Itongo ry’i Edeni ryoba ryarabayeho koko?

WOBA uzi inkuru ya Adamu na Eva be n’itongo ry’i Edeni? Abantu benshi hirya no hino kw’isi barayimenyereye. Ubona gute uyisomeye? Uyisanga mw’⁠Itanguriro 1:26–3:24. Muri make, ng’ibi ibivugwa muri iyo nkuru:

Yehova Imana * ararema umuntu amukuye mu mukungugu, akamwita Adamu, maze akamushira mw’itongo ryiza riri ahantu hitwa Edeni. Imana ubwayo ni yo yatunganije iryo tongo. Iryo tongo riravomewe neza kandi ryuzuyemwo ibiti vyiza vy’ivyamwa. Hagati muri iryo tongo hari “igiti c’ubumenyi bw’iciza n’ikibi.” Imana irabuza abantu kurya kuri ico giti, ikavuga yuko uwuzobirengako azopfa. Mu nyuma Yehova araremera Adamu umugenzi, ari we wa mugore Eva, akamurema akoresheje urubavu rwa Adamu. Imana irabashinga igikorwa co kwitwararika iryo tongo ikongera ikababwira ngo barondoke buzure isi.

Igihe Eva ari wenyene, inzoka iravugana na we, ikamwosha kurya ca camwa cabujijwe ivuga yuko ngo Imana yamuhenze be n’uko yamwimye ikintu ciza, ikintu cotuma amera nk’Imana. Uwo mugore aremera maze akarya ca camwa. Mu nyuma Adamu aramwiyungako mu kugambararira Imana. Yehova aca agira ico akoze mu gucira urubanza Adamu, Eva be n’iyo nzoka. Abo bantu bamaze kwirukanwa muri rya tongo ry’Iparadizo, abamarayika baca bazibira ubwinjiriro bwaryo.

Abahinga, incabwenge n’abatohozakahise barigeze kuba bakunze kwemeza ko ibintu vyiganwa mu gitabu c’Itanguriro ari ivy’ukuri kandi vyabaye  koko. Muri ino misi hoho, kutemera ivyo bintu vyose ni vyo nyabuna biharawe. None ayo makenga bagira ku bijanye n’inkuru yo mw’⁠Itanguriro yerekeye Adamu, Eva be n’itongo ry’i Edeni, ashingiye ku ki? Reka twihweze ibintu bine bakunze kuvyurako ibibazo.

1. Itongo ry’i Edeni hoba ari ahantu habayeho koko?

Kubera iki hari amakenga kuri ico kintu? Ivyiyumviro vya filozofiya bishobora kuba vyarabigizemwo uruhara. Mu binjana n’ibindi vyahise, abanyatewolojiya biyumvira yuko iryo tongo ry’Imana rikiriho, riri ahantu kanaka. Ariko rero, amadini yaragizweko akosho n’abafilozofe b’Abagiriki nka Pulato na Arisitote, bano bakaba bigisha yuko ata kintu na kimwe co kw’isi coshobora kuba kitagira akanenge, ngo ijuru ni ryo ryonyene ryoshobora kubamwo ibitagira akanenge. Ivyo rero vyatumye abanyatewolojiya biyumvira yuko ya Paradizo yo mu ntango ibwirizwa kuba yari hafi y’ijuru. * Hari abavuze yuko iryo tongo ryari kw’isonga ry’umusozi muremure rwose washika neza na neza hejuru y’uwu mubumbe wononekaye; abandi bavuze yuko iryo tongo ryari kw’Isonga ry’epfo canke rya ruguru ry’umubumbe w’isi; abandi na bo bavuze yuko iryo tongo ryari ku kwezi canke hafi yakwo. Ntibitangaje rero kubona ivy’itongo ry’i Edeni vyaciye bisigara bibonwa nk’ibintu abantu bikuriye mu mutwe gusa. Hari abahinga bo mu gihe ca none babona yuko kurondera kumenya aho Edeni yari iherereye ari uguta umwanya, bakavuga yuko ahantu nk’aho hatigeze habaho.

