Mfumu Davide Anali Wokonda Nyimbo

NTHAWI zambiri tikaganiza za nyimbo za m’nthawi za Baibulo, timaganizira za Davide, munthu waluso kwambiri amene anakhalapo zaka pafupifupi 3,000 zapitazo. Ndipotu zinthu zambiri zimene tikudziwa zokhudza nyimbo za nthawi imeneyo zili munkhani zimene zinalembedwa m’Baibulo zokhudza Davide. Nkhanizi zimafotokoza zochitika zoyambira panthawi imene anali m’busa wachinyamata mpaka pamene anakhala mfumu ndiponso munthu wodziwa bwino kulongosola zinthu.

Tikhoza kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza nyimbo za m’nthawi ya Baibulo kudzera mwa Davide. Mwachitsanzo, tikhoza kudziwa kuti anthu ankagwiritsira ntchito zida zoimbira zotani ndiponso ankaimba nyimbo zotani. Tikhozanso kudziwa kuti nyimbo zinakhudza motani moyo wa Davide, ndiponso mtundu wonse wa Isiraeli.

Nyimbo Zinali Zofunika Kwambiri kwa Aisiraeli

Munthu akamatchula mawu a nyimbo, nthawi zambiri amakumbukira chuni cha nyimboyo. M’Baibulo muli mawu a nyimbo zambiri koma tsoka ilo, chuni cha nyimbo zimenezi sichidziwika. Koma ziyenera kuti zinali nyimbo zokoma kwabasi, ndiponso zogometsa. M’buku la Masalmo muli nyimbo zolembedwa mwandakatulo zapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo chuni chake chiyeneranso kuti chinali chokoma kwambiri.

Baibulo limafotokoza mwachidule chabe zida zoimbira zimene ankagwiritsira ntchito. (Onani bokosi lakuti,  “Zida Zoimbira za M’nthawi ya Baibulo.”) Ngakhale zeze amene Davide ankagwiritsira ntchito sakudziwika bwinobwino kuti anali wotani. Komabe n’zochititsa chidwi kuti Aisiraeli anatulukira luso lopanga zida zoimbira zatsopano monga zeze wopangidwa ndi mtengo, amene sankapezekapezeka ndiponso anali wamtengo wapatali.​—2 Mbiri 9:11; Amosi 6:5.

Koma zimene tikudziwa n’zakuti nyimbo zinali zofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa Aheberi, makamaka akamalambira Mulungu. Iwo ankaimba nyimbo polonga mafumu, pamaphwando achipembedzo, ndiponso pazochitika zokhudzana ndi nkhondo. Nyimbo zinkasangalatsanso  anthu apabanja lachifumu. Anthu ankasangalalanso ndi nyimbo pamaukwati ndiponso akakumana pamodzi pachibale pawo. Ankaziimbanso chapansipansi kuti anthu azisangalala nazo pokondwerera kukolola mphesa ndi mbewu zina. Koma n’zomvetsa chisoni kuti nyimbo zinkaimbidwanso kumalo ena kumene kunkachitika zinthu zoipa. Komanso munthu wina akamwalira, nyimbo zinkatonthoza anthu oferedwawo.

Aisiraeli ankaimba nyimbo pazochitika zinanso. Nyimbo zinkatsitsimula maganizo a anthu ndipo zinkathandiza aneneri kuti amvetsere bwino malangizo auzimu. Mwachitsanzo, chida choimbira cha zingwe chitaimbidwa, Elisa analandira malangizo ochokera kwa Mulungu. (2 Mafumu 3:15) Anthu ankaimbanso nyimbo pofuna kusonyeza kuti nthawi yapadera yapachaka yafika. Pofuna kulengeza kukhala kwa mwezi ndi kufika kwa nthawi ya zikondwerero, pankaimbidwa malipenga awiri asiliva. Pa tsiku loyamba la Chaka Choliza Lipenga, ankaliza lipenga polengeza kuti akapolo tsopano apeze ufulu wawo ndiponso kuti anthu amene analandidwa malo ndi nyumba tsopano akhoza kubwezeredwa katundu wawo. Anthu osauka amenewa ayenera kuti ankasangalala kwambiri kumva nyimbo yolengeza kuti tsopano apatsidwanso ufulu wawo ndi katundu wawo.​—Levitiko 25:9; Numeri 10:10.

