Woba wari ubizi?

Ni ivyaha ibihe Baraba yakoze?

▪ Injili zose uko ari zine ziravuga ivyerekeye Baraba, wa mugabo umutegetsi w’Umuroma Ponsiyo Pilato yarekura mu gishingo ca Yezu. Baraba yitwa “imbohe rurangiranwa” akitwa kandi “umwambuzi.” (Matayo 27:16; Yohani 18:40) Yari mw’ibohero ry’Abaroma ryari i Yeruzalemu “ari kumwe n’abagumutsi, mu bugumutsi bwabo bakaba bari bakoze ubwicanyi.”​—Mariko 15:7.

Naho ata kintu kihari cotwemeza ivyaha Baraba yakoze, kuba yari mu mugwi w’abagumutsi bituma incabwenge zimwezimwe zivuga ko yari umwe mu bagize imigwi y’abantu bari babangamiye ubutegetsi muri Isirayeli yo mu kinjana ca mbere. Umutohozakahise yitwa Flavius Josèphe yandika ko utugwi tw’abagumutsi ari two twaja imbere mu vyo guharanira inyungu z’abanyagihugu zo muri ico gihe; izo nkozi z’ikibi zikaba zavuga ko zirwanira agateka k’Abayuda batobato bahahazwa. Ukwo kugarariza ivyabonwa ko ari akarenganyo k’Abaroma n’Abayuda b’abanyacubahiro kwarageze aho kumera nk’ikiza, amaja hagati na hagati mu kinjana ca mbere G.C. (G.C. bisobanura mu Gihe Cacu). Utugwi tw’abagumutsi twahavuye tugira igice kinini ca za ngabo z’Abayuda zirukana Abaroma zibakuye i Yudaya mu 66 G.C.

Igitabu kimwe c’inyizamvugo (The Anchor Bible Dictionary) kigira giti: “Baraba ashobora kuba yari mu bagize utugwi tw’inkorabara two mu gihugu hagati. Utwo tugwi tw’inkorabara twarakundwa n’abantu babayabaye kubera twaharanira ko Isirayeli iba igihugu cifashe tukongera tukadurumbanya intwaro y’Abaroma.”

Mu gihe c’Abaroma, ni ivyaha ibihe vyahanishwa urupfu nka rumwe rwa Yezu?

▪ Mu guhana ababangamiye ubutegetsi, abagumutsi n’abandi bagarariji, Abaroma barabamanika ku kintu co kubabarizwako, bakabagumizaho gushika bapfuye. Ico gihano cabonwa ko ari bwo buryo bwo gupfa nabi kuruta ubundi bwose bushoboka.

Ku bijanye n’ukumanikwa, igitabu kimwe (Palestine in the Time of Jesus) kivuga giti: “Kwagirwa ku mugaragaro, kugatetereza kandi kukababaza cane. Kwari kugenewe kandi gutera ubwoba uwo ari we wese yohirahiriye ngo adurumbanye urutonde rw’ibintu.” Umwanditsi umwe wa kera w’Umuroma yavuze ku bijanye no kwica inkozi z’ikibi ati: “Bacagura ibibanza vyo ku mabarabara acamwo abantu benshi, aho abantu benshi bashoboka bashobora kubibona maze bagatekerwa n’ubwoba.”

Nk’uko Josèphe abivuga, hari imbohe imwe y’intambara yafashwe n’ingabo za Titusi ca gihe igisagara ca Yeruzalemu cugarizwa mu 70 G.C., ica yicwa muri ubwo buryo imbere y’impome z’igisagara kugira ngo izo ngabo zitere ubwoba abo barwana ngo bace bishikana. Igihe amaherezo ico gisagara catsindwa, abandi bantu benshi barishwe muri ubwo buryo nyene.

Abantu benshi cane biciwe rimwe muri ubwo buryo bavugwa mu nkuru za kahise ni abishwe mu mpera ya bwa bugumutsi bwari buyobowe n’uwitwa Spartacus (mu 73-71 B.G.C., B.G.C. bikaba bisobanura imbere y’igihe cacu), igihe abashumba be n’abakina ivyo kurwana 6.000 bicirwa kw’ibarabara riva i Kapuwa rija i Roma.

[Ifoto ku rup. 10]

“Turekurire Baraba.” Vyashushanijwe na Charles Muller, 1878