Kodi Ndi Bwino Kuweruza Munthu Potengera Maonekedwe Ake?

DOKOTALA wina ankaonera pulogalamu ya pa TV ndipo m’pulogalamuyi, nduna ina yaboma la Ireland inkafunsidwa mafunso. Dokotalayu atayang’anitsitsa ndunayo anaona chinachake pankhope pake chomwe anaganiza kuti ndi chotupa. Choncho anauza ndunayo kuti ipite kuchipatala mwamsanga.

Ndunayo itapita kuchipatala inapezeka kuti inalidi ndi chotupa. Dokotalayu anali ndi luso lozindikira matenda a munthu pongomuyang’ana basi. Koma palinso anthu ena amene amakhulupirira kuti akangoona munthu koyamba, amatha kudziwa khalidwe lake komanso kudziwa ngati munthuyo ali wokhulupirika kapena ayi.

Kwa zaka zambiri akatswiri akhala akufufuza za njira yasayansi yodziwira khalidwe la munthu potengera maonekedwe ake. Buku lina linafotokoza njirayi kuti ndi “njira ya sayansi yodziwira khalidwe la munthu potengera kaonekedwe ka nkhope yake kapena kaumbidwe ka thupi lake.” (Encyclopædia Britannica) M’zaka za m’ma 1800, akatswiri a chikhalidwe cha anthu monga Francis Galton, yemwe anali m’bale wake wa Charles Darwin, ndiponso akatswiri odziwa za anthu opalamula milandu monga Cesare Lombroso wa ku Italy, ankalimbikitsanso anthu kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi pofuna kudziwa khalidwe la munthu. Koma maganizo awowo anaiwalika m’kupita kwa nthawi.

Komabe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti n’zotheka kumudziwa bwinobwino munthu pongoona mmene akuonekera. Koma kodi maganizo amene timakhala nawo tikangomuona munthu koyamba amakhaladi olondola?

Anaweruza Anthu Potengera Maonekedwe Awo

M’Baibulo, m’buku la 1 Samueli, muli chitsanzo chosonyeza kuti sibwino kuweruza munthu utangomuona koyamba. Pa nthawi ina, Yehova Mulungu anauza mneneri Samueli kuti akadzoze mwana wa Jese kuti adzakhale mfumu ya Isiraeli. Baibulo limati: “Zimene zinachitika n’zakuti, pamene [ana aamuna a Jese] anali kulowa, ndipo Samueli ataona Eliyabu, nthawi yomweyo anati: ‘Mosakayikira wodzozedwa wake waonekera pamaso pa Yehova.’ Koma Yehova anauza Samueli kuti: ‘Usaone maonekedwe ake ndi kutalika kwa msinkhu wake, pakuti ine ndamukana ameneyu. Chifukwa mmene munthu amaonera si mmene Mulungu amaonera. Munthu amaona zooneka ndi maso, koma Yehova amaona mmene mtima ulili.’” Zinachitikanso chimodzimodzi ndi ana ena 6 a Jese. Kenako zimene zinachitika sizimene mneneriyu komanso Jese ankaganiza chifukwa Mulungu anasankha Davide, yemwe anali mwana wa nambala 8, kuti adzakhale mfumu ya Isiraeli. Davide anali wamng’ono pa ana onse ndipo poyamba Jese sanaganize n’komwe zomuitana.​—1 Samueli 16:6-12.

Masiku anonso anthu amaweruza ena potengera maonekedwe awo. Posachedwapa, katswiri wina wa ku Germany wophunzitsa kafufuzidwe ka anthu opalamula milandu, anapanga kafukufuku pa nkhaniyi. Pa kafukufukuyo anagwiritsa ntchito anthu 500 amene ankaphunzira zamalamulo. Iye anabweretsa anthu 12 omwe ophunzirawo sankawadziwa ngakhale pang’ono. Pa anthu 12 amenewa panali mkulu wa apolisi, loya woimira boma pa milandu, msungichuma komanso mkulu wina wogwira ntchito ku Yunivesite, maloya komanso akuluakulu ena ogwira ntchito kukhoti, ndiponso anthu atatu amene anapalamula milandu. Ophunzirawo anauzidwa kuti anene munthu pagulupo amene akuyenera kupita kundende, mlandu umene akuganiza kuti munthuyo anapalamula ndiponso ntchito imene munthuyo amagwira. Iwo anayenera kuchita zimenezi pongotengera maonekedwe a anthuwo komanso zimene munthu aliyense ananena kuti amakonda kuchita pa nthawi yopuma.

