Mbese, ushaka kugumana amafaranga yawe, cyangwa ubuzima bwawe?

Ushobora kuba warigeze kumva iby’amabandi yafatiye imbunda hejuru y’uwo yari yateye amusaba ati “duhe amafaranga cyangwa tukwice!” Muri iki gihe, icyo kibazo kizwi cyane kigaragaza ingorane zikomeye duhura na zo twese—cyane cyane abatuye mu bihugu bikize. Icyakora, ubu bwo si amabandi atubaza icyo kibazo. Ahubwo, ni ukuntu umuryango w’abantu ugenda urushaho kwibanda cyane ku kugira amafaranga n’ubutunzi bw’ibintu by’umubiri.

UKO kwibanda ku mafaranga byatumye havuka ibibazo bishya n’ibintu bishya bihangayikisha abantu. Umuntu yagombye kwiruka inyuma y’amafaranga n’ubutunzi bw’ibintu by’umubiri mu rugero rungana iki? Mbese, dushobora kunyurwa no gutunga ibintu bike? Mbese, mu by’ukuri, abantu baba barimo bahara “ubugingo nyakuri” kugira ngo bakunde bironkere ubutunzi? Mbese, amafaranga ni itike ijyana mu mibereho y’ibyishimo?

Kwihebera Amafaranga

Mu byifuzo by’abantu hamwe n’ibyo bakunda cyane—byaba byemewe cyangwa bitemewe—usanga gukunda amafaranga bishaka kubitegekera. Mu buryo bunyuranye n’irari ry’ibitsina n’ibyokurya, irari ryo gukunda amafaranga mu buryo burengeje urugero ryo rishobora kugumaho ntirishire. Imyaka y’iza bukuru isa n’aho itaricubya. Akenshi, uko umuntu agenda arushaho gusaza, mu by’ukuri ashobora kugenda arushaho gushishikazwa cyangwa guhangayikishwa n’amafaranga n’ibyo ashobora kuyagura.

Umururumba w’amafaranga usa n’aho ugenda wiyongera. Umukinnyi w’ibanze wa sinema imwe ikunzwe n’abantu benshi yagize ati “umururumba ni ingirakamaro. Umururumba ni mwiza.” N’ubwo abantu benshi bavugaga ko mu myaka ya za 80 cyari Igihe cy’Umururumba, ibyabaye mbere y’icyo gihe na nyuma yaho bigaragaza ko imyifatire abantu bagira ku mafaranga nta cyo yagiye ihindukaho mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi.

Igishobora kuba ari gishya, ni uko abantu benshi cyane babona uburyo bwo guhaza ako kanya icyifuzo cyabo cyo gushaka byinshi kurushaho. Birasa n’aho igihe hafi ya cyose abantu benshi ku isi bakoresha imbaraga zabo hafi ya zose bakora ibindi bintu byinshi kurushaho byo mu buryo bw’umubiri kandi bakabishaka. Ushobora kuba wemera ko mu buzima bwa none, kugira umutungo no gukoresha amafaranga byahindutse intego ishishikaza abantu benshi—kandi akenshi ugasanga bashakisha uburyo bushya bwo kuyashaka.

Ariko se, ibyo byatumye abantu barushaho kugira ibyishimo? Mu gusubiza icyo kibazo, mu myaka igera ku 3.000 ishize, Umwami w’umunyabwenge Salomo wari ukize cyane, yaranditse ati “ukunda ifeza ntabwo ahaga ifeza; n’ukunda kunguka byinshi na we ni uko: ibyo na byo ni ubusa.” (Umubwiriza 5:9, umurongo wa 10 muri Biblia Yera.) Ubushakashatsi bwo muri iki gihe ku bihereranye n’imibanire y’abantu n’ibikorwa byabo bugera ku myanzuro nk’iyo ishishikaje.

Amafaranga n’Ibyishimo

Kimwe mu bintu bitangaje cyane byavumbuwe ku birebana n’imyifatire y’abantu, ni uko kwirundanyiriza amafaranga n’ibintu by’umubiri bidatuma byanze bikunze umuntu arushaho kunyurwa no kugira ibyishimo. Ikintu abashakashatsi benshi baje kubona, ni uko iyo umuntu ageze ku mutungo utubutse mu rugero runaka, ibyiyumvo bye byo kunyurwa no kugira ibyishimo bidaterwa n’ubwinshi bw’ibintu by’umubiri ashobora kubona.

