1. Ni iki bamwe bemera ku birebana n’abasenga Imana?

ABANTU benshi bavuga ko amadini akomeye yo muri iyi si nta cyo amariye abantu. Bamwe bemera ko ayo madini agaragaza Imana uko itari binyuze ku nyigisho zayo n’imyitwarire y’abayoboke bayo, bityo akaba adashobora kwemerwa na yo. Ariko kandi, bemera ko mu madini yose harimo abantu b’imitima itaryarya kandi ko Imana ibabona, ndetse ikaba yemera ko ari abagaragu bayo. Babona ko atari ngombwa ko abo bantu bareka kwifatanya n’idini ry’ikinyoma, bityo ngo basenge Imana batifatanyije na ryo. Ariko se, uko ni ko Imana na yo ibibona? Nimucyo dushake igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo dusuzuma amwe mu mateka y’abasengaga Yehova by’ukuri, dusanga mu Byanditswe.

2. Ni ba nde baje kuba ubwoko bwa Yehova, kandi se ni iki cyabatandukanyaga n’abandi? (Reba ifoto ibimburira iki gice.)

² Ubu hashize imyaka igera ku 4.000 Yehova atoranyije itsinda ry’abantu kugira ngo rimubere ubwoko bwe hano ku isi.  Aburahamu wiswe “se w’abafite ukwizera bose” yari umutware w’umuryango wari ugizwe n’abantu babarirwa mu magana (Rom 4:11; Intang 14:14). Abayobozi b’i Kanani babonaga ko ari “umutware washyizweho n’Imana” kandi baramwubahaga (Intang 21:22; 23:6). Yehova yagiranye isezerano na Aburahamu n’urubyaro rwe (Intang 17:1, 2, 19). Imana yabwiye Aburahamu iti “iri ni ryo sezerano muzakomeza hagati yanjye namwe, ndetse n’urubyaro rwanyu ruzabakurikira: umuntu wese w’igitsina gabo wo muri mwe agomba gukebwa. . . . Kandi icyo kizababere ikimenyetso cy’isezerano riri hagati yanjye namwe” (Intang 17:10, 11). Ku bw’ibyo, Aburahamu n’abagabo bose bo mu rugo rwe barakebwe (Intang 17:24-27). Gukebwa cyari ikimenyetso cyagaragazaga ko abakomokaga kuri Aburahamu ari bo bwoko bwonyine bwagiranye isezerano na Yehova.

3. Ni mu buhe buryo abakomokaga kuri Aburahamu baje kuba benshi?

³ Umwuzukuru wa Aburahamu witwaga Yakobo, cyangwa Isirayeli, yari afite abahungu 12 (Intang 35:10, 22b-26). Nyuma y’igihe, abo bahungu be bari kuba abatware b’imiryango 12 ya Isirayeli (Ibyak 7:8). Inzara yarateye bituma Yakobo n’abari bagize umuryango we bahungira muri Egiputa, aho umwe mu bahungu be ari we Yozefu, yari yarabaye icyegera cya Farawo kandi ashinzwe gucunga ibiribwa muri icyo gihugu (Intang 41:39-41; 42:6). Abakomokaga kuri Yakobo bariyongereye cyane, baba “iteraniro ry’abantu.”​—Intang 48:4; soma mu Byakozwe 7:17.

4. Mu mizo ya mbere, Abanyegiputa bari babanye bate n’abakomotse kuri Yakobo?

⁴ Abakomotse kuri Yakobo babaye muri Egiputa mu gihe cy’imyaka isaga 200, bakaba bari batuye mu karere kitwaga Gosheni (Intang 45:9, 10). Mu gihe cy’imyaka igera ku 100, Abisirayeli bari babanye amahoro n’Abanyegiputa. Babaga mu migi mito kandi bari aborozi. Farawo yari yarabakiriye neza kuko yari azi Yozefu kandi akaba yaramukundaga (Intang 47:1-6). Abaturage bo muri Egiputa bo bangaga abantu bororaga intama (Intang 46:31-34). Ariko kandi, bagombaga kumvira Farawo maze bakihanganira abo Bisirayeli.

5, 6. (a) Ni mu buhe buryo imimerere abari bagize ubwoko bw’Imana barimo muri Egiputa yaje guhinduka? (b) Mose yarokotse ate, kandi se ni iki Yehova yakoreye abari bagize ubwoko bwe bose?

⁵ Icyakora, imimerere abari bagize ubwoko bw’Imana barimo yari guhinduka cyane. Bibiliya igira iti “nyuma y’igihe runaka, muri Egiputa hima undi mwami utari uzi Yozefu. Nuko abwira abantu be ati ‘dore Abisirayeli baturuta ubwinshi kandi baturusha amaboko.’ Ni cyo cyatumye Abanyegiputa bagira Abisirayeli abacakara kandi bakabatwaza igitugu. Babakoresha uburetwa bukaze bwo gukura ibumba no kubumba amatafari, n’ubundi buretwa bwose bwo gukora mu mirima, batuma ubuzima bubasharirira. Ni koko, babagize abacakara babatwaza igitugu, babakoresha uburetwa bw’uburyo bwose.”​—Kuva 1:8, 9, 13, 14.

⁶ Farawo yanategetse ko umwana w’umuhungu wese w’Umuheburayo wari kujya avuka yagombaga guhita yicwa (Kuva 1:15, 16). Muri icyo gihe ni bwo Mose yavutse. Amaze amezi atatu, nyina yamuhishe mu rubingo rwo ku ruzi rwa Nili, akaba ari ho umukobwa wa Farawo yamusanze. Yaje kumugira umwana we. Igihe Mose yari akiri umwana yarezwe na nyina wari indahemuka witwaga Yokebedi, kandi yaje kuba umugaragu wa Yehova w’indahemuka (Kuva 2:1-10; Heb 11:23-25). Yehova ‘yitaye’ ku mibabaro y’abari bagize ubwoko bwe, afata umwanzuro wo kubavana mu maboko y’ababakandamizaga  akoresheje Mose (Kuva 2:24, 25; 3:9, 10). Ibyo byari gutuma baba ubwoko ‘bwacunguwe’ na Yehova.​—Kuva 15:13; soma mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 15:15.

7, 8. Abari bagize ubwoko bwa Yehova bahindutse bate ishyanga ryera?

⁷ Nubwo Yehova yari atarahindura Abisirayeli ishyanga, yabonaga ko ari ubwoko bwe. Ku bw’ibyo, Mose na Aroni basabwe kubwira Farawo bati “uku ni ko Yehova Imana ya Isirayeli avuga ati ‘reka ubwoko bwanjye bugende bunkorere umunsi mukuru mu butayu.’ ”​—Kuva 5:1.

⁸ Kugira ngo Abisirayeli bavanwe mu bubata bw’Abanyegiputa, byabaye ngombwa ko Yehova ateza Abanyegiputa ibyago icumi kandi arimburira Farawo n’ingabo ze mu Nyanja Itukura (Kuva 15:1-4). Nyuma y’amezi atageze kuri atatu, Yehova yagiranye n’Abisirayeli isezerano ku musozi wa Sinayi, arababwira ati ‘nimwumvira ijwi ryanjye mudaca ku ruhande kandi mugakomeza isezerano ryanjye, muzaba umutungo wanjye bwite natoranyije mu bandi bantu bose, mumbere ishyanga ryera.’​—Kuva 19:5, 6.

9, 10. (a) Dukurikije ibivugwa mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 4:5-8, ni mu buhe buryo Amategeko yatandukanyaga Abisirayeli n’andi mahanga? (b) Abisirayeli bari kugaragaza bate ko bari “ubwoko bwera bwa Yehova”?

⁹ Mu gihe cy’ibinyejana byinshi, abagaragu ba Yehova bayoborwaga n’abatware b’imiryango, banababeraga abacamanza n’abatambyi. Igihe Abisirayeli bari muri Egiputa, bakomeje kuyoborwa batyo mbere y’uko baba abacakara (Intang 8:20; 18:19; Yobu 1:4, 5). Ariko kandi, Yehova amaze kuvana Abisirayeli mu bucakara, yabahaye amategeko yari kubatandukanya n’andi mahanga. (Soma mu Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 4:5-8; Zab 147:19, 20.) Amategeko yatumye habaho itsinda ry’abantu bari kubera iryo shyanga abatambyi, kandi imanza zacibwaga n’ “abakuru,” bakaba barubahwaga kubera ko babaga bafite ubumenyi n’ubwenge (Guteg 25:7, 8). Amategeko yagaragazaga amabwiriza abari bagize iryo shyanga ryari rikivuka bagombaga gukurikiza mu birebana no gusenga, no mu mibereho yabo ya buri munsi.

¹⁰ Mbere y’uko Abisirayeli binjira mu Gihugu cy’Isezerano, Yehova yabasubiriyemo amategeko ye. Mose yarababwiye ati ‘Yehova yatumye uyu munsi uvuga ko uzaba ubwoko bwe, umutungo we bwite, nk’uko yabigusezeranyije, ko uzumvira amategeko ye yose, kandi ko azakurutisha andi mahanga yose yaremye, kugira ngo bimutere gusingizwa no kuvugwa neza n’ubwiza, maze nawe ube ubwoko bwera bwa Yehova Imana yawe.’​—Guteg 26:18, 19.

11-13. (a) Ni ba nde bifatanyije n’ubwoko Imana yatoranyije? (b) Umuntu utari Umwisirayeli wabaga ashaka gusenga Yehova yagombaga gukora iki?

¹¹ Nubwo icyo gihe noneho Yehova yari afite ishyanga yitoranyirije ku isi, ntiyabuzaga abantu batari Abisirayeli kubana n’ubwoko bwe. Yemeye ko “imbaga y’abantu b’amoko menshi” batari Abisirayeli, harimo n’Abanyegiputa, bajyana n’abari bagize ubwoko bwe igihe yabavanaga mu bubata bw’Abanyegiputa (Kuva 12:38). Igihe hateraga icyago cya karindwi, bamwe “mu bagaragu ba Farawo” batinye ijambo rya Yehova, kandi nta gushidikanya ko bari muri ya mbaga y’abantu b’amoko menshi bavanye n’Abisirayeli muri Egiputa.​—Kuva 9:20.

¹² Mbere y’uko Abisirayeli bambuka Yorodani kugira ngo bigarurire igihugu cy’i Kanani, Mose yababwiye ko bagombaga ‘gukunda umwimukira’ wari kuba  abana na bo (Guteg 10:17-19). Abari bagize ubwoko Imana yatoranyije bagombaga kwemera kubana n’abanyamahanga babaga biteguye kumvira amategeko y’ibanze yari yaratanzwe na Mose (Lewi 24:22). Bamwe mu banyamahanga babaye abagaragu ba Yehova, bagira imitekerereze nk’iy’Umumowabukazi witwaga Rusi, wabwiye Nawomi wari Umwisirayelikazi ati “ubwoko bwawe buzaba ubwoko bwanjye kandi Imana yawe izaba Imana yanjye” (Rusi 1:16). Abo banyamahanga bahindukiriye idini ry’Abayahudi, kandi abagabo bo muri bo barakebwe (Kuva 12:48, 49). Yehova yarabakiriye baba bamwe mu bari bagize ubwoko bwe yatoranyije.​—Kub 15:14, 15.

¹³ Igihe urusengero rwa Salomo rwegurirwaga Yehova, abatari Abisirayeli bamusengaga na bo barazirikanywe, nk’uko bigaragarira mu isengesho rya Salomo, wagize ati “umunyamahanga wese, utari uwo mu bwoko bwawe bwa Isirayeli, uzaza aturutse mu gihugu cya kure abitewe n’izina ryawe rikomeye n’ukuboko kwawe gukomeye kandi kurambuye, maze akaza agasenga yerekeye iyi nzu, uzatege amatwi uri mu ijuru mu buturo bwawe, ukore ibihuje n’ibyo uwo munyamahanga agusabye byose, kugira ngo amahanga yose yo ku isi amenye izina ryawe, agutinye nk’uko ubwoko bwawe bwa Isirayeli bugutinya, kandi amenye ko iyi nzu nubatse yitirirwa izina ryawe” (2 Ngoma 6:32, 33). Mu gihe cya Yesu nabwo, umuntu wese utari Umwisirayeli washakaga gusenga Yehova yagombaga kwifatanya n’ubwoko yari yaragiranye na bwo isezerano.​—Yoh 12:20; Ibyak 8:27.

14-16. (a) Ni mu buhe buryo Abisirayeli bari kubera Yehova ishyanga ry’abahamya? (b) Ni iyihe myifatire abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova muri iki gihe basabwaga kugaragaza?

¹⁴ Abisirayeli basengaga Imana yabo Yehova, mu gihe andi mahanga yo yasengaga imana zayo. Ku bw’ibyo, ikibazo cy’ingenzi gikurikira cyagombaga kubonerwa igisubizo: Imana y’ukuri yari iyihe? Mu gihe cya Yesaya, Yehova yavuze ko icyo kibazo cyagombaga gusubizwa kimwe n’uko ikibazo cyashyikirijwe urukiko gisubizwa. Yavuze ko niba izo mana z’amahanga zari imana nyakuri,  zagombaga kuzana abahamya bo kubyemeza. Yagize ati ‘ngaho nizizane abahamya bazo kugira ngo zibarweho gukiranuka; biti ihi se, nizumve maze zivuge ziti “ibi ni ukuri!” ’​—Yes 43:9.

¹⁵ Imana z’amahanga ntizashoboye gutanga gihamya y’uko zari imana nyakuri. Zari ibigirwamana gusa bitavuga kandi byabaga bikeneye guterurwa (Yes 46:5-7). Ku rundi ruhande, Yehova yabwiye abari bagize ubwoko bwe bwa Isirayeli ati “muri abahamya banjye; ndetse muri umugaragu wanjye natoranyije kugira ngo mumenye, munyizere, kandi musobanukirwe ko mpora ndi wa wundi. Mbere yanjye nta yindi mana yigeze kubaho, kandi na nyuma yanjye nta yindi izigera ibaho. Ni jye Yehova kandi nta wundi mukiza utari jye. . . . Ni yo mpamvu muri abahamya banjye, nanjye nkaba Imana.”​—Yes 43:10-12.

¹⁶ Kimwe n’abahamya bahamagawe mu rukiko, abari bagize ubwoko bwa Yehova na bo bagombaga guhamya ko Yehova ari we Mana y’ukuri. Yavuze ko bari ