1. (a) Vuga muri make ibikubiye mu mugani w’ingano n’urumamfu. (b) Yesu yasobanuye ate uwo mugani?

UMWE mu migani ya Yesu ivuga ibihereranye n’Ubwami, ugaragaza umuhinzi wabibye imbuto nziza z’ingano n’umwanzi waje akabiba urumamfu muri izo ngano. Urumamfu rwarakuze cyane rupfukirana ingano, ariko uwo muhinzi yabwiye abagaragu be ati “mureke byombi bikurane kugeza ku isarura.” Mu gihe cy’isarura, urumamfu rwararimbuwe naho ingano zirahunikwa. Yesu ubwe yasobanuye uwo mugani. (Soma muri Matayo 13:24-30, 37-43.) Ni iki uwo mugani ugaragaza? (Reba imbonerahamwe ifite umutwe uvuga ngo “Ingano n’urumamfu.”)

2. (a) Ibyabaye mu murima w’umuhinzi bigereranya iki? (b) Ni iki turi busuzume kivugwa muri uwo mugani?

² Ibyabaye mu murima w’uwo muhinzi bigereranya ukuntu Yesu yari guteranyiriza hamwe abagize itsinda rigereranywa n’ingano, ari bo Bakristo basutsweho umwuka bazategekana na we mu Bwami bwe, n’igihe yari kubikorera. Kubiba byatangiye kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33. Umurimo wo guteranyiriza hamwe abatoranyijwe uzarangira igihe abasutsweho umwuka bazaba bariho ku iherezo ry’iminsi y’imperuka, bazashyirwaho ikimenyetso cya nyuma maze bakajyanwa mu ijuru (Mat 24:31; Ibyah 7:1-4). Nk’uko umuntu uri ahantu hirengeye ku musozi abona ibintu byinshi biri hirya no hino, ni ko n’uyu mugani utuma tumenya ibintu byinshi byabaye mu gihe cy’imyaka igera ku 2.000. None se ni ibihe bintu bifitanye isano n’Ubwami uwo mugani utuma tumenya? Uwo mugani uvuga igihe cyo kubiba, igihe cyo gukura kw’imbuto n’igihe cy’isarura. Iki gice kiribanda cyane cyane ku gihe cy’isarura. *

3. (a) Ni ibihe bintu byabaye nyuma y’ikinyejana cya mbere? (b) Dukurikije ibivugwa muri Matayo 13:28, ni ikihe kibazo cyabajijwe, kandi se ni ba nde bakibajije? (Reba n’ibisobanuro by’inyongera.)

³ Mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya kabiri, ‘urumamfu  rwagaragaye’ igihe Abakristo b’ikinyoma bagaragaraga mu isi igereranywa n’umurima (Mat 13:26). Byagiye kugera mu kinyejana cya kane Abakristo bagereranywa n’urumamfu barabaye benshi kurusha Abakristo basutsweho umwuka. Wibuke ko muri uwo mugani, abagaragu basabye shebuja uburenganzira bwo kurandura urumamfu (Mat 13:28). * Shebuja yabashubije iki?

4. (a) Shebuja w’abagaragu, ari we Yesu, igisubizo yabahaye gihishura iki? (b) Ni ryari Abakristo bagereranywa n’ingano bagaragaye?

⁴ Yesu yavuze ibirebana n’ingano n’urumamfu agira ati “mureke byombi bikurane kugeza ku isarura.” Ibyo bigaragaza ko kuva mu kinyejana cya mbere kugeza n’ubu, buri gihe ku isi hagiye haba Abakristo basutsweho umwuka bagereranywa n’ingano. Ibyo byemezwa n’amagambo Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be nyuma yaho agira ati “ndi kumwe namwe iminsi yose kugeza ku mperuka” (Mat 28:20). Ku bw’ibyo, Yesu yari kurinda Abakristo basutsweho umwuka iminsi yose kugeza ku mperuka. Icyakora, ntituzi neza abari bagize itsinda rigereranywa n’ingano bagiye babaho muri icyo gihe kirekire, kuko bari barapfukiranywe n’Abakristo bagereranywa n’urumamfu. Ariko kandi, imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo mbere y’uko isarura ritangira, abagize itsinda rigereranywa n’ingano baragaragaye. Ibyo byashobotse bite?