Bityo, kwiruka inyuma y’ubutunzi bw’iby’umubiri n’amafaranga mu buryo butagira rutangira, bituma abantu benshi basigara bibaza bati ‘dusa n’aho twishimira buri kintu cyose mu bintu bishya tuguze; ariko se, iyo tumaze kugenzura ibintu byose, kuki ibyo  bidushimisha bidatuma twumva turushijeho kunyurwa?’

Mu gitabo cye cyitwa Happy People, umwanditsi Jonathan Freedman agira ati “iyo umaze kugera ku ntera yo kugira amafaranga make ukeneye, umubare w’amafaranga ufite nta gaciro kenshi uba ugifite mu birebana no kukuzanira ibyishimo. Iyo umuntu arenze urwego rw’ubukene, isano riri hagati y’amafaranga yinjiza n’ibyishimo afite riba ari rito cyane.” Abantu benshi babonye ko ikintu gituma umuntu agira ibyishimo rwose ari ukugira ubutunzi bwo mu buryo bw’umwuka, kugira intego zifite ireme mu buzima no kugira imico myiza. Ikindi kintu cy’ingenzi ni ukubana neza n’abandi no kuba nta we dufitanye ibibazo cyangwa nta bintu bidutsikamira bishobora kutubuza kwishimira ibyo dufite.

Hari benshi babona ko umuzi w’ingorane zose z’umuryango wo muri iki gihe ari uko usanga abantu bashaka gukoresha uburumbuke bw’ubutunzi mu gukemura ibibazo mu by’ukuri byimbitse byo mu byiyumvo. Abantu bamwe batanga ibitekerezo ku birebana n’imyifatire y’abantu bavuga ko muri rusange abantu bihebye kandi bakaba batanyuzwe. Nanone kandi, bavuga ko abantu benshi kurushaho bo mu bihugu bikize usanga bagisha inama abaganga cyangwa bagashakira intego y’ubuzima n’amahoro yo mu bwenge ku bayobozi b’amadini, mu migenzo y’amadini no mu matsinda y’abantu bihandagaza bavuga ko bashoboye gutanga umuti. Ibyo bigaragaza ko kugira ubutunzi bidatuma umuntu agira intego nyakuri mu buzima.

Aho Amafaranga Agira Ububasha n’Aho Atabugira

Icyakora, amafaranga agira ububasha. Ashobora kugura amazu meza, imyenda y’akataraboneka n’ibikoresho bihambaye byo mu nzu. Nanone kandi, ashobora gutuma abandi bagukunda, ukiha icyo ushaka, cyangwa agatuma abantu bagushyeshyenga, ndetse ashobora no gutuma ugira incuti z’igihe gito kandi zikwikundishaho. Ariko kandi, ububasha bw’amafaranga ni aho bugarukira. Ibintu dukenera cyane kurusha ibindi, amafaranga ntashobora kubigura—ntiyagura urukundo rw’incuti nyancuti, ntiyagura amahoro yo mu bwenge, ntiyagura n’agatanyu k’ihumure ry’umutima mu gihe umuntu yaba agiye gupfa. Kandi ku bantu bishimira imishyikirano bafitanye n’Umuremyi, amafaranga ntashobora kugura ukwemerwa n’Imana.

Umwami Salomo wari ufite ibintu byiza byose amafaranga yashoboraga kugura mu gihe cye, yiyemereye ko kwiringira ubutunzi bw’umubiri bidatuma umuntu agira ibyishimo birambye. (Umubwiriza 5:11-14, umurongo wa 12-15 muri Biblia Yera.) Amafaranga ashobora gutakara bitewe no guhomba kw’amabanki cyangwa guta agaciro kw’ifaranga. Isambu n’ibikorwa birimo bishobora gusenywa n’amahindu arimo imiyaga ikaze. N’ubwo amasosiyete y’ubwishingizi ashobora gusubiza ibyangiritse mu rugero runaka, ntiyishyura ibyo umuntu atakaza mu byiyumvo. Impapuro z’umurage n’umutungo ubikijwe bishobora guta agaciro mu ijoro rimwe gusa iyo habayeho kugwa k’ubukungu mu buryo butunguranye. Ndetse umuntu ashobora kuba afite akazi ahemberwa amafaranga menshi uyu munsi, ejo kakaba kahagaze.

None se, ni gute twagira imyifatire ishyize mu gaciro ku byerekeranye n’amafaranga? Ni uruhe ruhare amafaranga cyangwa gutunga ibintu byagombye kugira mu mibereho yacu? Komeza usuzume icyo kibazo kugira ngo ubone ukuntu ushobora gutunga ikintu cy’agaciro koko—ni ukuvuga “ubugingo nyakuri.”

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 4]

Gutunga ibintu by’umubiri ntibihesha umuntu ibyishimo birambye