Mawu a Yehova Ndi Amoyo

Mfundo Zazikulu za M’buku la Levitiko

PANALI pasanathe chaka kuchokera pamene Aisrayeli anamasulidwa ku ukapolo wa ku Igupto. Nthaŵiyi n’kuti atalinganizidwa kukhala mtundu watsopano, ndipo anali paulendo wopita ku dziko la Kanani. Cholinga cha Yehova chinali chakuti mtundu woyera udzakhale m’dziko limenelo. Koma moyo ndi miyambo yachipembedzo ya Akanani inali yoipa kwambiri. Motero Mulungu woona anapatsa mtundu wa Israyeli malamulo oti apatule mtunduwo kuti uzim’tumikira. Malamulo ameneŵa analembedwa m’buku la m’Baibulo la Levitiko. Bukuli linalembedwa ndi mneneri Mose m’chipululu cha Sinai, mwinamwake m’chaka cha 1512 Kristu Asanabwere, ndipo zimene zili m’bukuli zinachitika m’nthaŵi yosapitirira mwezi umodzi. (Eksodo 40:17; Numeri 1:1-3) Yehova analimbikitsa mobwerezabwereza omulambira ake kuti azikhala oyera.​—Levitiko 11:44; 19:2; 20:7, 26.

Mboni za Yehova masiku ano siziyendera Chilamulo chimene Mulungu anapereka kudzera mwa Mose. Imfa ya Yesu Kristu inathetsa Chilamulo chimenecho. (Aroma 6:14; Aefeso 2:11-16) Komabe, tingapindule ndi malamulo amene ali m’buku la Levitiko, chifukwa angatiphunzitse zambiri zokhudza kulambira Mulungu wathu, Yehova.

ZOPEREKA ZOPATULIKA​—ZOPEREKA MWAUFULU NDI ZOPEREKA MOLAMULIDWA

(Levitiko 1:1–7:38)

Zopereka zina ndiponso nsembe zina za Chilamulo zinali kuperekedwa mwaufulu, pamene zina anali kulamulidwa. Mwachitsanzo, nsembe yopsereza inali kuperekedwa mwaufulu. Nsembe yoteroyo inali kuperekedwa yonse kwa Mulungu, monga momwe Yesu Kristu anaperekera moyo wake nsembe ya dipo mofunitsitsa ndiponso wathunthu. Nsembe yoyamika, yomwe inkaperekedwa mwaufulu, inali yogaŵana. Mbali ina ya nsembeyo inali kuperekedwa kwa Mulungu pa guwa lansembe, mbali ina ankadya ndi wansembe, ndipo mbali inayo ankadya ndi munthu wobweretsa nsembeyo. Mofanana ndi zimenezi, kwa Akristu odzozedwa, Chikumbutso cha imfa ya Kristu ndi chakudya chogaŵana.​—1 Akorinto 10:16-22.

Nsembe zauchimo ndi nsembe zopalamula zinali zolamulidwa. Mtundu woyambawu wa nsembe unali kuperekedwa chifukwa cha machimo ochitidwa mwangozi. Nsembe zopalamula zinali zopembedzera Mulungu munthu akaphwanya ufulu wa mnzake, kapena zinkathandiza kuti munthu amene anachimwa ndipo walapa apezenso mwayi umene anali nawo asanachimwe, kapenanso zinkagwira ntchito pa zinthu ziŵiri zonsezo. Panalinso zopereka zaufa zimene zinkaperekedwa poyamikira Yehova chifukwa cha zimene wapatsa anthu mowoloŵa manja. Tili ndi chidwi ndi nkhani zonsezi chifukwa chakuti nsembe zomwe zinkafunika m’pangano la Chilamulo zinkaimira Yesu Kristu ndi nsembe yake kapena zinkaimira madalitso amene timapeza chifukwa cha nsembe ya Yesu.​—Ahebri 8:3-6; 9:9-14; 10:5-10.

 Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

2:11, 12​—N’chifukwa chiyani Yehova sankalandira uchi monga “nsembe yamoto”? Uchi umene autchula pano sungakhale uchi wa njuchi. Ngakhale kuti sunkaloledwa kukhala “nsembe yamoto,” anauphatikiza pa ‘zobala zoyamba za zipatso za m’minda.’ (2 Mbiri 31:5) Mwachionekere, uchi umenewu unali madzi a zipatso. Chifukwa chakuti ukanatha kuŵira, sunkalandiridwa monga chopereka pa guwa lansembe.

