Olivétan ‘Umulumendo Waicefya Uwapilibwile’ Baibolo ya CiFrench

Pa 13 September 1540, ilyo bakapokola balesokota mu ng’anda ya kwa Collin Pellenc, basangile ifyalembwa fimo mu muputule alefisamo ifintu kabili pali ifi fyalembwa pali ne citabo icikalamba. Pe bula lyalenga bubili ilya ici citabo pali amashiwi ya kuti: “P. Robert Olivetanus, umulumendo waicefya uupilibula ifitabo.” Ici citabo cali ni Baibolo ya bena Waldo! Collin Pellenc balimwikete, bamupeele umulandu wa kupondokela icalici, kabili balimocele.

PALI iyi nshita, ninshi Icalici lya Katolika mu France lyalima apasweka ukwipaya abalesambilisha ifyapuseneko pa kuti amasambilisho ayo icalici lyalemona ukuti yalibipa yesalangana. Ifi fine e fyo icalici lyalecita na mu Bulaya monse. Umo uwalesambilisha ifyapusene ne fyo icalici lyalesambilisha ni Guillaume Farel uwaiminine pa kwalula bonse abalelanda iciFrench pa kuti basumine mu fyalesambilisha Martin Luther, uwalengele sana ukuti kube ba Protestanti. Farel, uwafyalilwe mu Citungu ca Dauphiné icabela lwa ku kabanga aka France, alishibe ukuti ukupulinta ifitabo e kwali no kubafwa sana ukulenga abantu ukwaluka. Pa kulenga abantu abengi ukwaluka, alekabila ututabo, ifitabo, e lyo na maBaibolo. Lelo ni bani bali no kumupeela indalama sha kupulintila? Alombele abena Waldo, abashalepepa mu Katolika abaleshimikila pali Baibolo!

Intungulushi Shakumana mu Chanforan

Mu September mu 1532, intungulushi she calici lya bena Waldo shalikumene mu Chanforan, umushi waba mupepi no musumba wa Turin, ku Italy. Pa myaka iingi, abena Waldo balelanshanya na bantu abalesambilisha ifyapusene ne fyalesambilisha icalici lya ba Katolika. E co, Farel na banankwe bambi balibetile kuli kulya kukumana. Abena Waldo balefwaya ukwishiba nga ca kuti ifyo balesambilisha fyalipalene ne fyalesambilisha Luther na bantu bakwe. *

Ilyo bakumene mu Chanforan, Farel alilondolwele bwino bwino ifintu ica kuti fyalifikile abakumene pa mutima. Ilyo intungulushi sha bena Waldo shamulangile Baibolo yabo iya kale iyo bakopolwelele mu citundu cabo, Farel alibanashanasha basuka basumina ukumupeela indalama sha kupulinta Baibolo iya ciFrench. Iyi yali no kupusanako ne ya mu 1523 iyo Lefèvre d’Étaples apilibwile ukufuma mu ciLatin, pantu yena yali no kupilibulwa ukufuma mu ciHebere ne ciGriki. Lelo nani wali no kubomba uyu mulimo?

Farel alishibe uwali no kubomba uyu mulimo. Ishina lyakwe ali ni Pierre Robert, lelo abengi bamwishibe ukuti Olivétan. * Olivétan ali ni kafundisha umulumendo uwafyalilwe mu citungu ca Picardy icabela ku kapinda ka ku kuso aka France. Olivétan, umufyala wa kwa John Calvin, ali muntu  uwacetekelwa kabili ali pa balefwaisha ukuti ifintu fyaluke mu mipepele. Alipoosele ne myaka iingi mu Strasbourg umo alesambilila indimi balembelemo Baibolo pa kubala.

Olivétan abutukile ku Switzerland nga filya fine fyacitile Farel na bambi abengi. Abanankwe balimupapeete ukuti asumine ukupilibula Baibolo. Pa numa ya kukaana imiku iingi, asukile asumina ukupilibula Baibolo “ukufuma mu ciHebere ne ciGriki ukutwala mu ciFrench.” E lyo abena Waldo bafumishe indalama ishingi nga nshi isha kupulintila Baibolo.

Mwankole na Mampolyo

Ku kutampa kwa mwaka wa 1534, Olivétan aile eka ku mpili shaba mu mupaka wa calo ca France no kutendeka umulimo wa kupilibula. Ifyo asendele fye mabuuku epela. Abasoma aba muno nshiku kuti batemwa sana ukukwata yalya mabuuku yalekanalekana akwete. Pa mabuuku akwete pali amaBaibolo ya mu ciSyriac, mu ciGriki, na mu ciLatin, ifitabo filanda pa mafunde ya bakasambilisha abaYuda, ifitabo filanda pa lulimi lwa bena Kaldi, e lyo ne fitabo fimbi ifingi. Lelo icacindeme sana ca kuti alikwete Baibolo ya ciHebere iyo bapulintile mu musumba wa Venice.

Pa kupilibula Amalembo ayo abengi beta ukuti Icipingo Cipya, Olivétan alebomfya sana amashiwi yaba muli Baibolo ya ciFrench iyapilibwile Lefèvre d’Étaples, lelo limo alebomfyako na yali muli Baibolo ya ciGriki iya kwa Erasmus uwasoma uwa ku Netherlands. Olivétan asalilepo ukubomfya amashiwi ayapusene na yo ba Katolika balebomfya. Ku ca kumwenako, alebomfya ishiwi lya kuti “kangalila” ukucila ilya kuti “shikofu,” na “icilonganino” ukucila “icalici.”

Pa kupilibula Amalembo ayo abengi beta ukuti Icipingo ca Kale, Olivétan abomfeshe fye Baibolo ya ciHebere kabili akonkele filya fine fye amashiwi yali mu ciHebere. Nga alesekesha umwine aleti ukupilibwila iciHebere mu ciFrench kwali kwati “kusambilisha mampolyo uulila ubusaka sana ukulalila kwati ni mwankole uwakoma ishiwi”!

Mu Malembo ya ciHebere, Olivétan alisangilemo ishina lya kwa Lesa (YHWH) imiku iingi nga nshi. Asalilepo ukulalipilibula ukuti “Uwa Muyayaya,” insoselo iyaishileseeka sana mu ma Baibolo ya ciFrench aya baProtestanti. Lelo mumo mumo alesalapo ukubomfya ishina lya kuti “Yehova,” nga pa Ukufuma 6:3.

Ica kupapusha ca kuti pa 12 February, mu 1535, pa numa fye ya mwaka umo nelyo ukucilapo panono, Olivétan atile alipwishishe ukupilibula Baibolo! Apo alisumine ukuti “ni kale atendeke uyu mulimo [wa kupilibula Baibolo] eka fye,” mu mwaka wa 1534/1535 afwile e lyo alepwishisha uyu mulimo ukalamba. Uyu kapilibula waicefya atile: “Nimomba ukulingana na papelele amaka yandi.” Icasheleko fye nomba kupulinta Baibolo ya kubalilapo iya mu ciFrench iyo bapilibwile ukulingana ne fyo iciHebere ne ciGriki cali.

Bapulintila mu Kampani ka kwa Pirot

Pierre de Wingle, uwaishibikwe no kuti Pirot Picard, umunankwe wa kwa Farel kabili uwalepulinta ifitabo fya balesambilisha ifyapusene ne fyo ba Katolika balesambilisha, e o bali no kupeela uyu mulimo. Ilyo Icalici lya Katolika lyamufulumwine mu Lyon, abutukile ku Neuchâtel, mu Switzerland, mu 1533. Ilyo abena Waldo bamupeele indalama, atendeke ukulapulinta sana  impapulo isho ba Katolika balemona ukuti sha busangu. Ku ca kumwenako, akampani kakwe, e kapulintile ifipepala ifyo balembelepo amashiwi ya kusuusha Iminsa, kabili fimo pali ifi fyalifikile na kwi sano lya Mfumu ya ku France, Francis I, iyalepepa ku Katolika.

Na kabili, de Wingle alitampile ukupulinta, lelo uno muku alepulinta Baibolo! Pa kuti bapwishe bwangu ukupulinta ukubomfya fye fimashini fibili, abantu bane nelyo basano e balebombela pali mashini imo. Mu “mwaka wa 1535, pa 4 June,” de Wingle alisaine pe bula lyalenga bubili ilya Baibolo Olivétan apilibwile. Mu mashiwi ya kutampilapo, kapilibula atile apilibwilile abantu abalanda “abatitikishiwa” ku “ntambi isha fye.”

Bonse balitemenwe iyi Baibolo. Bali-ilembele bwino kabili yali iya-anguka ukubelenga no kumfwa, pe bula limo paleba imikululo ibili kabili baliyakenye mu fipandwa na maparagrafu. Utulembo twali mu mbali twalelanga ukuti uwapilibwile alisambilile sana. Ku mpela ya Baibolo kwaliba ifyebo ifinono ifisokolola ukuti “abena Waldo, abaleshimikila imbila nsuma, e balengele ukuti abantu bonse bakwate ici cuma.”

Bali-ipilibwile Sana Nomba Banono fye Baishitile

Nangu cingati pa kubala Baibolo yapilibwile Olivétan baleilengulula, muno nshiku baimona ukuti yalipilibulwa bwino sana. Na kabili, e yo ba Protestanti balebomfya pa kupilibula ama Baibolo pa myaka 300.

Nangu bapulintile amakope 1,000, yanono fye bashitishepo. Icalengele ca kuti pali ilya nshita takwali ukusabankanya Baibolo kabili iciFrench calealuka bwangu. Na kabili yalifinine ica kuti taca-angukile abaleshimikila nelyo abalebelenga mu bumfisolo ukulaisenda. Yafinine amakilogramu 5.

Nangu ca kuti Collin Pellenc uwaleikala ku France, uo twacilandapo pa kubala, alikweteko iyi Baibolo yapilibwile Olivétan, tayale-enda sana. Mu 1670, ninshi palipita ne myaka mupepi na 150, mwi shitolo baleshitishamo mwalishele Baibolo imo.

“Uwabula Ishina Uushakwata no ko Ekala”

Ilyo apwile ukupilibula Baibolo, Olivétan alilekele ukumfwika. Ilyo alelembulula Icipingo Cipya na mabuuku yamo yamo aya mu Cipingo ca Kale, alebomfya amashina yambi. Na kabili abikile amano ku mulimo umbi uo atemenwe, uwa bukafundisha. Apo ali ni kafundisha uwacenjela, alilembulwile ne citabo cakwe icaleti Amafunde ya Baice, ico alembele abacaice ukubasambilisha imibele isuma e lyo ne fya kusambilila ukubelenga iciFrench. Ici citabo calelanda pa fyaba mu Baibolo. Pa mashina alebomfya pali ne lya kuti Belisem de Belimakom, ilipilibula ukuti “Uwabula Ishina Uushakwata no ko Ekala.”

Olivétan afwilile mu Roma, mu 1538, ninshi ali ne myaka ukucilako fye panono pali 30. Bantu fye abanono muno nshiku abaishiba umulimo wacindama uyu mulumendo wasambilila uwafyalilwe mu Picardy abombele pa kusabankanya Baibolo ya ciFrench. Ishina lyakwe nga lilasangwa mu madikishonare, ninshi lisangwamo fye imiku iinono sana. Nga calilingile sana ishina lya uyu ‘mulumendo waicefya uwapilibwile’ Baibolo mu ciFrench, Louys Robert, uwaishibikwe no kuti Olivétan, alilasangwa mu madikishonari!

[Amafutunoti]

[Abatusuminishe Ukubomfya Icikope pe bula 18]

Archives de la Ville de Neuchâtel, Suisse /Photo: Stefano Iori

[Abatusuminishe Ukubomfya Ifikope pe bula 19]

Left photo : Alain Leprince/« La Piscine musée Roubaix Courtesy of the former Bouchard Museum, Paris

Center and right: Société de l’Histoire du Protestantisme Français, Paris

[Abatusuminishe Ukubomfya Icikope pe bula 20]

Société de l’Histoire du Protestantisme Français, Paris