1, 2. (a) Chifukwa wuli Yesu wakatutuzgira boti mu maji? (b) Kasi ŵasambiri ŵakugomezgeka ŵakachita wuli nga ni Yesu, ndipo chifukwa wuli?

APO Yesu wakaŵa mumphepete mwa nyanja, wumba ukamuwungilira. Kweni iyo wakakwera boti ndipo ŵanthu ŵakalitutuzgira mu maji cha pataliko. Chifukwa wuli wakachita nthena? Wakakhumbanga kuti wumba wose upulike makora ivyo wakasambizganga.—Ŵerengani Mariko 4:1, 2.

² Pambere Ufumu wa Chiuta undambe kuwusa kweniso ukati wamba kuwusa, ŵasambiri ŵakugomezgeka ŵakachita nga ni Yesu kuti ŵafikire ŵanthu ŵanandi na makani ghawemi. Ŵakagaŵiranga mabuku na vinyake pakupharazga uthenga wa Ufumu. Yesu wakulongozga ŵateŵeti ŵake kuti ŵalutilire kuyezga nthowa zose pakuchita ntchito iyi. Kweniso chifukwa cha tekinoloje, tikusintha nthowa zakupharazgira. Tikukhumba kupharazgira ŵanthu ŵanandi pambere umaliro undafike. (Mat. 24:14) Wonani nthowa zinyake izo ŵateŵeti ŵa Chiuta ŵayezgapo kuti ŵapharazgire ŵanthu kulikose. Kweniso tiwonenge ivyo nase tingachita pakupharazga makani ghawemi.

3. Chifukwa wuli ŵalongozgi ŵa visopa ŵakakwiya na upharazgi withu wa mu manyuzipepara?

³ Manyuzipepara: Kufuma mu 1879, Mubali Russell na ŵanyake ŵakapharazganga unenesko wa Ufumu kwizira mu Gongwe la Mulinda. Ndipo uthenga uwu ukafikiranga ŵanthu ŵanandi. Kweni apo chaka cha 1914 chikaŵa pafupi, vikuwoneka kuti Khristu wakasintha vinthu mwakuti makani ghawemi ghafikire ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene. Vinthu vikamba kusintha mu 1903. Mu chaka ichi, Dr. E. L. Eaton, muyowoyeri wa ŵalara ŵa matchalitchi mu Pennsylvania, wakalembera kalata Charles Taze Russell, kumususka pa nkhani zinyake za mu Baibolo. Eaton wakati: “Chingaŵa chiwemi kuti waliyose walongosore chigaŵa chake mu nyuzipepara pa nkhani zakuzirwa izo tikupambana, mwakuti ŵanthu ŵawone uyo wakuneneska.” Russell na ŵanyake ŵakawona kuti nkhani izi ŵanthu ŵangakondwa nazo,  ntheura ŵakanozga kuti zilembeke mu nyuzipepara yakumanyikwa chomene ya Pittsburgh Gazette. Ŵanthu ŵakatemwanga chomene nkhani izo Russell wakalembanga, chifukwa wakalongosoranga makora unenesko wa mu Baibolo. Ntheura, ŵeneko ŵa nyuzipepara ŵakajipeleka kuti Russell waŵikengemo nkhani zake sabata yiliyose. Ivi vikakwiyiska ŵalongozgi ŵa visopa.

4, 5. Kasi Mubali Russell wakajiyuyura wuli, ndipo awo ŵali na udindo mu gulu la Chiuta, ŵakusambirako vichi?

⁴ Pamasinda, ŵanyake ŵakakhumbanga kuti mu manyuzipepara ghawo muŵenge nkhani za Russell. Mu 1908, Gongwe la Mulinda likati nkhani za Russell zikalembekanga mu “manyuzipepara 11.” Ŵabali awo ŵakamanyanga vya manyuzipepara ŵakasachizga kuti para Russell wangasamuskira maofesi ku tawuni yakumanyikwa kuluska Pittsburgh, ndikuti nkhani zake zilembekenge mu manyuzipepara ghanandi. Mubali Russell wakaghanaghanirapo ivi, ntheura mu 1909, wakasamuskira maofesi ku Brooklyn, New York. Kasi ntchivichi chikachitika? Mu myezi yichoko waka, nkhani za mu Baibolo izi zikasangikanga mu manyuzipepara ghakujumpha 400. Kweni pakaŵaso manyuzipepara ghanyake agho ghakajipelekanga. Ndipo Ufumu wati wamba kuwusa mu 1914, nkhani za mu Baibolo zikalembekanga mu viyowoyero vinayi mu manyuzipepara ghakujumpha 2,000.

⁵ Kasi tikusambirako vichi kwa Russell? Awo ŵali na udindo mu gulu la Chiuta ŵakwenera kuŵa ŵakujiyuyura nga ni Russell. Para ŵakudumura chakuchita, ntchiwemi kughanaghaniraso masachizgo gha ŵanji.—Ŵerengani Zintharika 15:22.

6. Kasi uthenga uwo ukalembekanga mu manyuzipepara ukawovwira wuli ŵanthu?

⁶ Uthenga wa Ufumu uwo ukalembekanga mu manyuzipepara ukawovwira chomene ŵanthu kuti ŵasinthe. (Heb. 4:12) Mwachiyelezgero, Ora Hetzel, wakabatizika mu 1917. Wakasambira unenesko kwizira mu nkhani zenezizi. Iyo wakati: “Nati natengwa, nkhaluta ku Rochester, Minnesota kukawona amama. Nkhati nafika, nkhasanga amama ŵakucheketa tumapepara mu nyuzipepara. Pa tumapepara utu pakaŵa nkhani izo zikalembeka na Russell. Ntheura ŵakanilongosolera vinthu ivyo ŵakasambira mu nkhani izi.” Ora wakamanya unenesko ndipo waŵa mupharazgi wa Ufumu wa Chiuta kwa vyaka 60.

7. Chifukwa wuli ŵabali ŵakaleka kupharazga mu manyuzipepara?

⁷ Mu 1916, ŵabali ŵakaleka kupharazga kwizira mu manyuzipepara. Pakaŵa vinthu viŵiri ivyo vikapangiska. Chakwamba, chikaŵa chakusuzga kusanga vinthu vyakukhumbikwa pakupanga manyuzipepara chifukwa cha Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Charu Chose. Mu 1916, dipatimenti yithu yakuwona vya manyuzipepara ku Britain yikati: “Pasono tili waka na manyuzipepara ghakujumpha 30 agho  ghakupulinta nkhani zithu. Kweni vikuwoneka kuti nambara iyi yikhirenge chomene chifukwa mapepara ngakudura.” Chachiŵiri, Mubali Russell wakafwa pa Okutobala 31, 1916. Ntheura Gongwe la Mulinda Lachingelezi la Disembala 15, 1916 likati: “Pakuti Mubali Russell wafwa, taleka kulemba nkhani zake [mu manyuzipepara].” Nangauli ŵakaleka kupharazga kwizira mu manyuzipepara, kweni ŵakalutilira kupharazga na Sinema Yakulongosora Chilengiwa.

8. Kasi mu “Sinema Yakulongosora Chilengiwa” mukaŵa vichi?

⁸ Sinema. Russell pamoza na ŵanyake ŵakapanga Sinema Yakulongosora Chilengiwa. Pakatora vyaka vitatu kuti yimare, ndipo yikafuma mu 1914. (Zinth. 21:5) Mu sinema iyi, ŵakalongoranga vithuzithuzi na kuvilongosora. Ŵakasanga nthowa yakuti vithuzithuzi vinyake viwonekenge nga ni vyanadi. Nakuti mu sinema iyi ŵakagwiliskira ntchito ŵanthu ŵanandi kweniso vinyama pakulongosora nkhani za mu Baibolo . Lipoti linyake mu 1913, likati: “Vithuzithuzi vinandi ivyo ŵakalongora pa chigaŵa cha Nowa, ŵakavijambura ku malo ghakusungirako vinyama.” Ŵanthu ŵakumanya kujambura ŵakufuma ku London, New York, Paris, na Philadelphia, ŵakatozga chithuzithuzi chilichose mu filimu iyi.

9. Chifukwa wuli ŵakamalirapo nyengo kweniso ndalama pakupanga sinema?

⁹ Chifukwa wuli ŵakamalirapo nyengo na ndalama pakupanga filimu iyi? Pa ungano wa chigaŵa mu 1913, pakayowoyeka fundo yakuti: “Ŵanthu ŵakutemwa chomene makatuni na vithuzithuzi. Ntheura, nase tawona kuti iyi ni nthowa yiwemi chomene yakovwilira ŵanthu kuti ŵasambire Baibolo. Ndipo tikugomezga kuti ŵapharazgi ŵa Ufumu ŵakondwenge nayo.”