2:13​—N’chifukwa chiyani ‘chopereka chilichonse’ ankachithira mchere? Sikuti ankathira mchere pofuna kukometsa nsembezo. Anthu padziko lonse lapansi amagwiritsa ntchito mchere poteteza chinthu kuti chisavunde. Mosakayikira, ankaika mchere ku zopereka chifukwa chakuti umatanthauza kuti chinthucho n’chosawonongeka ndiponso chosawola.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

3:17. Popeza kuti mafuta ankaonedwa kuti ndiyo mbali yabwino kwambiri ya nyama, mwachionekere kuletsa kuti munthu asadye mafuta kunathandiza Aisrayeli kumvetsa kuti mbali yabwino kwambiri ndi ya Yehova. (Genesis 45:18) Izi zikutikumbutsa kuti tiyenera kupatsa Yehova zinthu zabwino koposa.​—Miyambo 3:9, 10; Akolose 3:23, 24.

7:26, 27. Aisrayeli sankayenera kudya mwazi. Kwa Mulungu, mwazi umaimira moyo. Levitiko 17:11 amati: “Moyo wa nyama ukhala m’mwazi.” Mpaka pano olambira oona amafunika kusala mwazi.​—Machitidwe 15:28, 29.

UNSEMBE WOPATULIKA UKHAZIKITSIDWA

(Levitiko 8:1–10:20)

Kodi ndani anapatsidwa udindo wogwira ntchito zokhudza nsembe ndi zopereka? Ansembe ndiwo anapatsidwa ntchito zimenezo. Malinga ndi malangizo a Mulungu, Mose anachititsa mwambo woika Aroni kukhala mkulu wa ansembe, ndi ana ake aamuna anayi kukhala ansembe aang’ono. Zikuoneka kuti mwambowu unatenga masiku asanu ndi aŵiri, ndipo ansembewo anayamba ntchito zawo tsiku lotsatira.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

9:9​—Kodi kuthira mwazi patsinde pa guwa lansembe ndi kuupaka pa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana kunali ndi tanthauzo lanji? Izi zinasonyeza kuti Yehova anavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito mwazi pa ntchito yoteteza. Makonzedwe onse oteteza anthu ku machimo ankakhudza kwambiri mwazi. Mtumwi Paulo analemba kuti: “Monga mwa chilamulo zitsala zinthu pang’ono zosayeretsedwa ndi mwazi, ndipo wopanda kukhetsa mwazi kulibe kumasuka.”​—Ahebri 9:22.

10:1, 2​—Kodi tchimo la ana a Aroni, Nadabu ndi Abihu, lingakhale kuti linaphatikizapo chiyani? Nadabu ndi Abihu atangotha kugwira mosayenerera ntchito zawo zaunsembe, Yehova analetsa ansembe kumwa vinyo kapena choledzeretsa chilichonse pamene ali ku chihema. (Levitiko 10:9) Izi zikusonyeza kuti mwina panthaŵiyo ana a Aroniwo anali atamwa mowa. Koma chifukwa chachikulu chomwe anafera n’chakuti anabwera ndi ‘moto wachilendo, umene [Yehova] sanawauze.’

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

10:1, 2. Atumiki a Yehova amene ali ndi maudindo masiku ano ayenera kutsatira zofuna za Mulungu. Komanso, sayenera kudzikuza pamene akugwira ntchito zomwe apatsidwa.

10:9. Sitiyenera kugwira ntchito zomwe Mulungu watipatsa titamwa mowa.

 MULUNGU AMAFUNA KUTI ANTHU OMULAMBIRA AKHALE OYERA

(Levitiko 11:1–15:33)

Aisrayeli anapindula paŵiri ndi malamulo a zakudya okhudza nyama zoyera ndi zodetsedwa. Malamulo ameneŵa anawathandiza kupeŵa matenda ndiponso anapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa iwo ndi mitundu yowazungulira. Malamulo ena anali okhudza kudetsedwa chifukwa cha mitembo, kuyeretsedwa kwa akazi akabereka, zofunika kuchita pankhani ya khate, ndiponso kukhala wodetsedwa chifukwa cha kukha kwa amuna ndi akazi. Ansembe ndiwo anali kusamalira nkhani zokhudza munthu wodetsedwa.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

12:2, 5​—N’chifukwa chiyani mkazi ankakhala “wodetsedwa” akabereka mwana? Ziwalo zoberekera zinapangidwa kuti zizibereka munthu wangwiro. Koma chifukwa cha uchimo wobadwa nawo, ana anapatsidwa moyo wopanda ungwiro ndi wochimwa. Kukhala “wodetsedwa” kwa nthaŵi yochepa chifukwa cha kubereka mwana, ndiponso zinthu zina, monga kukhala padera kwa akazi, kapena kuti kusamba, ndi kugona uipa kwa amuna, kapena kuti kutulutsa ubwamuna, kunali kuwakumbutsa Aisrayeliwo za uchimo wobadwa nawo umenewu. (Levitiko 15:16-24; Salmo 51:5; Aroma 5:12) Malamulo omwe analipo othandiza kuti munthu ayeretsedwe anali kuthandiza Aisrayeli kuzindikira kufunika kwa nsembe ya dipo yophimba uchimo wa anthu ndi kuwabwezeretsa ku ungwiro. Motero, Chilamulo chinakhala ‘namkungwi wawo wakuwafikitsa kwa Kristu.’​—Agalatiya 3:24.

15:16-18​—Kodi ‘kugona uipa’ kotchulidwa m’mavesiŵa n’kutani? Mwachionekere apa akunena za mwamuna akalota akugona ndi mkazi ndiponso za kugonana kwa m’banja.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

11:45. Yehova Mulungu ndi woyera ndipo amafuna kuti anthu ochita utumiki wake wopatulika akhale oyera. Ayenera kukhala oyera nthaŵi zonse, mwakuthupi ndi mwauzimu.​—2 Akorinto 7:1; 1 Petro 1:15, 16.

12:8. Yehova analola anthu osauka kuti azipereka mbalame monga nsembe m’malo mwa nkhosa yomwe inali yokwera mtengo. Iye amaganizira anthu osauka.

N’KOFUNIKA KUPITIRIZA KUKHALA OYERA

(Levitiko 16:1–27:34)

Nsembe za uchimo zofunika kwambiri zinali kuperekedwa pa Tsiku la Chitetezo lomwe linkachitika kamodzi pachaka. Ansembe ndiponso anthu a fuko la Levi ankawaperekera ng’ombe. Mafuko a Israyeli amene simunkachokera ansembe ankawaperekera mbuzi. Mbuzi ina ankaitaya yamoyo kuti ipite kuchipululu pambuyo poti wansembe wavomereza machimo a anthu atasanjika manja ake pa mbuziyo. Mbuzi ziŵirizi ankaziona monga nsembe imodzi yauchimo. Zonsezi zinkasonyeza mfundo yakuti Yesu Kristu adzaperekedwa nsembe ndi kuchotsa machimo a anthu.

Malamulo okhudza kudya nyama ndiponso a zinthu zina amatsindika mfundo yakuti  tifunika kukhala oyera pamene tikulambira Yehova. Mogwirizana ndi zimenezi, ansembe anafunika kukhala oyera. Madyerero atatu apachaka anali nthaŵi ya chikondwerero chachikulu ndi yoyamikira Mlengi. Yehova anapatsanso anthu ake malamulo okhudza anthu amene adetsa dzina lake loyera, kusunga Sabata ndi Chaka Choliza Lipenga, kukhala ndi anthu osauka, ndiponso kusunga akapolo. Madalitso amene akanalandira chifukwa chomvera Mulungu akusiyanitsidwa ndi matemberero omwe akanakumana nawo chifukwa cha kusamvera. Palinso malamulo a zopereka zokhudza zowinda ndi miyeso ya zinthu, zoyamba kubadwa za nyama, ndi kupereka chakhumi chilichonse monga chinthu ‘chopatulikira Yehova.’

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

16:29​—Kodi Aisrayeli ‘akanadzichepetsa’ motani? Kudzichepetsaku kunkachitika pa Tsiku la Chitetezo, popempha kukhululukidwa machimo. Zikuoneka kuti nthaŵi imeneyo anthu ankasala kudya povomereza kuti anali ochimwa. Motero, n’zosakayikitsa kuti mmene amanena za ‘kudzichepetsa’ anali kunena za kusala kudya.

19:27​—Kodi lamulo lakuti “musamameta mduliro” kapena “kusenga m’mphepete” mwa ndevu linkatanthauzanji? Lamulo ili mwachionekere linaperekedwa pofuna kuletsa Ayuda kuti asamadulire ndevu kapena tsitsi lawo potengera miyambo yachikunja. (Yeremiya 9:25, 26; 25:23; 49:32) Koma sikuti lamulo la Mulungu linatanthauza kuti Ayuda sayenera kudulira ndevu.​—2 Samueli 19:24.

25:35-37​—Kodi kufuna chiwongoladzanja kunali kolakwika nthaŵi zonse kwa Aisrayeli? Ngati munthu wabwereka ndalama kuti akachitire bizinesi, wobwereketsayo ankatha kuuza wobwerekayo kuti podzabweza adzaperekenso chiwongoladzanja. Koma Chilamulo chinaletsa kuuza munthu kuti adzapereke chiwongoladzanja pa ngongole yomwe watenga chifukwa cha umphawi. Kunali kulakwa kupezera phindu pa mavuto a zachuma amene mnansi wawo wakumana nawo.​—Eksodo 22:25.

26:19​—Kodi ‘thambo lingakhale ngati chitsulo ndi dziko ngati mkuwa’ motani? Chifukwa cha kusoŵa kwa mvula, thambo la ku dziko la Kanani likanaoneka lolimba ngati chitsulo choti sichingatulutse madzi. Kopanda mvula, dziko likanaoneka loŵala ngati chitsulo cha mkuwa.

26:26​—Kodi zikutanthauzanji kunena kuti ‘akazi khumi adzaphika mkate mu mchembo umodzi’? Kaŵirikaŵiri, mkazi aliyense ankakhala ndi malo akeake ophikira mkate. Koma mawu aŵa anali kunena za kusoŵa kwa chakudya moti mchembo umodzi ukanakwanira kuphikamo mikate yonse ya akazi khumi. Izi ndi zina mwa zimene zinaloseredwa kuti zidzachitika anthuwo akadzalephera kukhala oyera.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

20:9. Yehova ankaona mtima wachidani ndi wankhanza mofanana ndi kupha munthu. Motero iye anati munthu akanyoza makolo ake azilandira chilango chofanana ndi chilango chowapha. Kodi zimenezi siziyenera kutilimbikitsa kuti tizikonda okhulupirira anzathu?​—1 Yohane 3:14, 15.

22:32; 24:10-16, 23. Dzina la Yehova siliyenera kunyozedwa. M’malo mwake, tiyenera kutamanda dzina lake ndi kupempherera kuti liyeretsedwe.​—Salmo 7:17; Mateyu 6:9.

MMENE BUKU LA LEVITIKO LIMAKHUDZIRA KULAMBIRA KWATHU

Mboni za Yehova masiku ano sizikuyendera Chilamulo. (Agalatiya 3:23-25) Koma, popeza kuti zimene zili m’buku la Levitiko zimatithandiza kudziŵa maganizo a Yehova pankhani zosiyanasiyana, bukuli lingakhudze kulambira kwathu.

Pamene mukuŵerenga Baibulo mlungu ndi mlungu pokonzekera Sukulu ya Utumiki wa Mulungu, mosakayikira muchita chidwi ndi mfundo yakuti Mulungu wathu amafuna kuti atumiki ake akhale oyera. Buku la m’Baibulo limeneli lingakulimbikitseninso kuti mupatse Wammwambamwambayo zinthu zabwino kwambiri, ndi kukhala woyera nthaŵi zonse, zomwe zingachititse kuti iye atamandike.

[Chithunzi patsamba 21]

Nsembe zomwe zinkaperekedwa m’nthaŵi ya Chilamulo zinkaimira Yesu Kristu ndi nsembe yake

[Chithunzi patsamba 22]

Madyerero a Mkate Wopanda Chotupitsa anali nthaŵi ya chikondwerero chachikulu

[Chithunzi patsamba 23]

Madyerero apachaka, monga Madyerero a Misasa, anali nthaŵi yoyamikira Yehova