1, 2. Ni mu buhe buryo Ubuhinduzi bw’isi nshya bushyira hejuru izina ry’Imana?

 HARI haramutse neza, ari kuwa kabiri mu gitondo ku itariki ya 2 Ukuboza 1947, ubwo itsinda ry’abavandimwe basutsweho umwuka bo kuri Beteli y’i Brooklyn ho muri New York batangiraga umurimo utoroshye. Uwo murimo wari ugoye, ariko bakomeje kuwukora mu gihe cy’imyaka 12 yakurikiyeho. Amaherezo, ku cyumweru tariki ya 13 Werurwe 1960, barangije umwandiko wa nyuma w’ubuhinduzi bushya bwa Bibiliya. Hashize amezi atatu nyuma yaho, ku itariki ya 18 Kamena 1960, umuvandimwe Nathan Knorr yatangarije abari mu ikoraniro ryabereye i Manchester mu Bwongereza ko umubumbe wa nyuma wa Bibiliya yuzuye y’Ubuhinduzi bw’isi nshya bw’Ibyanditswe byera wasohotse, maze barishima cyane. Umuvandimwe Knorr yagaragaje neza ibyiyumvo by’abari muri iryo koraniro ubwo yavugaga ati ‘uyu ni umunsi w’ibyishimo ku Bahamya ba Yehova aho bari hose ku isi!’ Ikintu cy’ingenzi cyarangaga ubwo buhinduzi bushya, ari na cyo cyatumaga bishima cyane, ni uko bukoresha izina bwite ry’Imana incuro nyinshi.

² Ubuhinduzi bwinshi bwa Bibiliya ntibukoresha izina ry’Imana. Ariko abagaragu ba Yehova basutsweho umwuka barwanyije umugambi wa Satani wo gusiba mu bwenge bw’abantu izina ry’Imana. Ijambo ry’ibanze ry’iyo Bibiliya y’Ubuhinduzi bw’isi nshya yari yasohotse uwo munsi, ryagiraga riti “ikintu cyihariye kiranga ubu buhinduzi, ni uko bwashubije izina ry’Imana mu mwanya rikwiriye kubamo mu mwandiko wa Bibiliya.” Koko rero, Ubuhinduzi bw’isi nshya bukoresha izina bwite ry’Imana, ari ryo Yehova, incuro zisaga 7.000. Mbega ukuntu ubwo buhinduzi bushyira hejuru mu buryo buhambaye izina rya Data wo mu ijuru, ari we Yehova!

3. (a) Ni iki abavandimwe bacu basobanukiwe ku birebana n’icyo izina ry’Imana risobanura? (b) Twagombye kumva dute amagambo ari mu Kuva 3:13, 14? (Reba agasanduku gafite umutwe uvuga ngo “ Icyo izina ry’Imana risobanura.”)

³ Mu myaka ya mbere, Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bumvaga ko izina ry’Imana risobanura ngo “ndi uwo ndi we” (Kuva 3:14, King James Version). Ni yo mpamvu Umunara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 1 Mutarama 1926, wagiraga uti “izina Yehova risobanura uwifitemo kubaho, . . . utaragize intangiriro ntagire n’iherezo.” Icyakora, igihe abahinduzi b’Ubuhinduzi bw’isi nshya batangiraga umurimo wabo, Yehova yari yarafashije abagize ubwoko  bwe gusobanukirwa ko izina rye ridasobanura gusa ko yifitemo kubaho, ko ahubwo mbere na mbere risobanura ko ari Imana ifite umugambi n’ibikorwa. Bari barasobanukiwe ko izina rya Yehova rifashwe uko ryakabaye risobanura ngo “atuma biba.” Koko rero, yatumye isanzure ry’ikirere n’ibiremwa bifite ubwenge bibaho, kandi akomeje gutuma ibyo ashaka n’umugambi we bisohora. Ariko se kuki ari iby’ingenzi ko izina ry’Imana rishyirwa hejuru, kandi se ni mu buhe buryo twagira uruhare mu kurishyira hejuru?

4, 5. (a) Iyo dusenze dusaba ngo “izina ryawe niryezwe,” tuba dusaba iki? (b) Imana izeza izina ryayo ite kandi izaryeza ryari?

⁴ Yehova ashaka ko izina rye rishyirwa hejuru. Mu by’ukuri, umugambi we w’ibanze ni uwo kweza izina rye nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ikintu cya mbere gisabwa mu isengesho ntangarugero rya Yesu, aho yagize ati “izina ryawe niryezwe” (Mat 6:9). Iyo dusenze dutyo, tuba dusaba iki?

⁵ Nk’uko twabibonye mu gice cya mbere cy’iki gitabo, gusaba ngo “izina ryawe niryezwe” ni kimwe mu bintu bitatu bisabwa mu isengesho ntangarugero rya Yesu bifitanye isano n’umugambi wa Yehova. Ibindi bibiri bisabwa ni ibi: “Ubwami bwawe nibuze. Ibyo ushaka bikorwe” (Mat 6:10). Bityo rero, iyo dusabye Yehova kugira icyo akora ngo atume Ubwami bwe buza n’ibyo ashaka bikorwe, tuba tumusaba kugira icyo akora ngo yeze izina rye. Mu yandi magambo, tuba dusaba Yehova ngo agire icyo akora yeze izina rye arivaneho ibitutsi byose ryatutswe kuva habaho ukwigomeka muri Edeni. Yehova azasubiza ate iryo sengesho? Aravuga ati “nzeza izina ryanjye rikomeye ryandavurijwe mu mahanga” (Ezek 36:23; 38:23). Kuri Harimagedoni, igihe Yehova azakuraho ibibi, azeza izina rye ibyaremwe byose bireba.

6. Ni mu buhe buryo twagira uruhare mu kweza izina ry’Imana?

⁶ Mu mateka yose y’abantu, Yehova yagiye yemerera abagaragu be kugira uruhare mu kweza izina rye. Icyakora birumvikana ko tudashobora gutuma izina ry’Imana rirushaho kuba iryera. Risanzwe ari iryera mu buryo budasubirwaho. None se twaryeza dute? Yesaya agira ati “Yehova nyir’ingabo ni we wenyine mugomba kubona ko ari uwera.” Yehova ubwe na we yivugiye ko abagaragu be ‘bazeza izina rye, kandi bazatinya Imana ya Isirayeli’ (Yes 8:13; 29:23). Bityo, tweza izina ry’Imana mu gihe tubona ko ryihariye kandi ko riri hejuru kuruta andi mazina yose, twubaha icyo rigaragaza, kandi dufasha abandi kubona ko ari iryera. Tugaragaza mu buryo bwihariye ko dutinya izina ry’Imana kandi tukaryubaha mu gihe twemeye ko Yehova atubera Umutegetsi kandi tukamwumvira tubigiranye umutima wacu wose.—Imig 3:1; Ibyah 4:11.

7, 8. (a) Kuki hashize igihe runaka mbere y’uko ubwoko bw’Imana bwitirirwa izina ryayo? (b) Ni iki tugiye gusuzuma?

⁷ Guhera mu myaka ya 1870, abagaragu b’Imana bo muri iki gihe bakoreshaga izina ry’Imana mu bitabo byabo. Urugero, Umunara w’Umurinzi wo muri Kanama 1879 n’igitabo cy’indirimbo cyasohotse muri uwo mwaka (Cantiques de l’Épouse),  byarimo izina rya Yehova. Icyakora, bisa n’aho mbere y’uko Yehova yemerera abagize ubwoko bwe kwitirirwa izina rye ryera ku mugaragaro, yakoze ibyari bikenewe byose kugira ngo buzuze ibisabwa ngo bahabwe iyo nshingano yiyubashye cyane. Ni mu buhe buryo Yehova yateguriye abo Bigishwa ba Bibiliya ba mbere kwitirirwa izina rye?

⁸ Iyo dushubije amaso inyuma tukareba uko byari byifashe mu mpera z’imyaka ya 1800 no mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 1900, tubona ukuntu Yehova yatumye ubwoko bwe burushaho gusobanukirwa neza ibintu by’ingenzi by’ukuri gufitanye isano n’izina rye. Nimucyo dusuzume bitatu muri byo.

9, 10. (a) Kuki ingingo za mbere z’Umunara w’Umurinzi zibandaga kuri Yesu? (b) Ni irihe hinduka ryabaye guhera mu mwaka wa 1919, kandi se ryafashije rite Abigishwa ba Bibiliya? (Reba nanone agasanduku gafite umutwe uvuga ngo “ Uko Umunara w’Umurinzi washyize hejuru izina ry’Imana.”)

⁹ Mbere na mbere, abagaragu ba Yehova basobanukiwe neza agaciro k’izina ry’Imana. Abigishwa ba Bibiliya ba mbere b’indahemuka babonaga ko inyigisho y’incungu ari yo y’ibanze muri Bibiliya. Ni yo mpamvu incuro nyinshi Umunara w’Umurinzi wibandaga cyane kuri Yesu. Urugero, Umunara w’Umurinzi utangiye gusohoka, mu mwaka wa mbere izina rya Yesu ryavuzwe incuro zikubye icumi izavuzwe ku izina rya Yehova. Umunara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 15 Werurwe 1976, wavuze ko mu myaka ya mbere Abigishwa ba Bibiliya “bakabyaga” guha Yesu agaciro. Icyakora, Yehova yaje kubafasha kubona ko Bibiliya iha izina bwite ry’Imana agaciro kenshi. Ibyo byafashije bite Abigishwa ba Bibiliya? Cyane cyane guhera mu mwaka wa 1919, nk’uko uwo Munara w’Umurinzi wabivuze, “batangiye kubaha Se wa Mesiya wo mu ijuru, ari we Yehova, kuruta uko babikoraga mbere.” Mu myaka icumi yakurikiyeho uhereye mu wa 1919, Umunara w’Umurinzi wavuze izina ry’Imana incuro zirenga 6.500!

¹⁰ Abavandimwe bacu bahaye izina rya Yehova icyubahiro rikwiriye, bityo bagaragaza urukundo bakundaga izina ry’Imana. Kimwe na Mose wo mu gihe cya cyera, batangiye ‘kwamamaza izina rya Yehova’ (Guteg 32:3; Zab 34:3). Nk’uko byari byarasezeranyijwe mu Byanditswe, Yehova na we yabonye urukundo bakunze izina rye maze abagirira neza.—Zab 119:132; Heb 6:10.

11, 12. (a) Ni mu buhe buryo ibitabo byacu byahindutse nyuma gato y’umwaka wa 1919? (b) Yehova yafashije abagaragu be kwerekeza ibitekerezo ku ki, kandi kuki?

¹¹ Icya kabiri, Abakristo b’ukuri basobanukiwe neza umurimo Imana yabashinze. Nyuma gato y’umwaka wa 1919, abavandimwe basutsweho umwuka bari bayoboye umurimo, bumvise ko bagombaga gusuzuma ubuhanuzi bwa Yesaya. Nyuma yaho, ibyo ibitabo byacu byibandagaho byarahindutse. Kuki ibyo bintu byahindutse byari “ibyokurya mu gihe gikwiriye”?—Mat 24:45.

¹² Mbere y’umwaka wa 1919, Umunara w’Umurinzi ntiwari warigeze usuzuma mu buryo burambuye uyu murongo wo muri Yesaya ugira uti “Yehova aravuga ati ‘muri abahamya banjye; ndetse muri umugaragu wanjye natoranyije.’” (Soma muri Yesaya 43:10-12.) Ariko nyuma gato y’umwaka wa 1919, ibitabo byacu byatangiye kwibanda kuri iyo mirongo ya Bibiliya, bigashishikariza abasutsweho umwuka bose kwifatanya mu murimo Yehova yabashinze wo kumuhamya. Hagati y’umwaka wa 1925  n’uwa 1931 honyine, igice cya 43 cya Yesaya cyasuzumwe mu nomero 57 z’Umunara w’Umurinzi, kandi buri nomero yagaragazaga ko ayo magambo ya Yesaya yerekezaga ku Bakristo b’ukuri. Uko bigaragara, muri iyo myaka, Yehova yarimo afasha abagaragu be kwerekeza ibitekerezo ku murimo bagombaga gukora. Kubera iki? Kwari ukugira ngo “babanze kugeragezwa kugira ngo bagaragare ko bakwiriye” (1 Tim 3:10). Mbere y’uko Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bemererwa kwitirirwa izina ry’Imana, bagombaga kubanza kwereka Yehova binyuze ku bikorwa byabo ko bari abahamya be nyakuri.—Luka 24:47, 48.

13. Ni mu buhe buryo Ijambo ry’Imana ryahishuye ikibazo cy’ingenzi cyane kuruta ibindi cyagombaga gukemurwa?

¹³ Icya gatatu, abagaragu ba Yehova basobanukiwe ko kwezwa kw’izina ry’Imana ari byo by’ingenzi cyane. Mu myaka ya 1920, basobanukiwe ko ikibazo cy’ingenzi cyane kuruta ibindi cyagombaga gukemurwa, ari ukwezwa kw’izina ry’Imana. Ni mu buhe buryo Ijambo ry’Imana rihishura uko kuri kw’ingenzi cyane? Zirikana izi ngero ebyiri. Ni iyihe mpamvu y’ibanze yatumye Imana ivana Abisirayeli muri Egiputa? Yehova yaravuze ati ‘ni ukugira ngo izina ryanjye ryamamare mu isi yose’ (Kuva 9:16). Kandi se ni iki cyatumye Yehova ababarira Abisirayeli igihe bamwigomekagaho? Nanone Yehova yaravuze ati “nagiriye izina ryanjye kugira ngo ritandavurizwa imbere y’amahanga” (Ezek 20:8-10). Izo nkuru ndetse n’izindi zo muri Bibiliya zatumye Abigishwa ba Bibiliya basobanukirwa iki?

14. (a) Ni iki ubwoko bw’Imana bwasobanukiwe mu mpera z’imyaka ya 1920? (b) Ubumenyi bwimbitse Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bagize bwatumye babona bate umurimo wo kubwiriza? (Reba nanone agasanduku gafite umutwe uvuga ngo “ Impamvu ikomeye ituma tubwiriza.”)

¹⁴ Mu mpera z’imyaka ya 1920, abagize ubwoko bw’Imana basobanukiwe ibyo Yesaya yari yaranditse, hakaba hari hashize imyaka igera ku 2.700. Yari yaranditse ibyerekeye Yehova agira ati “nguko uko wayoboye ubwoko bwawe kugira ngo wiheshe izina ryiza” (Yes 63:14). Abigishwa ba Bibiliya basobanukiwe ko ikibazo cy’ibanze cyagombaga gukemurwa kitari gifitanye isano n’agakiza k’abantu, ko ahubwo kwari ukwezwa kw’izina ry’Imana (Yes 37:20; Ezek 38:23). Igitabo cyasobanuraga ubuhanuzi cyasohotse mu mwaka wa 1929 (Prophétie), cyavuze muri make uko kuri kigira kiti “izina rya Yehova ni ryo ry’ingenzi cyane imbere y’ibyaremwe byose.” Abagaragu b’Imana bamaze gusobanukirwa neza uko kuri, barushijeho gushishikarira guhamya ibyerekeye Yehova no kuvana umugayo ku izina rye.

15. (a) Byageze mu myaka ya 1930 abavandimwe bacu baramaze gusobanukirwa iki? (b) Kandi se ni ikihe gihe cyari kigeze?

¹⁵ Mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 1930, abavandimwe bacu bari barasobanukiwe neza agaciro k’izina ry’Imana, barasobanukiwe neza umurimo Imana yabashinze gukora, kandi bari bafite ubumenyi bwimbitse ku birebana n’ikibazo cy’ingenzi cyagombaga gukemurwa. Ubwo rero, igihe cyari kigeze kugira ngo Yehova atoneshe abagaragu be, abemerere kwitirirwa izina rye ku mugaragaro. Kugira ngo tumenye uko ibyo byagezweho, reka dusuzume bimwe mu bintu byabaye.

16. (a) Ni ubuhe buryo buhebuje Yehova akoresha kugira ngo ashyire izina rye hejuru? (b) Mu bihe byashize, ni ba nde babanje kuba ubwoko bwitirirwa izina ry’Imana?

¹⁶ Uburyo bumwe buhebuje Yehova akoresha kugira ngo ashyire izina rye hejuru ni ukugira ubwoko bwitirirwa izina rye  ku isi. Guhera mu mwaka wa 1513 M.Y., ishyanga rya Isirayeli ryari ubwoko bwa Yehova bumuhagarariye (Yes 43:12). Icyakora bananiwe gukomeza isezerano bagiranye n’Imana, maze mu mwaka wa 33, batakaza imishyikirano yihariye bari bafitanye na yo. Nyuma yaho gato Yehova ‘yitaye ku banyamahanga, kugira ngo abakuremo ubwoko bwitirirwa izina rye’ (Ibyak 15:14). Ubwo bwoko bushya bwari bumaze gutoranywa, bwiswe “Isirayeli y’Imana” igizwe n’abigishwa ba Kristo basutsweho umwuka bakomoka mu mahanga anyuranye.—Gal 6:16.

17. Ni uwuhe mugambi Satani yashoboye kugeraho?

¹⁷ Ahagana mu mwaka wa 44, abigishwa ba Kristo ‘biswe Abakristo biturutse ku Mana’ (Ibyak 11:26). Mu mizo ya mbere, iryo zina ryabatandukanyaga n’abandi, kuko ryerekezaga ku Bakristo b’ukuri gusa (1 Pet 4:16). Icyakora nk’uko umugani wa  Yesu w’urumamfu mu ngano ubigaragaza, Satani yashoboye kugera ku mugambi we wo gutuma izina ryihariye ry’Umukristo rikoreshwa ku Bakristo bose b’urwiganwa. Ibyo byatumye hashira ibinyejana byinshi hatariho itandukaniro rigaragara hagati y’Abakristo b’ukuri n’ab’urwiganwa. Ariko ibyo byatangiye guhinduka “mu gihe cy’isarura” cyatangiye mu mwaka wa 1914. Kubera iki? Kubera ko abamarayika batangiye gutandukanya Abakristo b’urwiganwa n’ab’ukuri.—Mat 13:30, 39-41.

18. Ni iki cyafashije abavandimwe bacu kubona ko bari bakeneye izina rishya?

¹⁸ Umugaragu wizerwa amaze gushyirwaho mu mwaka wa 1919, Yehova yafashije abagize ubwoko bwe gusobanukirwa umurimo yabashinze. Bahise basobanukirwa ko umurimo wo kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu ari wo wabatandukanyaga n’Abakristo b’urwiganwa bose. Bamaze kubisobanukirwa, nanone bahise babona ko kwitwa “Abigishwa ba Bibiliya” bitari bihagije ngo bibatandukanye n’abandi. Intego yabo y’ibanze ntiyari iyo kwiga Bibiliya gusa, ahubwo yari iyo guhamya ibyerekeye Imana, kubaha izina ry’Imana no kurishyira hejuru. None se, ni irihe zina ryari rikwiranye n’umurimo bakoraga? Icyo kibazo cyashubijwe mu mwaka wa 1931.

19, 20. (a) Ni ikihe cyemezo gishishikaje cyafatiwe mu ikoraniro ryabaye mu mwaka wa 1931? (b) Abavandimwe bacu bakiriye bate izina rishya?

¹⁹ Muri Nyakanga 1931, Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bagera ku 15.000 bateraniye mu ikoraniro ryabereye i Columbus ho muri Ohio, muri Amerika. Bakibona porogaramu y’ikoraniro, batewe amatsiko n’inyuguti ebyiri nini J na W zari ku gifubiko. Baribazaga bati ‘izi nyuguti zisobanura iki?’ Hari abatekerezaga ko zasobanuraga ko bagombaga kuba maso, abandi bagatekereza ko zasobanuraga ko bagombaga gutegereza. Hanyuma ku cyumweru tariki ya 26 Nyakanga, umuvandimwe Joseph Rutherford yatangaje icyemezo cyari kirimo amagambo afite imbaraga agira ati “twifuza ko abantu bamenya ko guhera ubu twitwa Abahamya ba Yehova.” Icyo gihe abari bateranye bose basobanukiwe ko izo nyuguti zasobanuraga Abahamya ba Yehova (Jehovah’s Witnesses mu cyongereza), iryo rikaba ari izina rishingiye ku Byanditswe, muri Yesaya 43:10.

²⁰ Abari mu ikoraniro bamaze kumva icyo cyemezo baranguruye amajwi kandi bakoma mu mashyi biratinda. Abantu bari hirya no hino ku isi bakurikiranaga iyo disikuru kuri radiyo, bumvise uko abari i Columbus bakiranye ibyishimo icyo cyemezo. Ernest na Naomi Barber bari muri Ositaraliya bibuka uko byari byifashe, bagira bati “igihe abo muri Amerika bakomaga mu mashyi, abavandimwe bari i Melbourne basimbukiye hejuru, bakoma amashyi y’urufaya. Ntituzigera tubyibagirwa!” a

21. Ni mu buhe buryo izina rishya ryateje imbere umurimo wo kubwiriza?

²¹ Kwitwa izina rishingiye ku Byanditswe ry’Abahamya ba Yehova byongereye abagaragu ba Yehova imbaraga zo kwifatanya mu murimo wo kubwiriza. Edward Grimes n’umugore we Jessie bari abapayiniya muri Amerika, bakaba bari muri iryo koraniro ryabereye i Columbus mu mwaka wa 1931, bagize bati “twavuye  imuhira turi Abigishwa ba Bibiliya, dusubirayo turi Abahamya ba Yehova. Twari twishimiye ko noneho twari tubonye izina ryadufashaga guhesha ikuzo izina ry’Imana yacu.” Nyuma y’iryo koraniro, Abahamya bamwe na bamwe bakoreshaga uburyo bushya kugira ngo baheshe izina ry’Imana ikuzo. Bibwiraga ba nyir’inzu babahereza agakarita kariho ubutumwa bugira buti “Umuhamya wa YEHOVA ubwiriza Ubwami bw’Imana yacu YEHOVA.” Koko rero, abagize ubwoko bw’Imana baterwaga ishema no kwitirirwa izina rya Yehova, kandi bari biteguye kwamamaza ku isi hose icyo risobanura.—Yes 12:4.

22. Ni iki kigaragaza ko abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova batandukanye n’abandi?

²² Hashize imyaka myinshi Yehova atumye abavandimwe bacu basutsweho umwuka bafata izina ribatandukanya n’abandi. Ese bamaze gufata iryo zina, Satani yaba yarashoboye gutera urujijo rutuma abantu batamenya abagize ubwoko bw’Imana abo ari bo? Ese yaba yarashoboye gutuma tuzimirira mu madini yo muri iyi si? Oya rwose! Ahubwo kuba turi abahamya b’Imana, bituma dutandukana n’andi madini kuruta mbere hose. (Soma muri Mika 4:5; Malaki 3:18.) Mu by’ukuri, twamenyekaniye cyane ku izina ry’Imana, ku buryo umuntu wese urikoresha abantu bahita batekereza ko ari Umuhamya wa Yehova. Aho kugira ngo gahunda yo gusenga Yehova mu kuri ipfukiranwe n’imisozi y’ikigereranyo y’amadini y’ibinyoma, ubu ‘yakomerejwe hejuru y’impinga z’imisozi’ (Yes 2:2). Muri iki gihe, gahunda yo gusenga Yehova n’izina rye ryera, byashyizwe hejuru rwose.

23. Dukurikije ibivugwa muri Zaburi ya 121:5, ni ukuhe kuri kw’ingenzi kwerekeye Yehova kudukomeza cyane?

²³ Kumenya ko Yehova azatubera ingabo idukingira ibitero Satani atugabaho muri iki gihe n’ibyo azatugabaho mu gihe kizaza, biradukomeza cyane (Zab 121:5)! Dufite impamvu zumvikana zituma twumva dufite ibyiyumvo nk’iby’umwanditsi wa Zaburi wanditse ati “hahirwa ishyanga rifite Yehova ho Imana yaryo, kimwe n’abantu yatoranyije akabagira umurage we.”—Zab 33:12.