Ariko rero, si ukwo Bibiliya idondora iryo tongo. Mw’​Itanguriro 2:8-14, turahasanga amakuru atari make y’ido n’ido adondora aho hantu. Iryo tongo ryari mu gice co mu buseruko c’akarere kitwa Edeni. Ryavomerwa n’uruzi rwakomokako inzuzi zine. Rumwerumwe rwose muri izo nzuzi ruravugwa izina kandi aho ruca hakadondorwa muri make. Ayo makuru y’ido n’ido yaranungwishije abahinga bamwebamwe, benshi muri bo bakaba baciye basesangura iyo mirongo ya Bibiliya bayironderamwo amakuru yobafasha kumenya aho ico kibanza ca kera giherereye muri iki gihe. Yamara, bashitse ku vyiyumviro vyinshi cane bidahuza. Ivyo vyoba none bisobanura ko amakuru adondora ingene i Edeni hari hameze, itongo ryaho be n’inzuzi zaho, ari ikinyoma canke umugani?

Zirikana kuri iki kintu: Ibintu vyabaye bivugwa mu nkuru yerekeye itongo ry’i Edeni, haheze imyaka nka 6.000 bibaye. Biboneka ko vyanditswe na Musa, akaba ashobora kuba yarikoze ku nkuru zagiye zirahanahanwa ku munwa canke kumbure ivyandikano vyari bisanzwe biriho ico gihe. Yamara, Musa yavyanditse haciye imyaka nka 2.500 vyarabaye. Ivya Edeni vyari bisigaye ari ibintu vyo muri kahise. Ibintu biranga akarere nk’inzuzi canke ibindi, vyoba none bishoboka ko bigenda birahinduka mu kiringo c’ibinjana n’ibindi? Isi-butaka iguma ihinduka. Akarere gashobora kuba karimwo Edeni ni ahantu usanga hakunda kuba vya nyamugigima, akaba ari ho haturuka ibice nka 17 kw’ijana vy’ibinyamugigima bishika kure cane kuruta ibindi vyose kw’isi. Muri utwo turere, amahinduka si ikintu c’imbonekarimwe. N’ikindi kandi, rya Segenya ryo mu misi ya Nowa rishobora kuba ryarahinduye isi-butaka mu buryo tutomenya na gato muri iki gihe. *

 Naho ari ukwo, ehe raba bimwebimwe mu bintu tuzi neza: Inkuru yo mw’⁠Itanguriro yerekana ko iryo tongo ari ahantu habayeho koko. Zibiri muri za nzuzi zine zivugwa muri iyo nkuru, ni ukuvuga Efurate na Tigiri canke Hidekeli, ziracatemba muri iki gihe, kandi amwamwe mu masôko yazo ari hafi na hafi. Iyo nkuru iranavuga amazina y’intara izo nzuzi zacamwo, ikadomako n’ubutunzi kama buzwi cane muri ako karere. Ayo makuru y’ido n’ido yari n’ico avuze ku baba muri Isirayeli ya kera, ari na bo batanguye gusoma iyo nkuru.

Mbega imigani n’ibitito vyoba ari ukwo usanga vyigana ibintu? Canke vyoba nyabuna bikunda gukuramwo amakuru y’ido n’ido vyoroshe ko umuntu asuzuma canke abeshuza? Imigani usanga akenshi itangura ngo: “Harabaye . . . ” Ariko inkuru z’ukuri zozo usanga zikunda gushiramwo amakuru y’ido n’ido ari n’ico avuze, nk’uko biri kuri iyo nkuru ijanye na Edeni.

2. Umuntu yoba vy’ukuri yokwemera yuko Imana yaremye Adamu mu mukungugu, Eva na we mu rubavu rwa Adamu?

Ubuhinga bwa siyansi bwa none bwaremeje yuko umubiri w’umuntu ugizwe n’ibintu bitandukanye vya nkenerwa kandi bigwiriye, ivyo vyose tukaba tubisanga mu butaka. None ivyo bintu vyashizwe hamwe gute kugira bivemwo ikiremwa kizima?

Abanyasiyansi bavuga yuko ngo ubuzima bwiyadukije, butangurana n’ibinyabuzima bisanzwe cane, maze ngo mu myaka amamiliyoni yakurikiye bigenda birarushiriza kuba ibigoye itahura. Ariko rero, iryo jambo ngo “bisanzwe” rirashobora kuduhenda kuko ibinyabuzima vyose, ushizemwo mbere n’utunyabuzima inzatsa tugizwe n’akagingo ngengabuzima kamwe gusa, usanga bigizwe n’ibintu vyinshi kandi bigoye itahura mu buryo butangaje. Nta kimenyamenya na kimwe cemeza yuko hari ikinyabuzima c’ubwoko na bumwe cigeze ciyadukiza canke conashobora kwiyadukiza. Ahubwo riho, ibinyabuzima vyose birerekana neza ata kwihenda yuko vyashizweho n’uwufise ubwenge burengeye kure n’iyo ubwacu. *​—Abaroma 1:20.

Mbega woshobora kuba uriko wumviriza urunywane ruryoshe cane rw’amajwi y’umuziki canke uriko utangarira igicapo giteye igomwe kibure ikintu kanaka ubuhinga bwa none bwashitseko, ugaca uvuga ushimitse yuko ivyo vyose vyikoze? Oya nawe nu! Naho ari ukwo, ivyo bintu bikomeye vyose nta woruha abigereranya n’umubiri w’umuntu uravye ukuntu waremwe ugizwe n’ibintu vyinshi bigoye itahura, ukaremanwa ubwiza n’ubuhinga. Wumva twoshobora gute none kwiyumvira ngo ntivyashizweho n’Umuremyi? Vyongeye, inkuru yo mw’⁠Itanguriro irasigura yuko mu  bifise ubuzima vyose vyo kw’isi, abantu ari bo bonyene baremwe mw’ishusho y’Imana. (Itanguriro 1:26) Birabereye rero kubona abantu ari bo bonyene bashoboye kugaragaza icipfuzo Imana ifise co kurema, rimwe na rimwe bagahingura ibintu vyiza igitangaza nk’umuziki, utugenegene n’ibintu vyo mu buhinga bwa none. Wumva none bikwiye kudutangaza kuba Imana iturusha cane ubuhinga bwo kurema ibintu?

Nayo ivyo kurema umugore hakoreshejwe urubavu rw’umugabo, ikigoye muri ivyo ni igiki? * Imana yari gushobora gukoresha ubundi buryo, ariko uburyo yakoresheje mu kurema uwo mugore bwari bufise insobanuro ihimbaye cane. Yashaka ko uwo mugabo n’umugore bubakana maze bakanywana, bakamera nk’aho ari “umubiri umwe.” (Itanguriro 2:24) Mbega uburyo umugabo n’umugore bashobora kwunganirana, hagati yabo hakaba ubucuti butekanye kandi bugira ico bwunguye umwe wese muri bo, ubona atari ikimenyamenya gikomeye cerekana ko hariho Umuremyi w’inkerebutsi kandi yuzuye urukundo?

N’ikindi kandi, abahinga mu vy’utugingo ngengakamere bo mu gihe ca none barashigikiye ivy’uko abantu bose bashobora kuba barakomotse ku mugabo umwe n’umugore umwe bonyene. Tuvugishije ukuri, wumva none inkuru yo mw’⁠Itanguriro ivuga ibintu bidashoboka?

3. Igiti c’ubumenyi be n’igiti c’ubuzima womengo ni ibintu vyo mu migani.

Mu vy’ukuri, inkuru yo mw’⁠Itanguriro ntiyerekana yuko ivyo biti ubwavyo vyari bifise ububasha vyisangije canke busiga ubwenge. Ahubwo riho, vyari ibiti bisanzwe Yehova yahaye insobanuro y’ikigereranyo.

Abantu bobo ugira ngo rimwe na rimwe ntibagira ikintu nk’ico? Nk’akarorero, umucamanza arashobora kugabisha abantu ku bijanye n’icaha co gukengera sentare. Si impome z’inyubakwa iyo sentare ikoreramwo canke ibikoresho biri muri yo uwo mucamanza aba ashaka ko badasuzugura, ahubwo aba ashaka ko badasuzugura urwego rw’ubutungane iyo sentare iba iserukira. Vyongeye, abami batandukanye barakoresheje inkoni y’ubutware be n’urugori nk’ibintu vyerekana ububasha bafise bwo kuganza.

Uti none ivyo biti bibiri vyagereranya iki? Hari ivyiyumviro vyinshi bigoye gutahura vyatanzwe. Inyishu y’ukuri y’ico kibazo, naho yoroshe, irafise insobanuro igera kure cane. Igiti c’ubumenyi bw’iciza n’ikibi cagereranya ikintu Imana yonyene yiharije, ni ukuvuga uburenganzira bwo gushinga  icobonwa ko ari ciza canke kibi. (Yeremiya 10:23) Ntibitangaje rero kuba cari icaha gikomeye kwiba icamwa co kuri ico giti! Igiti c’ubuzima na co, cagereranya ingabirano ishobora gutangwa n’Imana yonyene, ni ukuvuga ubuzima budahera.​—Abaroma 6:23.

4. Kubona inzoka ivuga womengo ni ibintu vyo mu bitito.

Ego ni ko, uwo muce w’inkuru yo mw’⁠Itanguriro urashobora kuba uwusiga ubwenge, na canecane igihe tutisunze ibindi bivugwa muri Bibiliya. Ariko rero, Ivyanditswe biradufasha buhorobuhoro gutahura ico kintu gitangaje gisiga ubwenge.

Kugira iyo nzoka iboneke ko iriko iravuga, vyavuye kuri nde canke ku ki? Ababa muri Isirayeli ya kera bari bazi n’ibindi bintu vyabafasha cane gutahura uruhara iyo nzoka yaranguye muri ivyo. Nk’akarorero, bari bazi yuko naho ibikoko bitavuga, ikiremwa c’impwemu gishobora gutuma igikoko kiboneka ko kiriko kiravuga. Musa yaranditse n’inkuru ivuga ivyerekeye Balamu. Imana yararungitse umumarayika aratuma indogobwa ya Balamu ivuga nk’umuntu.​—Guharūra 22:26-31; 2 Petero 2:15, 16.

None ibindi biremwa vy’impwemu, ushizemwo n’ibirwanya Imana, vyoba bishobora gukora ibitangaro? Musa yari yarabonye ingene abaherezi b’abanyamageza bo mu Misiri basubiramwo ibitangaro bimwebimwe Imana yari yakoze, nko gutuma inkoni iboneka ko yahindutse inzoka. Ububasha bwo gukora ibintu bidasanzwe nk’ivyo nta handi bwari kuva atari ku bansi b’Imana bo mu karere k’impwemu.​—Kuvayo 7:8-12.

Biboneka ko Musa ari we nyene yahumekewe arandika igitabu ca Yobu. Ico gitabu caravuze vyinshi ku bijanye n’umwansi mukuru w’Imana, ni ukuvuga Shetani, umwe yavyura ibibazo birimwo ibinyoma ku bijanye n’ukudahemuka kw’abasavyi ba Yehova bose. (Yobu 1:6-11; 2:4, 5) Abisirayeli ba kera bisunze ivyo, boba baca batahura yuko Shetani ari we yakoresheje ya nzoka yo mw’itongo ry’i Edeni agatuma iboneka ko iriko iravuga ihenda Eva ngo ahemukire Imana? Ni ko biboneka.

Shetani yoba ari we yatumye iyo nzoka ivuga? Mu nyuma, Yezu yaravuze ko Shetani ari “umunyakinyoma akaba na se w’ikinyoma.” (Yohani 8:44) None uwo “se w’ikinyoma” si we yobazwa ikinyoma ca mbere mu binyoma vyose vyigeze kuvugwa? Ikinyoma ca mbere tugisanga mu majambo iyo nzoka yabwiye Eva. Mu kuvuguruza imburizi Imana yari yatanze ivuga yuko uworiye kuri ca camwa cabujijwe yopfuye, iyo nzoka yagize iti: “Haba namba ntimuzopfa.” (Itanguriro 3:4) Biribonekeza ko Yezu yari azi yuko Shetani ari we yakoresheje iyo nzoka. Ivyo Yezu yahishuriye intumwa Yohani biradukurira inkoni ku gishitsi mu kwita Shetani “ya nzoka yo mu ntango.”​—Ivyahishuwe 1:1; 12:9.

Coba ari ikintu kitumvikana umuntu yemeye yuko ikiremwa c’impwemu c’ikinyabubasha coshobora gukoresha inzoka, kigatuma isa n’uko iriko iravuga? N’abantu ari abantu tuzi ko bafise ububasha buri munsi cane y’ubw’ibiremwa vy’impwemu, barashobora gukoresha ubuhinga bugoye gutahura burimwo urwenge bagatuma ikintu kanaka kivuga nk’umuntu, bakanatunganya amasanamu ku buryo wibaza ngo ivyo uriko urabona ni vyo kandi atari vyo.

 Ikimenyamenya gikura amazinda kuruta ibindi

Ubona twoba twihenze tuvuze ko amakenga abantu bagira ku nkuru yo mw’⁠Itanguriro ata shingiro afise vy’ukuri? Hariho ibimenyamenya bikomeye vyerekana ko iyo nkuru ivuga ibintu vyabaye koko.

Nk’akarorero, Yezu Kristu yitwa “ca cabona cizigirwa kandi c’ukuri.” (Ivyahishuwe 3:14) Igihe yari kw’isi ari umuntu atunganye, nta kinyoma yigeze acisha mu kanwa canke ngo agoreke ukuri mu buryo na bumwe. Ikigeretseko, yigishije yuko yari yarabayeho imbere y’uko aba kw’isi ari umuntu; kukaba nkako, yari yarabanye na Se Yehova “imbere y’uko isi ibaho.” (Yohani 17:5) Ku bw’ivyo, yari asanzwe ariho igihe ubuzima bwatangura kw’isi. None ico cabona co kwizigirwa kuruta ibindi vyose, ni intahe iyihe cashinze?

Yezu yarerekanye ko Adamu na Eva ari abantu babayeho koko. Yaravuze ibijanye n’umubano wabo igihe yariko asigura ingingo ngenderwako ya Yehova ijanye n’ukwabirana n’umuntu umwe gusa. (Matayo 19:3-6) Nimba batigeze babaho, itongo babayemwo na ryo rikaba ari umugani gusa, bica bisobanura rero ko Yezu yari yarahenzwe canke ko yari umubeshi. Nta na kimwe muri ivyo gishobora kuba ari ukuri! Yezu yari yarabaye mw’ijuru, akaba yari yariboneye ingene ibara rigwa muri iryo tongo. Hari ikindi kimenyamenya none coza kidukura amazinda kuruta ico?

Mu vy’ukuri, kutemera inkuru yo mw’⁠Itanguriro bituma umuntu atizera Yezu. Bituma kandi umuntu adashobora gutahura bimwebimwe mu bintu bihambaye kuruta ibindi vyose Bibiliya yigisha be n’imihango imwimwe iremesha kuruta iyindi yose tuyisangamwo. Uti gute? Reka tubirabe.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]