10. Kasi sinema iyi ŵakayiwoneska nkhu?

¹⁰ Mu 1914, Sinema iyi ŵakayiwoneskanga mu misumba 80 zuŵa lililose. Vikulongora kuti ŵanthu pafupifupi 8 miliyoni ŵakawonelera Sinema iyi mu America na Canada. Mu chaka chenechicho, Sinema iyi ŵakayiwoneska ku Australia, Britain, Denmark, Finland, Germany, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, na Switzerland. Ŵakapangaso sinema yinyake ya vithuzithuzi, iyo ŵakayiwoneskanga mu matawuni ghachokoghachoko. Sinema iyi yikachemekanga “Eureka,” ndipo yikarya ndalama zinandi yayi pakupanga, nakuti yikaŵa yipusu kwenda nayo. Vikulongora kuti mu 1916, yimoza mwa masinema ghaŵiri agha, yikang’anamulika mu Chiameniya, Chinorowe, Chifurenchi, Chijeremani, Chigiriki, Chitaliyani, Chipolishi, Chisipanishi, na Chiswedishi.

11, 12. Kasi munyamata munyake wakakhwaskika wuli wati wawonelera sinema iyi, ndipo tingasambirapo vichi?

¹¹ Charles Rohner, munyamata wa vyaka 18, wakakhwaskika chomene wati wawonelera Sinema iyi mu Chifurenchi. Iyo wakati: “Ŵakayiwoneska mu tawuni yithu ya Colmar, mu France. Unenesko wa mu Baibolo ukalongosoreka makora mu sinema iyi kufuma pakwamba m’paka paumaliro.”

¹² Ntheura, Charles wakabatizika, ndipo mu 1922 wakamba uteŵeti wanyengozose. Wakapika mulimo wakuti wawoneskenge sinema iyi mu France. Iyo wakati: “Nkhapika milimo yinandi: Nkhalizganga gitara, nkhaŵa muteŵeti wa maakaunti, nkhagaŵanga mabuku, kweniso nkhaphaliranga ŵanthu kuti ŵaleke kupanga chiwawa pambere maungano ghandambe. Pakupumura, tikagaŵanga mabuku. Waliyose wakaŵa na malo ghake, kwali ni mubali kwali ni mudumbu. Waliyose wakaŵanga na mabuku mu mawoko na kugaŵira munthu waliyose apo wakhala. Kweniso pa mulyango ukuru wa holo, tikaŵa na mathebulu agho pakaŵanga mabuku ghanandi.” Mu 1925, Charles wakamba kuteŵetera pa Beteli, ku Brooklyn, New York. Mubali uyu wakapika  mulimo wakuti walizgenge ving’wenyeng’wenye pa wayilesi ya WBBR, iyo yikaŵa kuti yamba waka. Pakuwona umo wakachitira Mubali Rohner, nase tingajifumba kuti, ‘Kasi nane ningazomera mulimo uliwose uwo ningapika, mwakuti ntchito ya kupharazga yende makora?’—Ŵerengani Yesaya 6:8.

13, 14. Kasi wayilesi yikawovwira wuli pa mulimo wa kupharazga? (Wonaniso bokosi la mutu wakuti “ Mapulogiramu gha pa WBBR” na lakuti “ Ungano Wambura Kuluwika.”)

¹³ Wayilesi. M’ma 1920, ŵakawoneskanga viŵi yayi Sinema Yakulongosora Chilengiwa. M’malo mwake ŵakamba kupharazga makani ghawemi gha Ufumu pa wayilesi. Pa Epulero 16, 1922, Mubali Rutherford, wakayowoya nkhani yake yakwamba iyo yikapulikikwa pa wayilesi. Nkhani iyi wakayowoyera mu Metropolitan Opera House ku Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Ŵanthu pafupifupi 50,000 ŵakategherezga nkhani iyi, ya mutu wakuti “Ŵanandi Awo Mbamoyo Sono Ŵafwenge Yayi.” Mu 1923, ŵanthu ŵakategherezgaso nkhani za ungano wa chigaŵa pa wayilesi. Ntheura awo ŵakalongozganga pa mulimo wa kupharazga ŵakawona kuti chingaŵa makora kuti tiŵe na wayilesi yithu na yithu. Wayilesi yakwamba yikaŵa ku Staten Island, New York, ndipo yikachemekanga WBBR. Wayilesi iyi yikamba kugwira ntchito pa Febuluwale 24, 1924.

¹⁴ Pakuyowoya za chilato cha wayilesi iyi, Gongwe la Mulinda Lachingelezi la Disembala 1, 1924, likati: “Kupharazga unenesko wa mu Baibolo pa Wayilesi ni nthowa yiwemi chomene, kweniso njambura kunanga ndalama zinandi. Usange Fumu yawona kuti ntchakwenelera kuti tiŵeso na mawayilesi ghanyake ghakuti tipharazgirenge unenesko, yitipenge ndalama.” (Sal. 127:1) Kufika mu 1926, Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova ŵakaŵa na masiteshoni gha wayilesi 6. Ku America, kukaŵa ghaŵiri, WBBR na WORD. Ghanyake ghanayi ghakaŵa ku Canada.

15, 16. (a) Kasi ŵalongozgi ŵa matchalitchi ŵakachita wuli ŵati ŵamanya kuti tikupharazga pa wayilesi? (b) Kasi pakaŵa kukolerana wuli pakati pa kupharazga pa wayilesi na ku nyumba na nyumba?

¹⁵ Unenesko ukathandazgika chomene, ndipo ŵalongozgi ŵa matchalitchi ŵakachita sanji. Albert Hoffman, uyo wakamanyanga umo ntchito yikenderanga ku siteshoni ya Saskatchewan, ku Canada, wakati: “Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kuŵamanya makora Ŵasambiri ŵa Baibolo.” Mulimo wa kupharazga pa wayilesi ukendanga makora chomene m’paka mu 1928. Kweni mu chaka ichi ŵalongozgi ŵa matchalitchi ŵakachichizga Boma kuti lipoke layisensi ya masiteshoni ghose gha Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova mu Canada.”

¹⁶ Nangauli ŵakajara mawayilesi ghithu ku Canada, ŵabali ŵakalutilira kuyowoya nkhani za mu Baibolo pa mawayilesi ghakulipira. (Mat. 10:23) Kuti ŵanthu ŵamanye kuti mapulogiramu agha ghakulutilira pa wayilesi, mu Gongwe la Mulinda na Wukani!, mukaŵanga mazina gha  masiteshoni agho pakaŵanga mapulogiramu agha. Ntheura awo ŵakapharazganga nyumba na nyumba ŵakachiskanga ŵanthu kuti ŵajurenge masiteshoni agha. Kasi ntchivichi chikachitika? Uteŵeti Withu wa Ufumu wa Janyuwale 1931, ukati: “Wayilesi yikawovwira chomene ŵabali awo ŵakapharazganga nyumba na nyumba. Tikapokera malipoti ghanandi ghakuti ŵanthu ŵakajuranga masiteshoni agha. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti ŵakategherezganga nkhani za Mubali Rutherford, ŵakapokeranga mabuku ghithu kwambura suzgo.” Kweniso Uteŵeti Withu wa Ufumu ukati, upharazgi wa pa wayilesi na upharazgi wa nyumba na nyumba ni “nthowa ziŵiri zikuru izo gulu likupharazgira.”

17, 18. Kasi wayilesi yikalutilira wuli kovwira pa mulimo wa kupharazga nangauli vinthu vikasintha?

¹⁷ M’ma 1930, awo ŵakatinkhanga mulimo withu, ŵakamba kukanizga kuti tipharazgenge pa mawayilesi ghakulipira. Ntheura, mu 1937, ŵanthu ŵa Yehova ŵakasanga nthowa yinyake. Ŵakaleka kupharazga pa wayilesi na kulutizga kupharazga nyumba na nyumba. * Ndipouli, makani ghawemi ghakalutilira kupharazgika pa wayilesi ku mizi na vigaŵa vinyake. Mwachiyelezgero, mu 1951 m’paka 1991, pa wayilesi yinyake ku West Berlin pakaŵa pulogiramu ya nkhani za mu Baibolo. Nkhani izi zikawovwira kuti awo ŵakakhalanga ku East Germany, ŵapulike uthenga wa Ufumu. Kwamba mu 1961, pa wayilesi ya boma ku Suriname, South America, sabata yiliyose pakaŵanga pulogiramu ya nkhani za mu Baibolo ya maminiti 15. Ivi vikachitika kwa vyaka vyakujumpha 30. Kwamba mu 1969 m’paka 1977, gulu likafumiska nkhani zakuchita kujambura zakujumpha 350. Mutu ukuru wa nkhani izi ukaŵa wakuti “Malemba Ghose Ngachandulo.” Ku America, masiteshoni 291, ghakaŵa na pulogiramu ya nkhani izi mu vigaŵa 48. Ndipo mu 1996, pa wayilesi yinyake ku Apia, South Pacific, sabata yiliyose pakaŵanga pulogiramu ya mutu wakuti “Baibolo Likuzgora Mafumbo Ghinu.”

¹⁸ Kuumaliro wa ma 1990, wayilesi yikaŵaso nthowa yikuru yakupharazgira yayi. Ndipouli, tikasanga nthowa yinyake iyo yikovwira kuti tipharazgire ŵanthu ŵanandi chomene pa charu chapasi.

19, 20. Chifukwa wuli Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova ŵali na Webusayiti ya jw.org, ndipo njakovwira wuli? (Wonaniso bokosi la mutu wakuti “ JW.ORG.”)

¹⁹ Intaneti. Mu 2013, ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 2.7 biliyoni, ŵakaŵa kuti ŵali na mwaŵi wa Intaneti. Vikulongora kuti ŵanthu 2 biliyoni, ŵakaŵa na mwaŵi wa kujura Intaneti pa kompyuta, foni, na vinthu vinyake. Chiŵelengero chikukwera zuŵa na zuŵa, chomenechomene muno mu Africa, nakuti ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 90 miliyoni ŵali na mwaŵi wa Intaneti. Ntheura, mazuŵa ghano ŵanthu ŵakusanga luŵiro vinthu ivyo ŵakukhumba pa Intaneti.

 ²⁰ Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova ŵakamba kugwiliskira ntchito nthowa iyi kwamba mu 1997. Ndipo mu 2013, Webusayiti ya jw.org yikaŵa mu viyowoyero 300, ndipo pali nkhani za mu Baibolo izo munthu wangakopera mu viyowoyero vyakujumpha 520. Zuŵa lililose ŵanthu ŵakujumpha 750,000, ŵakujura jw.org. Kweniso mwezi uliwose ŵanthu ŵakuwonelera mavidiyo, na kukopera mabuku ghakujumpha 3 miliyoni, magazini 4 miliyoni, kweniso sumu panji nkhani zakutegherezga zakujumpha 22 miliyoni.

21. Kasi tikusambirapo vichi pa ivyo vikachitikira Sina?

²¹ Webusayiti yawovwira chomene pakupharazga makani ghawemi gha Ufumu wa Chiuta, nanga nkhu vyaru ivyo mulimo withu ngwakukanizgika. Mwachiyelezgero, mu 2013 munthu munyake zina lake Sina, wati wabowozga Webusayiti ya jw.org, wakimba foni ku likuru la Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova pa charu chose, ku United States. Wakafumba kuti wamanye vinandi vya Baibolo. Ichi chikaŵa chakuzizika. Munthu uyu wakakulira mu “Chisilamu, ndipo uko wakakhalanga Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova ŵakaŵa ŵanangwa viŵi yayi kupharazga. Ntheura, Kaboni munyake wa ku America, wakamba kusambira nayo Baibolo pa Intaneti, kaŵiri pa sabata.

22, 23. (a) Kasi yilipo nthowa ya kupharazgira iyo yinganjira m’malo mwa kupharazga nyumba na nyumba? Longosorani. (b) Kasi Yesu watumbika wuli mulimo withu?

²² Pa nthowa zose zakupharazgira izo tadumbiskana mu nkhani iyi, palije iyo yinganjira mu malo mwa kupharazga nyumba na nyumba. Chifukwa wuli? Chifukwa ŵanthu ŵa Chiuta ŵakuyezga Yesu. Iyo wakapharazgiranga waka wumba  yayi, kweni wakawovwiranga munthu waliyose payekha. (Luka 19:1-5) Kweniso Yesu wakasambizga ŵasambiri ŵake kuti nawo ndimo ŵachitirenge, ndipo wakaŵapa uthenga wakuti ŵapharazgenge. (Ŵerengani Luka 10:1, 8-11.) Mu Mutu 6, tikasambira kuti ŵabali awo ŵakalongozganga pa mulimo wa kupharazga, ŵakachiskanga ŵateŵeti ŵa Yehova kuti ŵapharazgirenge munthu maso na maso.—Mil. 5:42; 20:20.

²³ Sono Ufumu wa Chiuta wawusa kuchanya vyaka 100. Ndipo ŵapharazgi pafupifupi 8 miliyoni ŵakusambizga ŵanji khumbo la Chiuta. Tikumanya kuti Themba lithu Yesu Khristu, latumbika nthowa zose izo tayezga kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵapulike vya Ufumu. Mu Mutu wapanthazi, tiwonenge ivyo Yesu wali kutipa kuti vitovwire kuthandazga makani ghawemi ku mtundu uliwose, fuko, na lulimi.—Chivu. 14:6.