5. Ni mu buhe buryo ubuhanuzi bwa Malaki bwasohoye mu kinyejana cya mbere?

⁵ Ibinyejana byinshi mbere y’uko Yesu avuga umugani w’ingano n’urumamfu, Yehova yahumekeye umuhanuzi we Malaki kugira ngo ahanure ibintu byerekejweho muri uwo mugani. (Soma muri Malaki 3:1-4.) Yohana Umubatiza ni we ‘ntumwa yatunganyije inzira’ (Mat 11:10, 11). Ubwo yazaga mu mwaka wa 29, igihe cyo gucira urubanza abari bagize ishyanga rya Isirayeli cyari cyegereje.  Yesu ni we wari intumwa ya kabiri. Yejeje urusengero rw’i Yerusalemu incuro ebyiri. Yarwejeje bwa mbere igihe yatangiraga umurimo we, yongera kurweza umurimo we ugiye kurangira (Mat 21:12, 13; Yoh 2:14-17). Ku bw’ibyo, uwo murimo Yesu yakoze wo kweza urusengero wamaze igihe runaka.

6. (a) Ubuhanuzi bwa Malaki bwagize irihe sohozwa ryagutse? (b) Ni ryari Yesu yagenzuye urusengero rwo mu buryo bw’umwuka? (Reba n’ibisobanuro by’inyongera.)

⁶ Ubuhanuzi bwa Malaki bwagize irihe sohozwa ryagutse? Mu gihe cy’imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo yabanjirije umwaka wa 1914, C. T. Russell n’abo bari bafatanyije bakoze umurimo nk’uwo Yohana Umubatiza yakoze. Uwo murimo w’ingenzi wari ukubiyemo kugarura inyigisho z’ukuri zo muri Bibiliya. Abo Bigishwa ba Bibiliya bigishije abantu icyo igitambo cy’incungu cya Kristo gisobanura by’ukuri, bagaragaza ko inyigisho y’umuriro w’iteka ari ikinyoma, kandi batangaza ko Ibihe by’Abanyamahanga byari bigiye kurangira. Ariko kandi, icyo gihe hariho amadini menshi yavugaga ko akurikiza inyigisho za Kristo. Ku bw’ibyo, iki kibazo cy’ingenzi cyari gikeneye igisubizo: muri ayo madini yose, ni irihe ryagereranywaga n’ingano? Kugira ngo icyo kibazo kibonerwe igisubizo, Yesu yatangiye kugenzura urusengero rwo mu buryo bw’umwuka mu mwaka wa 1914. Uwo murimo wo kugenzura urusengero no kurweza wamaze igihe runaka, kuva mu mwaka wa 1914 kugeza mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 1919. *

7. Igihe Yesu yatangiraga kugenzura mu mwaka wa 1914, yabonye iki?

⁷ Igihe Yesu yatangiraga kugenzura, ni iki yabonye? Yabonye itsinda rito ry’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya barangwaga n’ishyaka bari bamaze imyaka isaga 30 bakoresha imbaraga zabo n’ubutunzi bwabo kugira ngo bakore umurimo wo kubwiriza. * Yesu n’abamarayika  bagomba kuba barishimye cyane ubwo basangaga izo ngano nke ariko zifite uruti rukomeye zitaranizwe n’urumamfu rwa Satani. Ariko kandi, byabaye ngombwa ko ‘yeza bene Lewi,’ ni ukuvuga abasutsweho umwuka (Mal 3:2, 3; 1 Pet 4:17). Kubera iki?