Aisiraeli ena ayenera kuti anali akatswiri odziwa kuimba nyimbo ndi mawu ndiponso ndi zida zoimbira. Mwachitsanzo, chosema chinachake chakale cha Asuri chimasonyeza kuti Mfumu Senakeribu inapempha Mfumu Hezekiya kuti imupatse oimba aakazi ndi aamuna monga msonkho. Zikuoneka kuti amenewa anali akatswiri oimba bwino kwambiri. Koma pa akatswiri onse oimba, Davide ndiye anali woimba woposa wina aliyense.

Woimba Waluso Lapadera

Davide anali waluso lapadera chifukwa anali woimba komanso wolemba ndakatulo. Masalmo ambiri pa masalmo onse amene analembedwa, analembedwa ndi Davideyo. Iye ali mnyamata, anali m’busa ndipo ankasangalala kuona zochitika zakubusa, ku Betelehemu. Ankamva kaphokoso kosangalatsa ka madzi akamayenda m’timitsinje ndiponso kulira kwa tiana ta nkhosa tikamasangalala ndi mawu a Davideyo. Choncho, chifukwa chokhudzidwa mtima ndi kusangalatsa kwa timapokoso timene ankamvati, iye anayamba kuimba nyimbo zotamanda Mulungu kwinaku akuimba zeze wake. Ndithudi, ziyenera kuti zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri kumva chuni chimene Davide ankaimbira Salmo 23.

Davide ali mnyamata, ankaimba bwino kwambiri zeze wake moti anatengedwa kuti azikagwira ntchito yoimbira mfumu Sauli. Mfumu Sauli akazunguzika mutu, Davide ankabwera kwa iye ndipo pogwiritsira ntchito zeze wake, ankamuimbira nyimbo zokoma ndi zotsitsimula zimene zinkakhazika pansi mtima wa mfumuyo. Maganizo oipa amene ankabwerera Sauli ankachoka, ndipo mtima wake unkakhalanso m’malo.​—1 Samueli 16:16.

Ngakhale kuti Davide ankakonda ndi kusangalala nazo kwambiri nyimbozi, nthawi zina  zinkamubweretsera mavuto. Tsiku lina Davide ndi Sauli akuchokera kunkhondo atagonjetsa Afilisti, mfumuyo inamva nyimbo yokondwerera kupambana kwawo. Azimayi anali kuimba kuti: “Sauli anapha zikwi zake, koma Davide zikwi zake zankhani.” Sauli atamva zimenezi anakwiya kwambiri ndipo anachita nsanje, moti “kuyambira tsiku lomwelo ndi m’tsogolo mwake, Sauli anakhala maso pa Davide.”​—1 Samueli 18:7-9.

Zimene Anachita Chifukwa cha Nyimbo

Nyimbo zimene Davide anapeka pouziridwa ndi Mulungu zinali zapadera m’njira zambiri. Panyimbo zake pali masalmo amene amasonyeza kuti iye ankadziwa zochitika zakubusa komanso nthawi zina ankakhala m’maganizo. Nyimbozo zili ndi mawu osiyanasiyana monga otamanda, ofotokoza zochitika za m’mbiri, osonyeza kusangalala chifukwa chokolola mphesa, ofotokoza mwambo wolemekezeka kwambiri wotsegulira nyumba yachifumu, okumbukira zakale, ofotokoza za chiyembekezo chake, opempha, ndiponso ochonderera. (Onani Salmo 8, 23, 30, 32, 37, 38, 51, 86, 145 ndi timawu take tapamwamba.) Sauli ndi mwana wake Yonatani ataphedwa, Davide analemba nyimbo yamaliro yotchedwa “Uta,” imene inayamba ndi mawu akuti: “Ulemerero wako, Isiraeli, unaphedwa pa misanje yako.” Nyimboyi inali yachisoni. Davide ankatha kusonyeza bwino mmene akumvera pazochitika zosiyanasiyana, kaya zomvetsa chisoni kapenanso zosangalatsa, poimba ndi mawu ndiponso ndi zeze wake.​—2 Samueli 1:17-19.

Monga munthu wansangala, Davide ankakonda nyimbo zosangalatsa ndiponso zovinika. Pamene anali kupititsa likasa la chipangano ku Ziyoni, Davide anadumphadumpha ndi kuvina ndi mphamvu zake zonse chifukwa chokondwera kuti likasalo likupita ku Ziyoni. Nkhani ya m’Baibuloyi imasonyeza kuti nyimbo zake ziyenera kuti zinali zokoma kuvina. Kodi m’maganizo  mwanu mukutha kuona Davide akuvinavina? Komatu zimene Davide anachitazi zinachititsa kuti Mikala mkazi wake amunyoze. Koma Davide sanadandaule nazo. Iye ankakonda Yehova ndipo anasangalala ndi nyimbozo koopsa. Zimenezi zinamuchititsa kudumphadumpha pamaso pa Mulungu wake.​—2 Samueli 6:14, 16, 21.

Kuwonjezera pa zimenezo, Davide anali katswiri wopanga zida zatsopano zoimbira nyimbo. (2 Mbiri 7:6) Zikuoneka kuti Davide anali munthu waluso pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga kupanga zida zoimbira, kulemba ndakatulo, kupeka nyimbo, ndi kusangalatsa anthu. Komatu iye anachitanso zinthu zina zazikulu.

Nyimbo Zinkaimbidwanso Pakachisi

Ntchito imodzi yaikulu imene Davide anagwira inali yokhazikitsa dongosolo loimba nyimbo ndi mawu ndiponso ndi zida panyumba ya Yehova. Iye anaika Asafu, Hemani ndi Yedutuni (amene mwina ankatchedwanso kuti Etani) kuti akhale atsogoleri a anthu 4,000 oimba ndi mawu ndi zida zoimbira. Anawaika limodzi ndi akatswiri 288, amene ankaphunzitsa ndi kuyang’anira gulu lonselo. Anthu onse 4,000 oimba ndi mawu ndi zida zoimbira ankakhalapo pakachisi panthawi ya zikondwerero zitatu zikuluzikulu. N’zosakayikitsa kuti nyimbo zoimbidwa ndi kwaya imeneyo zinkamveka bwino kwambiri.​—1 Mbiri 23:5; 25:1, 6, 7.

Pakachisi, amuna okha ndi amene ankaimba. Iwo ankaimba mogwirizana, monga momwe lemba la 2 Mbiri 5:13 limanenera kuti oimbawo ‘anamveka ngati mawu amodzi.’ Nyimbozo zinkatha kukhala zoimbidwa motsatizana ndi zida zoimbira, monga Salmo 3 ndi masalmo ena ambiri a Davide. Nthawi zina zinkakhala ndi korasi, monga imene ili pa Salmo 42:5, 11 ndi pa Salmo 43:5. Nyimbo zimene makwaya awiri kapena anthu awiri ankaimba molandizana mawu zinkakhalanso zosangalatsa kwambiri. Umu ndi mmene ankaimbira Salmo 24, limene mosakayikira Davide analipeka panthawi imene anapititsa likasa la chipangano ku Ziyoni.​—2 Samueli 6:11-17.

Koma si kuti kuimba kunali kwa anthu amene ankatumikira pakachisi okha ayi. Popita ku Yerusalemu kukachita zikondwerero zawo zapachaka, amene ankaimba anali anthu wamba. Mwina mawu akuti “Nyimbo Yokwerera” akunena zimenezi. (Salmo 120 mpaka 134) Mwachitsanzo, mu Salmo 133, Davide anatamanda ubale umene Aisiraeli ankasangalala nawo panthawi zimenezo. Iye anayamba ndi mawu akuti: “Onani,  n’kokoma ndi kokondweretsa ndithu kuti abale akhale pamodzi!” Tangoganizirani chuni chokoma chimene ankaimbira nyimbo imeneyi kuti chinali chotani.

Kuimba Nyimbo Polambira Yehova

Titati tigawe Baibulo m’magawo 10, ndiye kuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo amenewa lapangidwa ndi nyimbo ngati zimenezi, ndipo buku la Masalmo limalimbikitsa anthu onse kuti atamande Mulungu. (Salmo 150) Nyimbo zikhoza kuthandiza munthu kuiwala mavuto ake, ndipotu kuimba nyimbo kumachititsa munthu wosweka mtima kuti ayambe kumvako bwino. Koma Baibulo limalimbikitsanso anthu amene akusangalala kuti aziimba masalmo.​—Yakobe 5:13.

Kuimba ndi njira imodzi imene munthu angasonyezere chikhulupiriro ndi chikondi chake kwa Mulungu. Usiku woti Yesu aphedwa mawa lake, iye ndi atumwi ake atamaliza kudya anaimba nyimbo. (Mateyo 26:30) Yesu ameneyu, yemwe anali mbadwa ya Davide ayenera kuti anali ndi mawu a nthetemya kwabasi, popeza anamva mmene angelo a Mulungu amaimbira mogometsa kumwamba. Mwina Yesu ndi atumwi akewo anaimba Masalmo 113 mpaka 118, amene amayamba ndi mawu akuti “Haleluya.” Ngati zinalidi choncho, ndiye kuti Yesu limodzi ndi atumwi akewo, amene sankadziwa zinthu zonse zimene zinali zitatsala pang’ono kuchitika, anaimba mokweza kuti: “Ndim’konda, popeza Yehova amamva mawu anga ndi kupemba kwanga. . . . Zingwe za imfa zinandizinga, ndi zowawa za manda zinandigwira. . . . Yehova ndikupemphani landitsani moyo wanga.”​—Salmo 116:1-4.

Anthu si amene anayambitsa kuimba nyimbo. Baibulo limafotokoza kuti zolengedwa zauzimu kumwamba zimaimba azeze ophiphiritsira ndiponso zimaimba mawu otamanda Yehova kuzungulira mpando wake wachifumu. (Chivumbulutso 5:9; 14:3; 15:2, 3) Yehova Mulungu ndi amene anapatsa anthu mphatso yoimba nyimbo. Iye anawapatsa mtima wokonda nyimbo ndiponso mtima wofunitsitsa kusonyeza mmene akumvera poimba nyimbo ndi chida choimbira kapena ndi mawu. Choncho, kwa anthu achikhulupiriro, nyimbo ndi mphatsodi yochokera kwa Mulungu.​—Yakobe 1:17.

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 27]

“Tsiku lakukondwera inu, ndi nyengo zoikidwa zanu, . . . muziliza malipenga.”​—NUMERI 10:10

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 28]

“Yehova ndiye m’busa wanga; sindidzasowa. Andigonetsa kubusa lamsipu: anditsogolera ku madzi odikha.”​—SALMO 23:1, 2

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 29]

“Zikwi zinayi analemekeza Yehova ndi zoimbira zimene ndinazipanga, anati Davide, kuti alemekeze nawo.”​—1 MBIRI 23:4, 5

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 29]

Davide ankatha kusonyeza bwino mmene akumvera pazochitika zosiyanasiyana, kaya zomvetsa chisoni kapenanso zosangalatsa, poimba ndi mawu ndiponso zida zoimbira

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 30]

“Haleluya. Mlemekezeni ndi lingaka ndi kuthira mang’ombe: Zonse zakupuma zilemekeze Yehova.”​—SALMO 150:1, 4, 6

[Bokosi/​Chithunzi patsamba 28]

 Zida Zoimbira za M’nthawi ya Baibulo

Panali zida zoimbira zazingwe monga zisakasa, azeze, ndi zoimbira zokhala ndi zingwe 10. (Salmo 92:3) Zidazi ankazichuna mwa Alamoti ndi Seminiti, mawu amene mwina akutanthauza kuti ankazichuna kuti zizimveka mwabesi kapena mokwera. (1 Mbiri 15:20, 21) Panalinso zida zoimba ndi pakamwa monga zitoliro ndi malipenga, amene ankawaliza mokweza. (2 Mbiri 7:6; 1 Samueli 10:5; Salmo 150:3, 4) Panthawi yotsegulira kachisi, malipenga ndi anthu oimba mawu ‘anamveka ngati mawu amodzi.’ (2 Mbiri 5:12, 13) Mwina zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti oimbawa anali kuimba mogwirizana kwabasi. Ndiye panalinso zida zoimba ndi manja monga malingaka, maseche, komanso “zoyimbira zamitundumitundu za mlombwa.” Panalinso nsanje zing’onozing’ono “zomveka” kwambiri ndi zikuluzikulu zotchedwa “nsanje zoliritsa.”​—2 Samueli 6:5; Salmo 150:5.

[Zithunzi]

Pamwambapo: Mbali ya chipilala chotchedwa Arch of Titus, mu mzinda wa Rome ku Italy, pomwe panajambulidwa malipenga amene anatengedwa m’kachisi wa ku Yerusalemu m’chaka cha 70 C.E. Ndalama zasiliva zimene zinapangidwa cha m’ma 130 C.E., zomwe panajambulidwa zida zoimbira za Ayuda

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Coins: © 2007 by David Hendin. All rights reserved.