Kodi zotsatira za kafukufuku ameneyu zinali zotani? Ophunzira pafupifupi 375 mwa ophunzira 500 amenewa, anatha kuzindikira anthu atatu amene anapalamula milandu aja. Komabe pa avereji  ophunzira 60 pa 100 alionse anatchula anthu 9 abwinobwino kuti anali opalamula milandu. Mwachitsanzo, wophunzira mmodzi pa ophunzira 7 alionse ananena kuti loya woimira boma pa milandu uja ayenera kuti amazembetsa mankhwala ozunguza bongo. Komanso wophunzira mmodzi pa ophunzira atatu alionse ananena kuti mkulu wa apolisi uja ndi wakuba. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti nthawi zina zimene timamuganizira munthu potengera maonekedwe ake sizikhala zoona. N’chifukwa chiyani tikutero?

Nthawi Zina Maonekedwe Amapusitsa

Nthawi zambiri tikangomuona munthu koyamba, timayamba kuganizira kuti munthuyo ali ndi khalidwe lakutilakuti. Timamuweruza choncho chifukwa choti timaona kuti munthuyo akufanana ndi munthu winawake amene tikumudziwa. Kuwonjezera pa maonekedwe ake, tingamuweruze potengera mtundu wake, fuko lake, kumene anachokera kapena chipembedzo chake.

Zimene timaganizazo zikakhala zoona, timayamba kudzigomera ndiponso kukhulupirira kuti tili ndi luso lotha kuzindikira khalidwe la munthu pongotengera maonekedwe ake. Koma kodi timatani tikazindikira kuti zimene tinkamuganizira poyamba zija ndi zolakwika? Ngati tili oona mtima, tiyenera kusintha maganizo olakwikawo n’kuyamba kumuona munthuyo mmene alilidi. Kupanda kusintha mmene timaonera anthu, kungakhale kuwalakwira kwambiri. Kunyada podziona kuti tili ndi luso lapadera lotha kuweruza ena n’kumene kungatipangitse kulephera kusintha n’kuyamba kuwaona anthu moyenera.

Sikuti kuweruza ena potengera maonekedwe awo n’koipa kwa munthu woweruzidwa yekhayo, koma n’koipanso kwa munthu woweruza mnzakeyo. Mwachitsanzo m’nthawi ya atumwi, Ayuda ambiri sanafune n’kuganizira komwe mfundo yoti Yesu angakhale Mesiya amene Mulungu analonjeza. Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani iwo anachita zimenezi? Iwo ankangoona kuti Yesu ndi mwana wa munthu wopala matabwa ndipo ankachita zimenezi pongotengera maonekedwe ake. Popeza iwo anali kale ndi maganizo olakwika ponena za Yesu, anakana kukhulupirira kuti iye angakhale Mesiya. Iwo anachita zimenezi ngakhale kuti anachita chidwi ndi mawu anzeru amene Yesu ankalankhula komanso ntchito zamphamvu zimene ankachita. Khalidwe lawoli linachititsa kuti Yesu ayambe kukalalikira kwa anthu amitundu ina. Iye anauza Ayudawo kuti: “Mneneri salemekezedwa kwawo kapena m’nyumba mwake, koma kwina.”​—Mateyu 13:54-58.