8. Ni ibihe bintu byabaye nyuma y’umwaka wa 1914?

⁸ Mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1914, hari Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bari baracitse intege bitewe n’uko batajyanywe mu ijuru. Mu mwaka wa 1915 no mu wa 1916, ibitotezo byaturukaga hanze y’umuteguro byatumye umurimo wo kubwiriza usubira inyuma. Ibintu byarushijeho kuzamba nyuma y’urupfu rw’umuvandimwe Russell rwabaye mu Kwakira 1916, ubwo habaga ibitotezo byari biturutse mu muteguro. Bane mu bayobozi barindwi ba Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society banze umwanzuro wari wafashwe w’uko umuvandimwe Rutherford ari we wagombaga kuyobora umuteguro. Bashatse guca abavandimwe mo ibice, ariko muri Kanama 1917 bavuye kuri Beteli. Icyo cyari igikorwa cyo kweza rwose! Nanone kandi, bamwe mu Bigishwa ba Bibiliya baguye mu mutego wo gutinya abantu. Icyakora, bose muri rusange bemeye ko Yesu abeza kandi bagira ihinduka ryari rikenewe. Ku bw’ibyo, Yesu yabonye ko bari Abakristo nyakuri bagereranywa n’ingano, ariko yanga Abakristo bose b’ikinyoma, harimo n’abari mu madini yose yiyita aya gikristo (Mal 3:5; 2 Tim 2:19). Hakurikiyeho iki? Kugira ngo tubimenye, nimucyo twongere dusuzume wa mugani w’ingano n’urumamfu.

9, 10. (a) Ni iki turi busuzume ku birebana n’igihe cy’isarura? (b) Ni iki cyabanje gukorwa mu gihe cy’isarura?

⁹ Yesu yagize ati “igihe cy’isarura ni iminsi y’imperuka” (Mat 13:39). Icyo gihe cy’isarura cyatangiye mu mwaka wa 1914. Tugiye gusuzuma ibintu bitanu Yesu yavuze ko byari kuba muri icyo gihe.

¹⁰ Ikintu cya mbere cyari gukorwa ni ugukusanya urumamfu. Yesu yagize ati “mu gihe cy’isarura nzabwira abasaruzi babanze gukusanya urumamfu, maze baruhambire mu miba.” Nyuma y’umwaka wa 1914, abamarayika batangiye “gukusanya” Abakristo bagereranywa n’urumamfu, babatandukanya n’“abana b’ubwami” basutsweho umwuka.—Mat 13:30, 38, 41.

11. Ni iki cyagiye gitandukanya Abakristo b’ukuri n’ab’ikinyoma kugeza no muri iki gihe?

¹¹ Uko umurimo wo gukusanya urumamfu wakomezaga gukorwa, itandukaniro ryari hagati y’ayo matsinda yombi ryarushijeho kugaragara (Ibyah 18:1, 4). Mu mwaka wa 1919, byagaragaye ko Babuloni Ikomeye yaguye. Ni iki ahanini cyatumye Abakristo b’ukuri bagaragara ko batandukanye n’ab’ikinyoma? Ni umurimo wo kubwiriza. Abari bayoboye Abigishwa ba Bibiliya batangiye kugaragaza ko buri wese akwiriye kwifatanya mu murimo wo kubwiriza Ubwami. Urugero, agatabo kavugaga ibirebana n’abashinzwe gukora umurimo wo kubwiriza (To Whom the Work Is Entrusted) kasohotse mu mwaka wa 1919, kateraga Abakristo bose basutsweho umwuka inkunga yo kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu. Kagiraga kati “urebye uyu murimo ntiworoshye, ariko ni uw’Umwami, kandi imbaraga ze zizadufasha kuwukora. Mufite inshingano ihebuje yo kuwifatanyamo.” Babyitabiriye bate? Igazeti y’Umunara w’Umurinzi yo mu mwaka wa 1922 yavuze ko kuva icyo gihe Abigishwa ba Bibiliya barushijeho gukora umurimo wo kubwiriza. Bidatinze, kubwiriza ku nzu n’inzu byabaye ikimenyetso kiranga abo Bakristo b’indahemuka, kandi ni ko bikimeze no muri iki gihe.

12. Ni ryari abagize itsinda rigereranywa n’ingano batangiye guteranyirizwa hamwe?

¹² Ikintu cya kabiri cyari gukorwa ni uguhunika ingano. Yesu yabwiye abamarayika be ati ‘muhunike ingano mu kigega cyanjye’ (Mat 13:30). Kuva mu mwaka wa 1919, abasutsweho umwuka bagiye bateranyirizwa hamwe mu itorero ry’Abakristo basutsweho umwuka ryejejwe. Abakristo basutsweho umwuka bazaba bakiriho ku iherezo ry’iminsi  y’imperuka, bazateranyirizwa hamwe bwa nyuma igihe bazahabwa ingororano yabo mu ijuru.—Dan 7:18, 22, 27.

13. Mu Byahishuwe 18:7 hagaragaza ko indaya, cyangwa Babuloni Ikomeye, harimo n’amadini yiyita aya gikristo, yitwara ite muri iki gihe?

¹³ Ikintu cya gatatu cyari kuba ni ukurira no guhekenya amenyo. Igihe abamarayika bari kuba bamaze guhambira urumamfu mu miba, ni iki cyari gukurikiraho? Yesu yavuze uko byari kugendekera abagize itsinda ry’urumamfu, agira ati “aho ni ho bazaririra bakahahekenyera amenyo” (Mat 13:42). Ese ibyo bisohora muri iki gihe? Oya. Muri iki gihe, amadini yiyita aya gikristo, akaba ari amwe mu madini agereranywa n’indaya, aracyibwira ati “ndi umwamikazi uganje si ndi umupfakazi, kandi sinzigera mboroga” (Ibyah 18:7). Mu by’ukuri, amadini yiyita aya gikristo yumva afite ububasha bwinshi, ndetse akumva ko ‘ari umwamikazi uganje’ uri hejuru y’abayobozi ba politiki. Muri iki gihe, abagereranywa n’urumamfu ntibarira ahubwo barirata. Ariko ibintu bigiye guhinduka.

14. (a) Ni ryari Abakristo b’ikinyoma ‘bazahekenya amenyo’ kandi kuki? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo ibisobanuro bishya tubonye ku birebana n’ibivugwa muri Matayo 13:42 bihuza n’ibivugwa muri Zaburi ya 112:10? (Reba ibisobanuro by’inyongera.)

¹⁴ Mu mubabaro ukomeye, igihe amadini yose y’ikinyoma azaba yarimbuwe, abayahozemo baziruka bashaka aho bihisha, ariko ntibazahabona (Luka 23:30; Ibyah 6:15-17). Hanyuma nibabona ko ntaho bahungira irimbuka, bazarira bitewe no kwiheba kandi ‘bahekenye amenyo’ babitewe n’uburakari. Nk’uko Yesu yabivuze mu buhanuzi bwe burebana n’umubabaro ukomeye, muri icyo gihe giteye ubwoba, ‘bazikubita mu gituza baboroga.’ *—Mat 24:30; Ibyah 1:7.

15. Bizagendekera bite urumamfu, kandi ryari?

¹⁵ Ikintu cya kane cyari kuba ni ukujugunywa mu itanura. Bizagendekera bite imiba y’urumamfu? Abamarayika ‘bazayijugunya mu itanura ryaka umuriro’ (Mat 13:42). Ibyo byumvikanisha kurimburwa burundu. Bityo rero, abantu bahoze mu madini y’ikinyoma bazarimburwa mu cyiciro cya nyuma cy’umubabaro ukomeye, ari cyo Harimagedoni.—Mal 4:1.

16, 17. (a) Ni ikihe kintu cya nyuma Yesu yavuze mu mugani we? (b) Ni iki dushingiraho tuvuga ko kizasohora mu gihe kiri imbere?

¹⁶ Ikintu cya gatanu cyari kuba ni ukurabagirana. Yesu yashoje ubuhanuzi bwe agira ati “icyo gihe abakiranutsi bazarabagirana nk’izuba mu bwami bwa Se” (Mat 13:43). Ni ryari ibyo bizaba, kandi se bizabera he? Turacyategereje isohozwa ry’ubwo buhanuzi. Yesu ntiyashakaga kuvuga ikintu kibera ku isi muri iki gihe, ahubwo yashakaga kuvuga ikintu kizaba mu ijuru mu gihe kizaza. * Reka turebe impamvu ebyiri zitumye tugera kuri uwo mwanzuro.

¹⁷ Impamvu ya mbere irebana n’igihe ibyo bizabera. Yesu yagize ati “icyo gihe abakiranutsi bazarabagirana.” Uko bigaragara,  amagambo ngo “icyo gihe,” afitanye isano n’igikorwa Yesu yari amaze kuvuga cyo ‘kujugunya urumamfu mu itanura ryaka umuriro.’ Ibyo bizaba mu cyiciro cya nyuma cy’umubabaro ukomeye. Ku bw’ibyo, ‘kurabagirana’ kw’abasutsweho umwuka na byo bizaba muri icyo gihe kizaza. Impamvu ya kabiri irebana n’aho ibyo bizabera. Yesu yavuze ko abakiranutsi ‘bazarabagirana mu bwami.’ Ibyo bisobanura iki? Icyo gihe, abasutsweho umwuka bose bizerwa bazaba bakiri ku isi nyuma y’icyiciro cya mbere cy’umubabaro ukomeye, bazaba baramaze gushyirwaho ikimenyetso cya nyuma. Hanyuma nk’uko Yesu yabigaragaje mu buhanuzi buvuga ibirebana n’umubabaro ukomeye, bazateranyirizwa mu ijuru (Mat 24:31). Aho ni ho bazarabagirana “mu bwami bwa Se,” kandi nyuma gato y’intambara ya Harimagedoni bazifatanya mu ‘bukwe bw’Umwana w’intama’ ari umugeni wa Yesu wishimye.—Ibyah 19:6-9.

18, 19. Ni mu buhe buryo buri wese muri twe yungukirwa no gusobanukirwa umugani wa Yesu w’ingano n’urumamfu?

¹⁸ Ni mu buhe buryo buri wese muri twe yungukirwa n’ibintu uwo mugani utuma tumenya? Reka turebe uburyo butatu twungukirwamo. Mbere na mbere, utuma turushaho gusobanukirwa ibintu. Uwo mugani ugaragaza impamvu y’ingenzi ituma Yehova yemera ko imibabaro ibaho. ‘Yihanganiye inzabya z’umujinya’ kugira ngo ategure ‘inzabya z’imbabazi,’ ni ukuvuga abagize itsinda rigereranywa n’ingano (Rom 9:22-24). * Uburyo bwa kabiri twungukirwamo, ni uko turushaho kugira icyizere. Uko imperuka igenda yegereza, abanzi bacu bazarushaho kuturwanya, ‘ariko ntibazatsinda.’ (Soma muri Yeremiya 1:19.) Nk’uko buri gihe Yehova yagiye arinda abagize itsinda rigereranywa n’ingano, ni na ko Data wo mu ijuru azakomeza kuba hamwe natwe “iminsi yose,” binyuze kuri Yesu n’abamarayika.—Mat 28:20.

¹⁹ Uburyo bwa gatatu twungukirwamo ni uko uwo mugani utuma tumenya abagize itsinda ry’ingano abo ari bo. Kuki ibyo ari ingenzi? Kumenya Abakristo bagereranywa n’ingano abo ari bo ni ngombwa cyane kugira ngo tubone igisubizo cy’ikibazo Yesu yabajije mu buhanuzi bwe bukubiyemo ibintu byinshi, burebana n’iminsi y’imperuka. Yarabajije ati “mu by’ukuri se, ni nde mugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge” (Mat 24:45)? Ibice bibiri bikurikira bizatuma tubona igisubizo gishimishije cy’icyo kibazo.