ETENA kokayɛ tshɛkɛta “anima” ndo “nyuma,” kakɔna kakoyɛ lo yimba? Anto efula fɔnyaka dia tɔtɛkɛta tɔsɔ nembetshiyaka ɛngɔ kɛmɔtshi kahɛnama ndo kahavu kele l’etei ka demba diaso. Vɔ fɔnyaka dia etena kavɔ onto, etenyi kahɛnama kɛsɔ ka lo demba di’onto tombaka oma lo demba ko totetemala nsɛna l’andja wa demba. Lam’ele kanyi shɔ yambokokanɛ efula, anto efula mambaka etena kekawɔ diaha kɛsɔ mɛtɛ mbetsha Bible. Ko lo ndjela Ɔtɛkɛta wa Nzambi, anima la nyuma kɛdikɛdi na?

Tɔtɛkɛtɛ ntondo dikambo dia anima. Ondo wɛ mbohɔka dia Bible kakafundama lo Hɛbɛru ndo lo Grɛkɛ. Etena kakawafundaka dikambo di’anima, afundji wa Bible wakakambe la tshɛkɛta ya lo Hɛbɛru neʹphesh ndo ya lo Grɛkɛ psy·kheʹ. Tɔtɛkɛta  tohende tɔsɔ tanemaka mbala ndekana 800 lo Afundelo ndo Ekadimwelo k’andja w’oyoyo kadimolaka tɔtɛkɛta tɔsɔ suke la mbala tshɛ ɔnɛ “anima.” Naka wɛ nsɛdingola woho wakamba Bible la tshɛkɛta “anima,” kete wɛ ayɛna dia yɔ mendanaka la 1) anto, 2) nyama, la 3) lɔsɛnɔ l’onto kana la nyama. Tɔsɛdingole avɛsa amɔtshi wɛnya awui asato wotshikitanyi asɔ.

Anto. “Lo nshi ya Nɔa, . . . anto angana ato mbakahande, mbuta ate anima enanɛi.” (1 Petero 3:20) Lo divɛsa nɛ, tshɛkɛta “anima” nembetshiyaka mɛtɛ anto, mbuta ate Nɔa, wadɛnde, anande asato ndo wadɛwɔ. Etombelo 16:16 tɛkɛtaka dia wadjango wakawasha ase Isariyɛlɛ lo kɛnɛ kendana la ɔtɔngɔnɛlɔ wa mana. Jehowa akawatɛ ɔnɛ: “Pami tshe atongone uku efula [“k’anima,” NW] weli lu luudu landi la dipema.” Ɔnkɔnɛ, owandji wa nkumbo akahombaka ntɔngɔna mana yɛdimi la lofulo l’anto wele lo nkumbo kande. Bɛnyɛlɔ dikina dia l’Afundelo diendana la woho wokambiwɔ la tshɛkɛta “anima” lo dikambo di’anto tanemaka lo Etatelo 46:18; Jashua 11:11, NW; Etsha 27:37 ndo Rɔmɔ 13:1.

Nyama. L’ɔkɔndɔ wa lo Bible wendana l’etongelo, sho mbadiaka ɔnɛ: “[Nzambi] akati ati: Ashi wayali la [“anima wele,” NW] la lumu. Ndu fudu yafumboki lu dungulungu dieli l’asa ulungu la kete. [Nzambi] akati ati: [“anima wele,” NW] la lumu, dungalunga, tumbatumba, la nyama kina tshe yayali la kete uku wehu ayo. Ku dikambu so diakayala.” (Etatelo 1:20, 24) Lo divɛsa nɛ, vɔ ntɛkɛta dikambo dia nse, waa nyama ya lo ngelo ndo ya l’okonda tshɛ lo nkamba paka la tshɛkɛta yâmɛ: “anima.” Tofudu ndo nyama nkina mbelamɛka nto ɔnɛ anima lo Etatelo 9:10, NW; Akambo w’ase Lɛwi 11:46, NW ndo lo Walelo 31:28, NW.

Lɔsɛnɔ l’onto. Mbala mɔtshi tshɛkɛta “anima” nembetshiyaka lɔsɛnɔ l’onto. Jehowa akatɛ Mɔsɛ ate: “Antu tshe wakayangi [“anima ayɛ,” NW] wambuvokaka.” (Etombelo 4:19) Atunyi wa Mɔsɛ akawayangaka? Vɔ wakayangaka lɔsɛnɔ lande. Etena kakotaka Rashɛlɛ ɔnande Bɛnjamina, “anima ande wakatatombaka (nɛ dia nde akavu).” (Etatelo 35:16-19, NW) L’etena kɛsɔ, Rashɛlɛ akashisha lɔsɛnɔ lande. Tende ɛtɛkɛta wa Yeso wata ɔnɛ: “Dimi lekɔ olami w’ɔlɔlɔ w’ɛkɔkɔ. Olami w’ɔlɔlɔ w’ɛkɔkɔ tokimɔka anima ande lo wahɔ w’ɛkɔkɔ.” (Joani 10:11)  Yeso akakimɔ anima kana lɔsɛnɔ lande dikambo di’anto. Lo avɛsa anɛ, tshɛkɛta “anima” nembetshiyaka lɔsɛnɔ l’onto. Wɛ ayotana bɛnyɛlɔ efula diendana la yoho shɔ yokambiwɔ la tshɛkɛta “anima” lo 1 Nkumi ya dikanga 17:17-23, NW; Mateo 10:39; Joani 15:13 ndo lo Etsha 20:10.

Naka wɛ mbadia Bible la yambalo tshɛ, kete wɛ ayɛna dia ndoko divɛsa diata ɔnɛ anima “havu” kana sɛnaka “pondjo” dikambo anima mvɔka. (Ɛzɛkiyɛlɛ 18:4, 20, NW) Diakɔ dielɛ Bible onto lambovɔ ɔnɛ “anima wambovɔ.”​—Akambo w’ase Lɛwi 21:11, NW.

Tendake woho wakamba Bible la tshɛkɛta “nyuma.” Anto amɔtshi fɔnyaka dia “nyuma” kekɔ tsho tshɛkɛta kina yalembetshiya “anima.” Koko, aha ngasɔ mbediɔ. Bible mɛnyaka hwe dia “nyuma” la “anima” nembetshiyaka diangɔ pende diotshikitanyi. Ngande wotshikitanyi tɔtɛkɛta tɔsɔ?

Afundji wa Bible wakakambe la tshɛkɛta ya lo Hɛbɛru ruʹach kana ya lo Grɛkɛ pneuʹma dia ntɛkɛta dikambo dia “nyuma.” Afundelo vɔamɛ mɛnyaka kitshimudi ya tɔtɛkɛta tɔsɔ. Ɛnyɛlɔ, Osambo 104:29 mbutaka ɔnɛ: “Lam’atuyusheka [wɛ Jehowa] elundji kaye, vo watukananaka. Lam’atuyosaka [“nyuma kawɔ,” NW] [ruʹach], vo watuvokaka, watukadimoka ditshu ntu.” Ndo Jakɔba 2:26 mbutaka dia “demba diaha la lomu [pneuʹma] diambovɔ.” Ɔnkɔnɛ, lo avɛsa anɛ, “nyuma” nembetshiyaka ɛngɔ kasha demba lɔsɛnɔ. Demba diele bu la nyuma, mvɔka. Diakɔ diele, lo Bible tshɛkɛta ruʹach kadimɔma aha tsho ɔnɛ “nyuma,” koko ndo ɔnɛ “wolo,” kana wolo wa lɔsɛnɔ. Ɛnyɛlɔ, lo kɛnɛ kendana la Mvula k’elola ka lo nshi ya Nɔa, Nzambi akate ate: “Dimi layanga ndɔsha Mvula k’elola la nkɛtɛ dia ndanya ɛngɔ tshɛ kele la wolo [ruʹach] wa lɔsɛnɔ l’ɛse olongo.” (Etatelo 6:17; 7:15, 22, NW) Ɔnkɔnɛ, mbokɛmaka we dia “nyuma” nembetshiyaka wolo wahɛnama (shase ya lɔsɛnɔ) yahɛtshahɛtsha ditongami tshɛ diele la lɔsɛnɔ.

Anima la nyuma kema ɛngɔ ɔtɔi. Demba diekɔ l’ohomba wa nyuma oko wele aradiyo l’ohomba wa kura dia vɔ mpoma. Dia nembetshiya dikambo sɔ, tɔshi ɛnyɛlɔ k’aradiyo wa tshitshɛ wɛmbawɔ l’anya. Naka wɛ mbidja abanga lɔkɔ ko wɛ mpɛtsha, kete kura kele l’abanga kayɔtɛkɛtsha aradiyo oko ɛngɔ kawosha lɔsɛnɔ. Koko naka wɛ ntondja abanga, kete aradiyo wayodimala, mbuta ate wayovɔ. Ngasɔ mbonga ndo weho ekina w’aradiyo naka wambɔkɔhɔla eshinga oma lo kura. Woho akɔ wâmɛ  mbele, nyuma ekɔ wolo washa demba diaso lɔsɛnɔ. Ndo lo ɛnyɛlɔ ka kura, nyuma bu la nsaki ndo hakoke nkanyiya. Tɔ kekɔ wolo, koko aha onto. Koko, naka nyuma kana wolo wa lɔsɛnɔ ɔsɔ bu, kete alemba aso ‘mvɔka ndo kalolaka lo ditshu’ oko wakadite omembi w’esambo.

Lo kɛnɛ kendana la nyɔi k’onto, Ondaki 12:7 (NW) mbutaka ɔnɛ: “Ditshu [dia demba diande] kalolaka lo nkɛtɛ woho wakidiɔ ndo nyuma kalolaka le Nzambi ka mɛtɛ lakakisha.” Etena katomba nyuma kana wolo wa lɔsɛnɔ oma lo demba, diɔ mvɔka ndo kalolaka lɛnɛ akadiɔsama, mbuta ate lo nkɛtɛ. Woho akɔ wâmɛ mbele, wolo wa lɔsɛnɔ kalolaka oma lɛnɛ akawaye, mbuta ate le Nzambi. (Jɔbɔ 34:14, 15; Osambo 36:9) Kɛsɔ hɛnya dia wolo wa lɔsɛnɔ tshɔka mɛtɛ otsha l’olongo. Koko dui sɔ mɛnyaka ɔnɛ le onto lambovɔ, elongamelo kande ka lɔsɛnɔ la lo nshi yayaye nemanɛka la Jehowa Nzambi. Ekɔ oko lɔsɛnɔ lande lekɔ l’anya waki Nzambi. Paka oma lo wolo waki Nzambi mbakoka nyuma kana wolo wa lɔsɛnɔ nkalola nto le onto akɔ dia nde monga la lɔsɛnɔ nto.

Ekɔ mɛtɛ dui di’ekeketshelo efula dia mbeya ɔnɛ kɛsɔ mbayosalɛ Nzambi wanɛ tshɛ womuya lo “waombo wohɔma”! (Joani 5:28, 29) L’etena k’eolwelo, Jehowa ayosha anto woladi lo nyɔi alemba w’eyoyo ko mbaolola lo mbidja nyuma kana wolo wa lɔsɛnɔ lɔkɔ. Ɔsɔ ayonga mɛtɛ lushi l’ɔngɛnɔngɛnɔ!

Naka wɛ nangaka mbeya awui akina lo dikambo dia tɔtɛkɛta “anima” la “nyuma” lo woho wakamba Bible latɔ, kete wɛ ayotana awui w’ohomba lo biukubuku Ngande wayalaso lam’avɔso? ndo lo lɛkɛ 27-32; 135-140 la dibuku Comment raisonner à partir des Écritures, wakatondjama oma le Ɛmɛnyi wa Jehowa.