Borara ba Seaposetoloi—A Dithuto Tsa Bone Di ne Di Dumalana le Tsa Baaposetoloi?

MO TSHIMOLOGONG ya lekgolo la bobedi la dingwaga C.E., dithuto tsa boammaaruri tsa Bokeresete di ne tsa simolola go leswafadiwa ke dithuto tsa maaka. Fela jaaka boporofeti jo bo tlhotlheleditsweng bo ne bo boleletse pele, morago ga loso lwa baaposetoloi, batho bangwe ba ne ba tlogela boammaaruri mme ba latela ‘dipolelo tsa maaka.’ (2 Timotheo 4:3, 4) Mo e ka nnang ka 98 C.E., Johane, moaposetoloi wa bofelo yo o neng a sa ntse a tshela, o ne a tlhagisa ka dithuto tseo tsa maaka le ka batho ‘ba ba neng ba leka go tsietsa’ Bakeresete ba ba ikanyegang.—1 Johane 2:26; 4:1, 6.

Ka bonako fela, banna ba ba neng ba bidiwa Borara ba Seaposetoloi ba ne ba leka go tlhotlheletsa batho ka dibuka tsa bone. Batho ba ne ba itshwara jang ka go tsiediwa jalo ke bodumedi? A ba ne ba utlwa tlhagiso e e tlhotlheleditsweng ke Modimo ya ga moaposetoloi Johane?

 E ne E le Bomang?

Mafoko a a reng “Borara ba Seaposetoloi” a ne a dirisiwa fa go buiwa ka bakwadi ba bodumedi ba ba ka tswang ba ne ba itse mongwe wa baaposetoloi ba ga Jesu kgotsa ba ka tswa ba ne ba rutiwa ke barutwa ba ba neng ba rutilwe ke baaposetoloi. Bontsi jwa banna bano bo ne bo tshela mo bofelong jwa lekgolo la ntlha la dingwaga C.E. go fitlha mo bogareng jwa lekgolo la bobedi la dingwaga. * Bangwe ba bone e ne e le Clement wa kwa Roma, Ignatius wa kwa Antioka, Papias wa kwa Hierapolise le Polycarp wa kwa Semerena. Ka nako eo, bakwadi bangwe ba maina a bone a neng a sa itsiwe ba ne ba kwala dibuka tse di itsegeng tse di jaaka The Didache, Epistle of Barnabas, Martyrdom of Polycarp le lekwalo la bobedi la ga Clement.

Gompieno go thata go lemoga kafa dithuto tsa Borara ba Seaposetoloi di tshwanang ka gone le dithuto tsa ga Jesu. Ga go pelaelo gore boikaelelo jwa banna bano e ne e le go boloka kgotsa go tshegetsa mofuta mongwe wa Bokeresete. Ba ne ba kgala kobamelo ya medingwana le boitsholo jo bo sa siamang. Ba ne ba dumela gore Jesu ke Morwa Modimo le gore o ne a tsosiwa mo baswing. Le fa go ntse jalo, ba ne ba palelwa ke go emisa go oketsega ga dithuto tsa batlhanogi. Go na le moo, bangwe ba bone ba ne ba di oketsa ka dithuto tsa bone tsa maaka.

A Diphetogo Tseo Di ne Di le Botlhokwa?

Dithuto dingwe tse di neng di bidiwa tsa “Bokeresete” di ne di sa tshwane le tsa ga Keresete le baaposetoloi ba gagwe. Ka sekai, go farologana le mokgwa o Jesu a neng a o tlhoma ka letsatsi la Sejo sa Morena sa Maitseboa, mokwadi wa buka ya The Didache o ne a re go tshwanetse ga fetisiwa beine pele ga senkgwe. (Mathaio 26:26, 27) Gape mokwadi yono o ne a re fa go se na bodiba jwa metsi jo motho a ka inwang mo go jone ka nako ya kolobetso, o ne a ka kolobediwa ka go tshelwa metsi mo tlhogong. (Mareko 1:9, 10; Ditiro 8:36, 38) Buka eo e kgothaletsa Bakeresete go boloka meetlo e e jaaka gore motho o patelesega go itima dijo gabedi ka beke le go boeletsa Thapelo ya Morena gararo ka letsatsi.—Mathaio 6:5-13; Luke 18:12.

Ignatius ene o ne a ruta gore go ne go tshwanetse ga nna le mokgatlho o sele wa phuthego ya Bokeresete, mme o eteletswe pele ke bishopo a le mongwe yo o okamelang “mo boemong jwa Modimo.” Mobishopo yono o ne a tla okamela baruti ba le bantsi. Dithuto tseo tsa maaka di ne di bontsha gore go tlile go nna le dithuto di le dintsi tsa maaka.—Mathaio 23:8, 9.

Go Feteletsa Dilo, Go Swela Tumelo le Kobamelo ya Medingwana

Go feteletsa dilo go ile ga dira gore Borara ba Seaposetoloi ba katogele kgakala le boammaaruri. Papias o ne a nyoretswe boammaaruri mme o ne a dirisa Dikwalo Tsa Bokeresete Tsa Segerika. Gape, o ne a dumela gore ka nako ya Puso ya Dingwaga Tse di Sekete ya ga Keresete e e boleletsweng pele, ditlhare tsa morara di ne di tla tlhagisa dikala di le 10 000, kala nngwe le nngwe e tlhagise dikalana di le 10 000, kalana nngwe le nngwe yone e tlhagise matlhogela a le 10 000, letlhogela lengwe le lengwe le tlhagise dingata di le 10 000, ngata nngwe le nngwe e tlhagise merara e le 10 000 mme morara mongwe le mongwe o tlhagise dilitara di ka nna 1 000 tsa beine.

Polycarp o ne a ikemiseditse go swela tumelo go na le go itatola tumelo ya gagwe ya Bokeresete. Go begwa gore o ne a rutilwe ke baaposetoloi le batho  bangwe ba ba neng ba itse Jesu. O ne a nopola ditemana go tswa mo Baebeleng, mme go bonala a ne a leka ka natla go tshela ka melaometheo ya Bokeresete.

Le fa go ntse jalo, tsela e bangwe ba neng ba ineetse ka yone mo go Polycarp, e ile ya dira gore ba feleletse ba mo obamela e le modingwana. Buka ya Martyrdom of Polycarp e bolela gore morago ga loso lwa gagwe, “baitshepi” ba ne ba batla go tsaya masaledi a gagwe. Ba ne ba tsaya marapo a gagwe a le “botlhokwa go gaisa maje otlhe a mantle a a tlhwatlhwakgolo, e bile a itshekile go feta gouta.” Ga go pelaelo gore dithuto tsa maaka di ne di le dintsi.

Ditemana Tse e Seng Tsa Baebele

Bangwe ba Borara ba Seaposetoloi ba ne ba dirisa ditemana tse e seng tsa Baebele jaaka e kete di ne di tlhotlheleditswe. Mongwe wa bone e bong Clement wa Roma, o nopola dibuka tse e seng tsa Baebele tsa Wisdom le Judith. Mokwadi wa buka ya The Epistle of Polycarp o dirisa lekwalo la Tobit go buelela kgopolo ya gore fa motho a ntsha meneelo go tshegetsa batho ba ba tlhokang a ka boloka botshelo jwa gagwe.

Mo lekgolong la bobedi la dingwaga C.E., baaposetoloi ba maaka ba ne ba anamisa dipego tse di seng boammaaruri tsa botshelo jwa ga Jesu, mme gantsi Borara ba ne ba di tsaya di le boammaaruri e bile ba nopola go tswa mo go tsone. Ka sekai, Ignatius o ne a nopola go tswa mo bukeng e e bidiwang Gospel of the Hebrews. Motswedi mongwe wa tshedimosetso o ne wa bua jaana ka Clement wa Roma: “Clement o ne a bonala a itse Keresete, e seng ka go bala ka ene mo Diefangeleng, mme a mo ithutile mo dibukeng tse di seng mo lenaaneng la dibuka tsa Baebele tse di amogelwang.”

Dithuto Tsa Maaka Tse di Phoso

Fa banna bano ba ne ba tlhopha go latela ditlhamane, dikgopolo tsa masaitsiweng le filosofi go tlhalosa tumelo ya Bokeresete, ba ne ba dira gore go nne le dithuto tse dintsi tsa maaka. Ka sekai, Clement o ne a dirisa tlhamane e e kaga nonyane nngwe e e bidiwang phoenix go bontsha gore go na le tsogo ya baswi. Go ya ka ditlhamane tsa kwa Egepeto go bolelwa fa nonyane eno e go tweng e ile ya tsoga mo moloreng wa yone e ne e dirisiwa fa go obamelwa letsatsi.

Mokwadi mongwe yo o neng a sokamisa boammaaruri jwa Dikwalo e ne e le mokwadi wa buka ya Epistle of Barnabas. O ne a ruta gore Molao wa ga Moshe e ne e le tshwantshiso fela. Go ya ka ene, diphologolo tse di phepa—tse di otlang mo diphologolong e bile di patologane ditlhakwana—di ne di emela batho ba ba neng ba tlhatlhanya ka Lefoko la Modimo. Mokwadi a re tlhakwana e e patologaneng e ne e tshwantshetsa gore batho ba ba siameng “ba tshela mo lefatsheng” mme ka nako e e tshwanang ba lebeletse pele go ya go tshela kwa legodimong. Ditlhaloso tse di ntseng jalo ga di dumalane le Dikwalo.—Lefitiko 11:1-3.

Bosupi Jwa ga Moaposetoloi Johane

Mo lekgolong la ntlha la dingwaga, moaposetoloi Johane o ne a tlhagisa jaana: “Baratwa, lo se ka lwa dumela dipolelwana dingwe le dingwe tse di tlhotlheleditsweng, mme tlhatlhobang dipolelwana tse di tlhotlheleditsweng go bona gore a di tswa mo Modimong, ka gonne baporofeti ba le bantsi ba maaka ba tswetse mo lefatsheng.” (1 Johane 4:1) Ruri mafoko ao a ne a tshwanela!

Go ela kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolo la ntlha la dingwaga, batho ba le bantsi ba ba ipolelang gore ke Bakeresete ba ne ba setse ba tlogetse dithuto tsa ga Jesu le baaposetoloi ba gagwe. Go na le gore Borara ba Seaposetoloi ba nne kgatlhanong le dithuto tsa botlhanogi tse di neng di ntse di gola, ba ne ba di oketsa. Ba ne ba leswafatsa dithuto tsa boammaaruri ka dithuto tsa maaka. Moaposetoloi Johane o ne a bua jaana ka batho ba ba ntseng jalo: “Mongwe le mongwe yo o itshusumeletsang kwa pele mme a sa nne mo thutong ya ga Keresete ga a na Modimo.” (2 Johane 9) Batho botlhe ba ba peloephepa ba ba batlang boammaaruri jwa Dikwalo, ba ne ba tlhaloganya sentle tlhagiso eno e e tswang kwa Modimong e bile ba sa ntse ba e tlhaloganya le gompieno.

[Ntlha e e kwa tlase]

[Mafoko a a mo go tsebe 29]

Bangwe ba Borara ba Seaposetoloi go akaretsa Clement, ba ne ba dirisa ditlhamane, dikgopolo tsa masaitsiweng le difilosofi mo dibukeng tsa bone

[Setshwantsho mo go tsebe 28]

Polycarp o ne a ikemiseditse go swela tumelo

[Motswedi wa Setshwantsho]

The Granger Collection, New York