiwulili]

Baibulo ja “Dziko Latsopano” ja Chingelesi jikusimanikwa mu yiŵecheto yejinji

[Chiwulili pa peji 12, 13]

Mipukutu ja Amasoleti

[Chiwulili pa peji 13]

Maloŵe ga pa Luka 12:7“. . . Mkajogopaga. Jemanja mli ŵa mtengo wapenani kupunda yijuni ya timba yejinji”

[Picture Credit Lines on page 13]

Foreground page: National Library of Russia, St. Petersburg; second and third: Bibelmuseum, Münster; background: © The Trustees of the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin