Kapadhokiya—Kwaigara Vanhu Mumisha Yakacherwa Nemhepo Nemvura

MUAPOSTORA Petro akataura nezveKapadhokiya. Muchidimbu, akanyorera tsamba yake yokutanga yakafuridzirwa “vagari venguva duku vakapararira . . . muKapadhokiya.” (1 Petro 1:1) Kapadhokiya yaiva nyika yakaita sei? Nei vagari vayo vaigara mumisha yakacherwa mumatombo? Vakaziva sei nezvechiKristu?

“Takangoerekana tarasika musango rine matombo ane nhongonya dzinenge denga remba nemamwe akangoita shongwe,” akadaro mufambi wokuBritain, W. F. Ainsworth, uyo akashanyira Kapadhokiya muma1840. Zvakaita nzvimbo iyi zvinoshamisa zvichiri kukatyamadza vanoshanyira nharaunda iyi yeTurkey mazuva ano. “Mifananidzo” yematombo inoshamisa ndiyo yakaungana sevarindiri vasingatauri mumipata yeKapadhokiya. Mimwe inoratidzika sechimbini hombe dzakareba mamita 30 kana kuti anopfuura. Mimwe yacho yakafanana nemacone mahombe eaizikirimu, shongwe, kana kuti howa.

Zuva rinovhenekera mifananidzo iyi zvakanaka kwazvo nemavara akasiyana-siyana mumasikati! Mumambakwedza inenge yakaita pingi. Pakati pemasikati inova noruvara rwakada kuita yero, uye zuva ronyura rinoiita kuti ive yakatsvukirira. Iri “sango reshongwe dzematombo” rakavapo sei? Uye nei vanhu venzvimbo yacho vakaita misha yavo maari?

Yakacherwa Nemhepo Nemvura

Kapadhokiya iri pakati pePeninsula yeAnatolia, inobatanidza Asia neEurope. Nzvimbo iyi yaizova rwenze dai pasina kuti yakamboputika kaviri. Mamireniyamu akapfuura, kuputika kukuru uku kune simba kwakazadza nzvimbo iyi nemhando mbiri dzematombo—akaomarara anonzi basalt uye asina kuomarara anonzi tufa, matombo machena aiumbwa nemadota anenge aoma.

Nzizi, mvura inonaya, uye mhepo pazvakatanga kuchera matombo aya asina kuomarara, mazikoronga akadzika akabva atanga. Nokufamba kwenguva, mamwe emawere ainge ari munogumira mazikoronga aya aikamukana zvishoma nezvishoma kuva shongwe dzakawanda-wanda dzematombo, zvichiita kuti munyika macho muve nezvinoita semifananidzo zvisingawanikwi chero kupiwo zvako pasi pano. Dzimwe dzeshongwe idzi dzakaguma dzanyatsoita semazinga ouchi. Vagari vemo vakaveza dzimba mumatombo asina kuomarara uye vakaramba vachiwedzera dzimwe dzimba mhuri zvayaikura. Vakaonawo kuti dzimba idzi dzaitonhorera muzhizha uye dzaidziya muchando.

Kugara Pamharadzano Dzokubudirira

Vagari vomumapako veKapadhokiya sezvingabvira vangadai vakasiyiwa vari voga  chaizvoizvo kudai vakanga vasingagari pamharadzano inokosha yemigwagwa yebudiriro. Silk Road yakakurumbira, nzira yezvokutengeserana yaiva nemakiromita 6 500 inobatanidza Umambo hweRoma neChina, yaipfuura nomuKapadhokiya. Kunze kwevatengesi, mauto ePersia, eGreece, neeRoma aifambawo nomumugwagwa uyu. Vafambi ava vakauya nepfungwa itsva dzechitendero.

Pakazosvika zana remakore rechipiri B.C.E., zviri pachena kuti muKapadhokiya makanga mava nenzanga dzevaJudha. Uye vaJudha vaibva munzvimbo iyi vaiva muJerusarema mugore ra33 C.E. Vaivako kuti vachengete Mutambo wePendekosti. Saka, muapostora Petro akaparidzira vaJudha vokuKapadhokiya pashure pokudururwa kwomudzimu mutsvene. (Mabasa 2:1-9) Zviri pachena kuti vamwe vakagamuchira shoko rake vakaenda nokutenda kwavo kwavakanga vachangobva kuwana kumusha kwavo. Saka, Petro akanyorera vaKristu vokuKapadhokiya tsamba yake yokutanga.

Zvisinei, nokufamba kwemakore, vaKristu vomuKapadhokiya vakatanga kufurirwa nouzivi hwechihedheni. Vatungamiriri vatatu vechechi yeKapadhokiya vaiva nesimba vomuzana remakore rechina vakatotsigira zvakasimba dzidziso yoUtatu isiri yemagwaro. Vaiva Gregory weNazianzus, Basil Mukuru, uye munun’una wake Gregory weNyssa.

Basil Mukuru akakurudzirawo mararamiro emamongi. Dzimba dzeKapadhokiya dzisiri dzemaoresa dzakavezwa mumatombo dzaiva dzakanyatsokodzera mararamiro okuzvinyima aairumbidza. Sezvo nzanga yemamongi yakakura, machechi chaiwo akavakwa mukati memamwe matombo makuru. Pakazosvika zana remakore rechi13, machechi anenge mazana matatu akanga akavezwa mumatombo acho. Akawanda awo achiripo nanhasi.

Kunyange zvazvo machechi uye dzimba dzemamongi zvisingachashandiswi, mararamiro evanhu vemo akachinja zvishoma mumazana emakore. Mapako akawanda achiri kushanda sedzimba. Vakawanda vanoshanyira Kapadhokiya vanoshamiswa kwazvo kuti vagari vemo vakachenjera vakachinja sei zvinhu izvi zvakangoerekana zvavapo kuva misha yavo.

[Mepu iri papeji 24, 25]

(Kana uchida mashoko azere, ona bhuku racho)

KAPADHOKIYA

CHINA (Cathay)