Ibbaibbele Ndibbuku Lyabusinsimi Busyomeka, Cibeela 1
Ibbaibbele Ndibbuku Lyabusinsimi Busyomeka, Cibeela 1
“Njoocita Kuti Ube Musyobo Mupati”
Muzibalo eezyi zili lusele zyamu Sinsimuka!, tuyoolanga-langa cibeela cimwi camu Bbaibbele. Cibeela eeci, mbusinsimi. Zibalo eezyi ziyoomugwasya kwiingula mibuzyo eeyi yakuti: Sena businsimi bwamu Bbaibbele makani buyo aabantu basongo? Sena tweelede kusyoma kuti bwakasololelwa amuuya wa Leza? Twamutamba kuti mulange-lange bumboni buliko.
KUZUMBAUZYA kuli boobu kulidumide kapati mumazuba eesu, nkakaambo kaako bantu bamwi ncobatalisyomi Bbaibbele. Cuusisya ncakuti, banji tabanalilingula cakusitikila Bbaibbele. Basyoma buyo nzyobabaambila bantu bamwi. Tusyoma kuti nywebo tabusyi mbomulimvwa oobu. Aboobo, atulange-lange makani aakaindi alo aatiitugwasye kuzyiba kuti Bbaibbele ndyamasimpe.
Tulasaanguna kulanga-langa mwaalumi uulemekwa kapati a Banakristo, bama Juda, alimwi aba Mozilemu. Wakali mu Hebrayo alimwi wakapona kuzwa mumwaka wa 2018 kusikila mumwaka wa 1843 B.C.E. * Izyina lyakwe ngu Abrahamu. *
Abrahamu nguwakali kwaambwa mubusinsimi bumwi bwakumatalikilo bulembedwe mu Bbaibbele, ibusinsimi butujatikizya andiswe mazuba aano. (Amubone kabbokesi kajisi mutwe wakuti “‘Zisi Zyoonse’ Ziyoojana Coolwe.”) Kweelana abbuku lyamu Bbaibbele lya Matalikilo, businsimi oobu bubikkilizya twaambo ootu tutobela: (1) Bana ba Abrahamu bakali kuyooba musyobo mupati. (2) Nibakali kuyootalika kuba musyobo mupati, bakeelede kuyootolwa mubuzike munyika yabamuzwakule. (3) Bakali kuyakwaangululwa akukona nyika ya Kanana. Lino, atulange lange twaambo ootu cakusitikila.
Businsimi Botatwe Buyandika Kapati
Businsimi bwakusaanguna: “Njoocita kuti [yebo Abrahamu] ube musyobo mupati.”—Matalikilo 12:2.
Kuzuzikizyigwa: Bana ba Abrahamu kwiinda muli Izaka alimwi a Jakobo (zimwi ziindi wiitwa kuti Israyeli) bakaba cisi ca Israyeli, calo cakali kulilela.
Ncaayubununa makani aakaindi:
● Ibbaibbele lilaamba kujatikizya mukowa wa Abrahamu woonse, kubikkilizya abana bakwe kwiinda muli Izaka, Jakobo, alimwi abana ba Jakobo bali 12. Makani aaya alabikkilizya abami banji bakalela mu Israyeli naa Juda. Akati kabami aabo, ibali 17 balaambwa amumabbuku aambi aatali aamu Bbaibbele, alo aaendelana ancolyaamba Bbaibbele kujatikizya bana ba Abrahamu kwiinda muli Izaka alimwi a Jakobo mbabakaba cisi. *
Businsimi bwabili: “Basilunyungu lwako [Abrahamu] bayooba beenzu mucisi cimbi, ooko bayooba bazike, nkabela bayoobapenzya. Nkabela bayooboola okuno mumusela wane.”—Matalikilo 15:13, 16.
Kuzuzikizyigwa: Akaambo kanzala yakaba mucisi ca Kanana, mazyalani one aabana ba Abrahamu akakkala mucisi ca Egepita, kumatalikilo bakali kukkala mbuli beenzu, pele kumamanino bakaba bazike bakapegwa mulimo wakupanga zitina. Kulanga-langa mukwasyi omwe buyo, nkokuti mukwasyi wamuzyukululwa wa Abrahamu wazyina lya Levi, walo wakalongela ku Egepita antoomwe abausyi bacembeede, mazyalani aakwe one ngaaya (1) Levi, (2) Kohati, imwanaakwe, (3) Amramu, muzyukulu wakwe alimwi a (4) Musa, muzyukululwa wakwe. (Kulonga 6:16, 18, 20) Mumwaka wa 1513 B.C.E., Musa wakasololela bana Israyeli kuzwa mu Egepita.—Amubone mulongo wazyintu mbozyakali kucitika uuli aansi aawa alimwi akabbokesi kajisi mutwe wakuti “Kusyomeka Mukubamba Ciindi.”
Ncaayubununa makani aakaindi:
● Ba James K. Hoffmeier, basyaazibwene mumakani aa Cizuminano Cakale alimwi amumakani aazyakaindi, bakaamba kuti bulembo boonse bwabana Egepita alimwi amakani aakaindi atondezya kuti bana Semite (mbuli bana Hebrayo bakaindi) bakazumizyigwa kunjila mu Egepita azivwubwa zyabo ciindi canzala. Pele sena bana Israyeli bakaba bazike mu Egepita, akupegwa mulimo wakupanga zitina?
● Nokuba kuti makani aalembedwe aabana Egepita taambi cacigaminina kujatikizya bana Israyeli, zyintu zizekawidwe azyuumbwe zyabana Egepita alimwi amabbuku aabo atondezya kuti bana Egepita bakabelesya bamuzwakule kupanga zitina. Kweelana ancolyaamba Bbaibbele, mabbuku aabana Egepita atondezya kuti basikubabelesya bakayobola zilembedwe zitondezya mbozyakali kupangwa zitina. (Kulonga 5:14, 19) Ba Hoffmeier bakaamba kuti “makani aalembedwe abana Egepita, atondezya kuti bana Egepita bakali kubelesya bamuzwakule ibazike . . . aciindi ncimunya eeco bana Israyeli nibakali kupenzyegwa. Eeci cipandulula kuti, makani aamba kuti ba Hebrayo bakaindi bakanjila mu Egepita . . . ciindi nikwakali nzala kapati alimwi bakapenzyegwa mubuzike, ngamasimpe.”
Businsimi bwatatu: ‘Njoopa lunyungu lwako nyika yoonse ya Kanana.’—Matalikilo 17:8.
Kuzuzikizyigwa: Nokuba kuti Musa wakasololela cisi cisyoonto cabana Israyeli kuzwa ku Egepita, Joshua, mwana wa Nuni, nguwakasololela bana Israyeli munyika ya Kanana mu 1473 B.C.E.
Ncaayubununa makani aakaindi:
● Ba K. A. Kitchen, basyaazibwene mumakani aabana Egepita, bakalemba kuti: Nokuba kuti basyaazibwene mumakani aazyakuvwukkula balakonzya kwaamba myaka iiteendelani, “tweelede buyo kwaamba kuti bana Israyeli bakanjila mu Kanana alimwi akukkala.
● Bbaibbele lyaamba kuti Joshua ‘wakautenta amulilo munzi wa Hazori iwaku Kanana.’ (Joshua 11:10, 11) Mumatongo aamunzi ooyu, basyaazibwene mumakani aazyakuvwukkula bakajana twaambo totatwe twaamba zyacikombelo cabana Kanana calo cakanyonyoonwa. Alimwi kwakajanwa bumboni abumwi butondezya kuti munzi ooyu wakatentwa mu 1400 B.C.E. Twaambo toonse tuleendelana ancolyaamba Bbaibbele.
● Dolopo limbi lyakali mumunzi wa Kanana ndidolopo lya Gibeoni, kwalo kwakali kulampa makilomita aali 9.6 kuzwa ku Jerusalemu. Basyaazibwene mumakani aazyakuvwukkula bakalizyiba dolopo ciindi nobakajana zijatizyo zyazijaaki zili 30 zyakazikkidwe kumwi kazijisi azyina lyadolopo. Kwiindana abantu bakali kukkala mu Hazori, bana Gibeoni bansiku bakabamba luumuno a Joshua. Akaambo kaceeci, kumbele wakabapa mulimo ‘wakuteka maanzi.’ (Joshua 9:3-7, 23) Nkaambo nzi ncaakabapeda mulimo ooyu? Bupanduluzi bujanika mulugwalo lwa 2 Samuele 2:13 alimwi a Jeremiya 41:12 butondezya kuti munzi wa Gibeoni wakajisi maanzi manji. Nkakaambo kaako, kweelana acibalo eeci camu Bbaibbele, bbuku liitwa kuti Archaeological Study Bible, New International Version, lyaamba kuti: “Ikaambo kazyibidwe kapati kujatikizya Gibeoni, nkuvwula kwamaanzi, calo caamba kuti munzi ooyu wakajisi mukalo omwe mupati alimwi atusyoonto-syoonto tuli ciloba.”
● Makani aajatikizya bantu baambidwe mu Bbaibbele aleendelana amakani aajanika mumabbuku aamba zyakaindi. Mbuli mbukwaambwa kale kumatalikilo, mulongo ooyu ulabikkilizya amazyina aabami bali 17, balo ibakazwa muzyalani lya Abrahamu, aabo ibakalela mu Israyeli naa mu Juda. Akati kabami aaba kuli Ahazi, Davida, Hezekiya, Manase, alimwi a Uziya. Masimpe ngakuti, ikwaambwa kwazyalani lyabami aaba kutondezya kuti bana Israyeli bakanjila ncobeni alimwi akukkala munyika ya Kanana.
● Mu 1896 basikuvwuntauzya bakajana cibumbwa ciitwa kuti Merneptah Stele ku Tebesi, mu Egepita. Cibumbwa eeci citondezya mbobakazunda cisi ca Kanana basikalumamba ba Farao Merneptah mu 1210 B.C.E. Aaya ngamakani aakusaanguna aatali aamu Magwalo aamba zyabana Israyeli, alo asinizya kuti cisi eeci cakaliko ncobeni.
Bubotu bwa Bbaibbele
Mbubwenya mbotwabona kale, Ibbaibbele lilijisi makani manji aacigaminina aamba bantu, masena, alimwi azyintu zyakacitika. Eeci citupa kuzyiba makani aamu Bbaibbele mbwaaendelana amakani aambi aatali aamu Bbaibbele, calo citugwasya kubona businsimi bwamu Bbaibbele mbobwakazuzikizyigwa. Kujatikizya Abrahamu alimwi alunyungu lwakwe, bumboni butondezya kuti zisyomezyo zya Leza zyakazuzikizyigwa—lunyungu lwa Abrahamu lwakaba cisi ncobeni, bakali bazike ku Egepita, alimwi mukuya kwaciindi bakakkala munyika ya Kanana. Zyoonse eezyi zituyeezya majwi ngaakaamba mulembi wa Bbaibbele Petro, walo cakulicesya wakaamba kuti: “Kunyina ciindi ibusinsimi nobwakaba akaambo kakuyanda kwamuntu, pele bantu bakaambaula zyakazwa kuli Leza kwiinda mukusololelwa amuuya uusalala.”—2 Petulo 1:21.
Mumyaanda yamyaka yakatobela kuzwa ciindi bana Israyeli nobakatalika kukkala mu Kanana, cisi eeci cakabweza ntaamu imwi yalo yakapa kuti kube mapenzi. Imapenzi aaya aalo akalaambidwe kale abalembi ba Bbaibbele, mbubwenya mbocitiitondezye cibalo citobela.
[Bupanduluzi buyungizidwe]
^ munc. 5 “B.C.E.” lyaamba kuti “Before the Common Era.”
^ munc. 5 Kumatalikilo Abraham wakali kwiitwa kuti Abramu.
^ munc. 11 Amubale 1 Makani 1:27-34; 2:1-15; 3:1-24. Mubulelo bwa Roboamu, mwana wa Mwami Solomoni, cisi ca Israyeli cakaandaana muzibeela zyobilo akuba bwami bwakumusanza alimwi abwakunyika. Kumane bami bobilo bamu Israyeli bakalela aciindi comwe.—1 Bami 12:1-24.
[Kabbokesi kali apeeji 25]
“ZISI ZYOONSE” ZIYOOJANA COOLWE
Leza wakasyomezya bantu kuti “zisi zyoonse” ziyoojana coolwe kwiinda mulunyungu lwa Abrahamu. (Matalikilo 22:18) Ikaambo kapati Leza ncaakabambila lunyungu lwa Abrahamu kuti cibe cisi, kakali kakuti Mesiya akazyalwe, walo uyoofwida musyobo wabantu boonse. * Nokuba boobo, zisyomezyo zya Leza kwiinda muli Abrahamu zilamujatikizya andinywe. Lugwalo lwa Johane 3:16 lwaamba kuti: “Nkaambo Leza wakaiyanda kapati nyika cakuti wakapa Mwanaakwe simuzyalwaalikke, kutegwa muntu uuli woonse uumusyoma atakanyonyoonwi pele akabe abuumi butamani.”
[Bupanduluzi buyungizidwe 25]
^ munc. 34 Businsimi bwaamba cacigaminina kujatikizya Mesiya bulabandikwa muzibeela 3 alimwi a 4, izyamakani aaya aabusinsimi izili mumagazini yakumbele.
[Kabbokesi kali apeeji 25]
KUSYOMEKA MUKUBAMBA CIINDI
Cikozyanyo comwe icitondezya kuti Bbaibbele lilasyomeka mukubamba ciindi, cilatondezyegwa mulugwalo lwa 1 Bami 6:1, calo citondezya ciindi Mwami Solomoni naakatalika mulimo wakuyaka tempele mu Jerusalemu. Lugwalo oolu lwaamba kuti: “Mumwaka wamyanda yone amakumi aali musanu aatatu [nkokuti myaka iili 479 iikkwene], bana ba-Israyeli nibakamana kulonga kuzwa ku-Egepita, mumwaka wane wabwami bwa-Solomoni bwaku-Israyeli, mumwezi wa-Zivi (nkukuti mwezi wabili), wakatalika kuyaka iŋanda ya-Jehova.”
Mbozyakali kutobelana zyintu zyaambidwe mu Bbaibbele zitondezya kuti mwaka wane wakulela kwa Solomoni wakali 1034 B.C.E. Kubala myaka iili 479 kuzwa mumwaka ooyu citusisya mu 1513 B.C.E. mwaka bana Israyeli nibakalonga kuzwa ku Egepita.
[Kabbokesi kali apeeji 26]
ABRAHAMU MUNTU WAKAPONA NCOBENI
● Zyintu zilembedwe amabwe aabulongo zyalo ziyeeyelwa kuti zyakalembwa mumwaanda wamyaka wa 18 B.C.E., zitondezya minzi iijisi mazyina aabasazinyina Abrahamu. Minzi eeyi ibikkilizya Pelegi, Serugi, Nahori, Tera, alimwi a Harani.—Matalikilo 11:17-32.
● Mulugwalo lwa Matalikilo 11:31, tubala kuti Abrahamu amukwasyi wakwe bakalonga kuzwa ku “Uri waba-Kasidi.” Matongo aamunzi ooyu akajanwa ku Iraq nkoili kumusanza. Alimwi Bbaibbele lyaamba kuti bausyi Abrahamu, ba Tera, bakafwida mumunzi wa Harani, walo uuyeeyelwa kuti wakali mubusena bwamucisi ciitwa kuti Turkey mazuba aano, alimwi akuti mukaintu wa Abrahamu, Sara, wakafwida ku Hebroni, idolopo liciliko amazuba aano ku Middle East.—Matalikilo 11:32; 23:2.
[Ccaati/Cifwanikiso icili apeeji 24, 25]
(Kutegwa mubone bwini mbwaakkede mabala, amubone bbuku lini)
MULONGO WAZYINTU MBOZYAKALI KUCITIKA MULUNYUNGU LWA ABRAHAMU
ALIMWI AKULONGA KWABANA ISRAYELI
(B.C.E.)
1843 Abrahamu wafwa
Mazyalani one aluzubo lwa Abrahamu
Levi
1728 Jakobo walonga amukwasyi
kuya ku Egepita
1711 Jakobo wafwa Kohati
1657 Josefa wafwa Amramu
1593 Musa wazyalwa Musa 1513 Musa wasololela bana
Israyeli kuzwa mu Egepita
1473 Musa wafwa. Joshua watalika
kusololela bana Israyeli
kuya kunyika ya Kanana
Ciindi ca Babetesi
1117 Samueli wananika
Saulo kuba mwami
wakusaanguna wa Israyeli
1107 Davida wazyalwa
1070 Davida waba mwami
wa Israyeli
1034 Solomoni watalika
kuyaka tempele
[Cifwanikiso]
Ibbwe eeli ndibakalemba nibakazunda lilembedwe kuti “Ŋanda ya Davida,” lili akati kazyintu zyaamba bami bakazwa kuli Abrahamu alimwi ibakeendelezya mu Israyeli alimwi a Judaya
[Kulumba]
© Israel Museum, Jerusalem/The Bridgeman Art Library International
