Umwami Dawidi yateje imbere umuzika

IYO havuzwe iby’umuzika wo mu bihe bya Bibiliya, abantu bahita bibuka Dawidi, umugabo wihariye wabayeho kera, ubu hakaba hashize imyaka 3000. Kandi koko, ibyinshi mu byo tuzi ku birebana n’umuzika wo mu bihe bya Bibiliya, tubikesha inkuru ya Bibiliya ivuga ibya Dawidi, uhereye igihe yari umusore w’umushumba kugeza igihe yabereye umwami uyobora abantu neza.

Hari ibintu byinshi dushobora kumenya ku birebana n’umuzika wo mu bihe bya Bibiliya binyuriye kuri Dawidi. Urugero, dushobora kumenya ibikoresho by’umuzika byakoreshwaga icyo gihe, tukamenya n’ubwoko bw’indirimbo baririmbaga. Nanone dushobora kumenya uruhare umuzika wagize mu buzima bwa Dawidi, no mu ishyanga rya Isirayeli.

Uruhare rw’umuzika muri Isirayeli ya kera

Akenshi iyo umuntu avuze amagambo y’indirimbo runaka, bimwibutsa injyana yayo. Ikibabaje ni uko Bibiliya ikubiyemo amagambo y’indirimbo nyinshi na n’ubu abantu bataramenya uko zaririmbwaga. Icyakora, izo ndirimbo zishobora kuba zari nziza cyane, ndetse mu buryo buhebuje. Imvugo ihambaye y’ubusizi iboneka mu gitabo cya zaburi, igaragaza ko n’umuzika wajyaniranaga na zo wari mwiza cyane.

Bibiliya ivuga muri make ibihereranye n’ibikoresho bacurangishaga icyo gihe. (Reba agasanduku gafite umutwe uvuga ngo  “Ibikoresho byo mu bihe bya Bibiliya.”) Uretse n’ibyo, ubwoko bw’inanga Dawidi yakoreshaga ntibuzwi neza. Icyakora, birashishikaje kuba Abisirayeli barahimbye ibikoresho binyuranye, urugero nk’inanga zikozwe mu biti zari zikunzwe cyane, kandi zitakundaga kuboneka.—2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 9:11; Amosi 6:5.

Icyakora icyo tudashidikanyaho, ni uko umuzika wari uw’ingenzi mu mibereho y’Abaheburayo, cyane cyane mu bintu bifitanye isano no  gusenga Imana. Umuzika wacurangwaga iyo babaga bimika umwami cyangwa mu minsi mikuru y’idini, kandi ugacurangwa no mu gihe cy’intambara. Nanone, wacurangwaga ibwami bakizihirwa, ugacurangwa mu makwe no mu bitaramo by’imiryango, kandi ukanezeza abantu mu minsi mikuru y’isarura ry’imizabibu n’ibinyampeke. Ikibabaje ni uko wanacurangirwaga ahantu hakorerwaga ibikorwa bikemangwa. Nanone kandi, iyo habaga hapfuye umuntu, umuzika wahumurizaga abasigaye babaga bishwe n’agahinda.

Icyakora hari akandi kamaro umuzika wari ufitiye Abisirayeli. Watumaga bumva batuje mu bwenge, kandi ugafasha abahanuzi kujya mu mimerere ituma bashishikazwa n’ibintu by’umwuka. Urugero, Elisa yahumekewe na Yehova igihe yumvaga ijwi ry’inanga (2 Abami 3:15). Nanone umuzika wakoreshwaga mu gutangaza ko habaye iminsi mikuru yihariye. Urugero, iyo igihe cyo kwizihiza imboneko z’ukwezi n’iminsi mikuru cyageraga, babitangazaga bavuza amakondera abiri akozwe mu ifeza. Mu gihe cyo kwizihiza umunsi mukuru wa Yubile, bavuzaga ihembe kugira ngo batangaze ko abagaragu babonye umudendezo, kandi ko imirima n’amazu byabaga byafatiriwe byagombaga gusubizwa ba nyirabyo. Tekereza ukuntu abakene bagomba kuba baragiraga ibyishimo iyo bumvaga umuzika wabamenyeshaga ko bongeye kugira umudendezo, cyangwa ko bagiye gusubizwa ibyabo!—Abalewi 25:9; Kubara 10:10.

Birashoboka ko Abisirayeli bamwe na bamwe bari abacuranzi n’abaririmbyi kabuhariwe. Dukurikije ibiri ku gishushanyo kibajwe cyakozwe n’Abashuri, Umwami Senakeribu yasabye Umwami Hezekiya ko mu cyimbo cyo kumuha amakoro, amuha abacuranzi n’abacuranzikazi, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza ko abo bacuranzi bashobora kuba bari abo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Icyakora, Dawidi ni we wari umucuranzi w’umuhanga muri abo bose.

Yari umucuranzi wihariye

Dawidi yari yihariye kubera ko yari umucuranzi akaba n’umusizi. Yahimbye Zaburi zirenga kimwe cya kabiri cya Zaburi zose. Akiri muto yari umwungeri, kandi hari byinshi yize binyuriye mu kwitegereza amatungo yabaga ari mu nzuri z’i Betelehemu, dore ko yari afite ubwenge bufungutse. Yashimishwaga no kumva ukuntu utugezi twabaga dusuma, n’amajwi y’utwana tw’intama twatamaga twumvise ijwi rye. Dawidi yakozwe ku mutima n’ayo majwi yumvaga twagereranya n’uturirimbo, maze akora ku nanga ye, ahanika ijwi asingiza Imana. Ngaho noneho tekereza ukuntu kumva indirimbo Dawidi yaririmbye iri muri Zaburi ya 23, bigomba kuba byari bishimishije!

Dawidi akiri umusore yari umuhanga mu gucurangisha inanga, ku buryo bamushimiye umwami Sawuli, bigatuma ahita amutumira kugira ngo ajye amucurangira. Iyo Sawuli yabaga ababaye cyangwa yahanzweho n’umwuka mubi, Dawidi yaragendaga agahita akora ku mirya y’inanga, maze utwo turirimbo dufite injyana nziza kandi ituje tugatuma acururuka.  Ibyo byatumaga ibitekerezo bibi byamuteshaga umutwe bihita biyoyoka, kandi ntiyongere kubura amahwemo.—1 Samweli 16:16.

Icyakora, hari igihe umuzika Dawidi yakundaga kandi wamushimishaga, watezaga ibibazo. Umunsi umwe, ubwo Dawidi na Sawuli bari bavuye kunesha Abafilisitiya, umwami yumvise abantu baririmba indirimbo zishimishije zo kunesha. Abagore bararirimbaga bati “Sawuli yishe ibihumbi, Dawidi yica inzovu.” Ibyo byatumye Sawuli arakara kandi agirira ishyari Dawidi, ku buryo yahise atangira ‘kujya amureba ijisho ribi.’—1 Samweli 18:7-9.

Umuzika wamufashaga kunguka ibitekerezo

Hari ibintu bitandukanye bigaragaza ko indirimbo zahumetswe n’Imana Dawidi yahimbye zihebuje. Indirimbo ze zigizwe na za zaburi zirimo ibintu bigaragaza ko yabaga yatekerejeho cyane, hakaba n’izindi zavugaga ibirebana n’umurimo we wo kuragira intama. Muri izo zaburi harimo izo gusingiza Imana, izivuga ibintu byabayeho mu mateka, izivuga ibyishimo abantu babaga bafite igihe babaga basarura imizabibu, n’izaririmbwaga mu birori byo gutaha ingoro y’ibwami. Nanone harimo izabibutsaga ibyababayeho, izabagaruriraga icyizere n’izo gusaba no kwinginga. (Soma Zaburi ya 32, 23, 145, 8, 30, 38, 72, 51, 86, n’amagambo abimburira izo zaburi.) Igihe Sawuli n’umuhungu we Yonatani bapfaga, Dawidi yahimbye indirimbo y’agahinda yitwa “Umuheto,” yabimburirwaga n’amagambo agira ati “icyubahiro cyawe, Isirayeli, cyiciwe mu mpinga z’imisozi!” Ijwi ry’iyo ndirimbo ryagaragazaga ko ari iy’akababaro. Dawidi yari afite ubuhanga bwo kugaragaza ibyiyumvo binyuranye, haba mu magambo cyangwa mu njyana y’umuzika yabaga acurangisha inanga.—2 Samweli 1:17-19.