Ayuda amenewa anali a mu mtundu, umene kwa zaka zambiri, unkayembekezera kubwera kwa Mesiya. Zimene Ayudawa anachita pokana Yesu kuti sanali Mesiya, zinachititsa kuti Mulungu asiye kusangalala nawo. (Mateyu 23:37-39) Anthu ankaonanso otsatira a Yesu molakwika. Ambiri sankakhulupirira zoti kagulu  ka anthu omwe anali asodzi wamba komanso omwe ankanyozedwa ndi atsogoleri a chipembedzo chachiyuda, kangamaphunzitse zinthu zaphindu. Anthu amene sanasinthe maganizo awo olakwika ponena za atumwiwo, anataya mwayi wamtengo wapatali wokhala ophunzira a Mwana wa Mulungu.​—Yohane 1:10-12.

Ena Anasintha N’kukhala Okhulupirira

Komabe, anthu ena a m’nthawi ya Yesu, anadzichepetsa n’kusintha maganizo awo ataona zimene Yesu anachita. (Yohane 7:45-52) Ena mwa anthu amenewa anali abale ake a Yesu, amene poyamba sankakhulupirira zoti Yesu angakhale Mesiya. (Yohane 7:5) Koma zosangalatsa n’zakuti patapita nthawi anasintha n’kuyamba kumukhulupirira. (Machitidwe 1:14; 1 Akorinto 9:5; Agalatiya 1:19) Patapita zaka zochepa, zimenezi zinachitikanso ku Roma. Akuluakulu a Ayuda anafuna kumva maganizo a mtumwi Paulo m’malo mongotsatira mphekesera zimene anamva kwa anthu odana ndi Chikhristu. Atamvetsera, ena anakhulupirira zimene Paulo ananena.​—Machitidwe 28:22-24.

Masiku anonso, anthu ambiri amadana ndi Mboni za Yehova. Nthawi zambiri sichikhala chifukwa chakuti anthuwa anafufuza n’kupeza kuti zimene a Mboni za Yehova amakhulupirira ndiponso kuchita, sizikhala zochokera m’Malemba. Iwo amangochita zimenezi chifukwa choti sakhulupirira zoti a Mboni za Yehova angadziwe zinthu zolondola pa nkhani ya chipembedzo. Mwina mukukumbukira kuti mmenemu ndi mmenenso anthu ambiri a m’nthawi ya atumwi ankaonera Akhristu oyambirira.

N’zosadabwitsa kuti anthu amene amayesetsa kutsatira chitsanzo cha Yesu amanyozedwa. Zili choncho chifukwa chakuti Yesu anachenjeza ophunzira ake kuti: “Anthu onse adzadana nanu chifukwa cha dzina langa.” Komabe iye anawalimbikitsa powauza kuti: “Koma yekhayo amene adzapirire mpaka pa mapeto ndi amene adzapulumuke.”​—Mateyu 10:22.

A Mboni za Yehova amayesetsa kulalikira uthenga wabwino wa Ufumu wa Mulungu padziko lonse lapansi. Iwo amachita zimenezi pomvera lamulo la Yesu. (Mateyu 28:19, 20) Anthu amene safuna kumvera zimene iwo amaphunzitsa, akhoza kulephera kupeza mwayi wodziwa njira yopita kumoyo wosatha. (Yohane 17:3) Kodi nanunso mumadana ndi a Mboni za Yehova pongotengera mmene amaonekera komanso zimene munamva, kapena mumayesetsa kufufuza kuti mudziwe zoona? Kumbukirani kuti: Maonekedwe apusitsa. Choncho kufufuza zokhudza a Mboni n’kumene kungakuthandizeni kuti mudziwe zoona zenizeni.​—Machitidwe 17:10-12.

[Chithunzi patsamba 11]

Ayuda ambiri anakana kukhulupirira kuti Yesu ndi Mesiya chifukwa chakuti iwo anali kale ndi maganizo olakwika ponena za Yesu

[Chithunzi patsamba 12]

Kodi mumadana ndi a Mboni za Yehova chifukwa cha zimene munamva, kapena mumadana nawo chifukwa choti munafufuza n’kupeza kuti iwo ndi oipa?