Fetela kwa tshedimosetsong

Fetela go diteng

TSA MALOBA

Al-Khwarizmi

Al-Khwarizmi

BATHO ba bantsi ba dirisa dinomoro tsa Hindu- Arabic go lekanya bokete jwa mmele wa bone kgotsa go dira tekanyetso ya se ba tla se rekang. Goreng ba dirisa dinomoro tsa “Hindu-Arabic”? Go bonala go dirisiwa ga dinomoro tseno tse di simololang ka lefela go ya go robongwe go simologile kwa India ga bo ga anamela kwa Bophirima fa baithuti ba metlha ya bogare ba kwala dibuka tsa Searabia. Mongwe wa bone e ne e le Muhammad ibn-Musa al-Khwarizmi. Monna yono yo o tsholetsweng kwa toropong e jaanong e bidiwang Uzbekistan mo e ka nnang ka 780 C.E., o bidiwa “mogaka yo mogolo wa dipalo tsa Searabia.” Goreng a bidiwa jalo?

“MOGAKA WA DIPALO TSA SEARABIA”

Al-Khwarizmi o ne a kwala ka melemo ya go dirisa dinomoro tsa tesimale a bo a tlhalosa kafa go leng motlhofo ka gone go dirisa mofuta mongwe wa go rarabolola dipalo le go dira gore batho ba o tlwaele. O ne a tlhalosa mofuta oo mo bukeng ya gagwe ya The Book of Restoring and Balancing. Lefoko la Seesemane e leng algebra le tswa mo lereong al-jabr le le tlhagang mo setlhogong sa Searabia se se reng Kitab al-jabr wa’l-muqabala. Mokwadi mongwe wa dibuka tsa saense e bong Ehsan Masood a re algebra e tsewa e le “sedirisiwa sa botlhokwa thata sa dipalo se se tlhamilweng e bile se dumalana le saense ka sengwe le sengwe.” *

Mokwadi mongwe a re: “Bana ba bantsi ba ba tsenang sekolo se segolwane ba eletsa e kete [al-Khwarizmi] a ka bo a sa tlhama mofuta ono wa dipalo.” Le fa go ntse jalo, al-Khwarizmi o ne a tlhalosa gore boikaelelo jwa gagwe e ne e le go tlhofofatsa dipalo tse di dirisiwang mo kgwebong, fa go kgaoganngwa boswa, fa go dirwa dipatlisiso le mo dilong tse dingwe.

Makgolo a dingwaga moragonyana, baitsedipalo ba kwa Bophirima go akaretsa Galileo le Fibonacci ba ne ba tlotla al-Khwarizmi ka gonne a ne a tlhalosa dipalo ka tsela e e utlwalang. Tsela e al-Khwarizmi a neng a tlhalosa dilo ka yone e dirile gore batho ba ithute mo go oketsegileng ka dipalo tsa algebra, arithmetic le trigonometry. Trigonometry e thusitse baithuti ba Botlhabagare gore ba kgone go bala matlhakore a khutlotharo le gore ba ithute tepodinaledi. *

Algebra: “Sedirisiwa sa botlhokwa thata sa dipalo se se tlhamilweng”

Batho ba ba neng ba bala dibuka tsa ga al-Khwarizmi ba ne ba tlhama ditsela tse disha tsa go bala dipalo tsa tesimale le mefuta e mesha ya go bona bophara, bogodimo le boleele jwa sengwe. Bataki le baagi ba Botlhabagare ba ne ba dirisa mefuta eo ya dipalo e e neng e sa bolo go dirisiwa pele ga e dirisiwa ke batho ba kwa Bophirima ba ba neng ba e tlwaela ka nako ya Batlhabanelatumelo. Fa ba boela gae, ba ne ba dirisa kitso e Bamoseleme ba batshwarwa le batshabi ba ba rutegileng ba ba neileng yone.

DIPALO TSA SEARABIA DI A ANAMA

Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, dibuka tsa ga al-Khwarizmi di ne tsa ranolelwa mo Selatineng. Moitsedipalo wa Mo-Italy e bong Fibonacci (c. 1170-1250), yo gape a itsegeng ka Leonardo wa kwa Pisa, o ne a dira gore batho ba kwa Bophirima ba tlwaele dipalo tsa Hindu-Arabic. O ne a ithuta tsone fa a tsaya maeto kwa Mediterranean a bo a kwala ka tsone mo bukeng ya gagwe ya Book of Calculation.

Go tsere dingwaga gore batho ba tlhaloganye tsela e al-Khwarizmi a neng a tlhalosa dipalo ka yone. Mme gone jaanong mefuta eno ya dipalo e dirisiwa thata mo saenseng, mo thekenolojing, mo kgwebong le mo madirelong.

^ ser. 5 Mo dipalong tse di dirisiwang gompieno tsa algebra, dipalo tse di sa itsiweng di emisediwa ka ditlhaka tse di jaaka x kgotsa y. Re ka dira sekai ka palo eno x + 4 = 6. Fa o ntsha 4 mo dipalong tseno tse pedi o lemoga gore x e lekana le 2.

^ ser. 7 Balepadinaledi ba Bagerika ke bone ba ba neng ba simolola go bala matlhakore a khutlotharo. Baithuti ba Baiselamo ba ne ba dirisa trigonometry go bona kwa Mecca e leng gone. Bamoseleme ba rapela letsatsi le letsatsi ba lebile ntlheng ya Mecca. Go ya ka ngwao ya bone, baswi ba tshwanetse go fitlhwa ba lebisitswe kwa ntlheng ya Mecca e bile Bamoseleme ba ba rekisang nama ba tshwanetse go leba kwa ntlheng ya Mecca fa ba bolaya diphologolo.