Dawidi wari umuntu uhimbarwa, yakundaga umuzika ushyushye kandi ufite injyana yihuta. Igihe yazamuraga isanduku y’isezerano ku musozi  Siyoni, yabyinnye yitakuma n’imbaraga ze zose kugira ngo agaragaze ko yishimiye icyo gikorwa. Iyo nkuru ya Bibiliya igaragaza ko uwo muzika ugomba kuba waratumaga abantu bataraka bagahamiriza. Ese ushobora kwiyumvisha uko byari bimeze? Tekereza ko Dawidi yabyinnye bigatuma umugore we Mikali amunegura. Ariko Dawidi ibyo nta cyo byari bimubwiye. Yakundaga Yehova, kandi uwo muzika wari watumye ahimbarwa bene ako kageni, wamuteye kubyinira Imana ye.—2 Samweli 6:14, 16, 21.

Uretse guhimba indirimbo, Dawidi yagaragaje ko yari yihariye ahimba n’ibikoresho by’umuzika bishya (2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 7:6). Muri rusange, Dawidi yari umuhanzi, umusizi, umwanditsi, umuririmbyi ndetse agahimba ibikoresho byo gucurangisha, kandi ibyo byose yabikoranaga ubuhanga. Icyakora, hari n’ibindi bintu biruta ibyo yakoze.

Kuririmba no gucurangira mu rusengero

Umurage Dawidi yasize, ni uwo gushyira mu matsinda abaririmbyi n’abacuranzi bo mu nzu ya Yehova. Yafashe Asafu, Hemani na Yedutuni (nanone ushobora kuba yaritwaga Etani), maze abaha kuyobora abaririmbyi n’abacuranzi 4.000. Muri abo baririmbyi, harimo abaririmbyi b’abahanga 288 Dawidi yari yarahaye inshingano yo gutoza abandi baririmbyi bose basigaye, kandi bakabayobora. Abo baririmbyi n’abacuranzi 4.000 babaga bari ku rusengero bose iyo habaga iminsi mikuru itatu ikomeye yabaga buri mwaka. Tekereza ukuntu iyo korari yari nziza cyane!—1 Ibyo ku Ngoma 23:5; 25:1, 6, 7.

Abagabo ni bo bonyine baririmbiraga mu rusengero. Baririmbiraga hamwe nk’uko bigaragara mu 2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 5:13. Aho hagira hati ‘abaririmbaga bahuzaga amajwi.’ Hari indirimbo zabaga zidafite inyikirizo, urugero nka Zaburi ya 3 n’izindi zaburi zahimbwe na Dawidi. Izindi zo zabaga zifite inyikirizo, urugero nka Zaburi ya 42:6, 12 na 43:5. Nanone abantu bakundaga cyane indirimbo zaririmbwaga n’abaririmbyi bungikanyaga amajwi. Uko ni ko baririmbaga Zaburi ya 24. Nta gushidikanya ko iyo zaburi yanditswe igihe Dawidi yazanaga isanduku y’isezerano ku Musozi wa Siyoni.—2 Samweli 6:11-17.

Icyakora Abalewi si bo bonyine baririmbaga. Iyo abantu babaga bazamuka bajya i Yerusalemu mu minsi mikuru yabaga buri mwaka,  bararirimbaga. Birashoboka ko aho ariho imvugo ngo “Indirimbo z’amazamuka,” yakomotse (Zaburi 120 kugeza 134). Urugero, muri Zaburi ya 133 Dawidi agaragaza ko yishimiraga imishyikirano ya kivandimwe Abisirayeli babaga bafitanye icyo gihe. Yatangiye avuga ati “dorere, erega ni byiza n’iby’igikundiro, ko abavandimwe baturana bahuje!” Gerageza gutekereza uko umuzika wajyanaga n’ayo magambo wari umeze!

Uruhare rw’umuzika mu gusenga Yehova

Kimwe cya cumi cya Bibiliya kigizwe n’indirimbo nk’izo, kandi igitabo cya Zaburi gitera abantu inkunga yo gusingiza Yehova (Zaburi 150). Umuzika ufite imbaraga zituma umuntu yibagirwa imihangayiko y’ubuzima, kandi kuririmba bishobora kubera umuntu nk’amavuta yomora ibikomere by’umutima. Icyakora nanone Bibiliya itera abantu bishimye inkunga yo kuririmba za zaburi.—Yakobo 5:13.

Umuntu ashobora kugaragaza ko afite ukwizera kandi ko akunda Imana binyuriye mu ndirimbo. Mu ijoro ryabanjirije urupfu rwa Yesu, we n’intumwa ze barangije kurya bararirimbye (Matayo 26:30). Yesu Mwene Dawidi agomba kuba yararirimbaga mu ijwi ryiza cyane, kubera ko yari yariyumviye indirimbo zihebuje zaririmbwaga mu ijuru! Bashobora kuba bararirimbye Hallel zo muri Zaburi ya 113 kugeza ku ya 118. Biramutse ari uko bimeze, Yesu yaba yararirimbanye n’intumwa ze zitari zizi ibintu byose byari bigiye kuba, indirimbo igira iti “nkundira Uwiteka, kuko yumvise ijwi ryanjye no kwinginga kwanjye. . . . Ingoyi z’urupfu zantaye hagati, uburibwe bw’ikuzimu bwaramfashe. . . . ‘Uwiteka, ndakwinginze kiza ubugingo bwanjye.’”—Zaburi 116:1-4.

Umuzika ntiwahimbwe n’abantu. Bibiliya ivuga ko no mu ijuru baririmba kandi bagacuranga, aho abamarayika bacurangisha inanga z’ikigereranyo, kandi bagahimbaza Yehova bakikije intebe ye (Ibyahishuwe 5:9; 14:3; 15:2, 3). Yehova yahaye abantu umuzika, kandi ashyira mu mitima yabo icyifuzo cyo gukunda umuzika n’icyo kugaragaza uko biyumva bacuranga cyangwa baririmba. Umuntu ufite ukwizera abona ko umuzika ari impano ituruka ku Mana.—Yakobo 1:17.

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 27]

“Kandi mu gihe cy’umunezero wanyu, no mu minsi mikuru yanyu, . . . mujye muvuza ayo makondera.”—KUBARA 10:10

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 28]

“Uwiteka ni we mwungeri wanjye sinzakena, andyamisha mu cyanya cy’ubwatsi bubisi, anjyana iruhande rw’amazi adasuma.”—ZABURI 23:1, 2

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 29]

“Abandi ibihumbi bine bari abo guhimbarisha Uwiteka ibintu nakoze, (ni ko Dawidi yavuze) ngo babimushimishe.”—1 IBYO KU NGOMA 23:4, 5

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 29]

Dawidi yagaragaje ibyiyumvo bitandukanye yari afite, mu magambo no mu njyana y’umuzika

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 30]

‘Haleluya. Muyishimishe ishako n’imbyino. Ibihumeka byose bishime Uwiteka.’—ZABURI 150:1, 4, 6

[Agasanduku/​Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 28]

 Ibikoresho byo mu bihe bya Bibiliya

Mu bikoresho by’umuzika byakoreshwaga, harimo nebelu, inanga n’inanga z’imirya icumi (Zaburi 92:4). Ibyo bikoresho babicurangishaga Alamoti na Sheminiti, ayo magambo akaba ashobora kuba yerekeza ku majwi yo hejuru n’ayo hasi (1 Ibyo ku Ngoma 15:20, 21, NW ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji). Mu bikoresho by’umuringa bahuhagamo, harimo umwironge n’ihembe. Nanone, harimo n’amakondera ‘bavuzaga’ akarangurura (2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 7:6; 1 Samweli 10:5; Zaburi 150:3, 4). Mu gihe cyo gutaha urusengero, abavuzaga amakondera n’abaririmbaga ‘bahuje amajwi’ (2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 5:12, 13). Ibyo bishobora kuba bisobanura ko baririmbaga ijwi rimwe, maze amajwi akagenda umujyo umwe. Mu bikoresho by’umuzika bajegezaga harimo ishako, ibinyuguri hamwe n’“ibintu by’imiberoshi by’uburyo bwose.” Nanone hari “ibyuma [bito] bivuza amajwi mato” n’ibindi ‘byuma [binini] birenga.’—2 Samweli 6:5; Zaburi 150:5.

[Amafoto]

Hejuru: Igishushanyo cyitiriwe Titus kiri i Roma mu Butaliyani cyerekana impanda zakuwe mu rusengero i Yerusalemu mu mwaka wa 70. Ibiceri byo mu mwaka wa 130 biriho ibikoresho by’umuzika byakoreshwaga n’Abayahudi

[Aho ifoto yavuye]

Coins: © 2007 by David Hendin. All rights reserved.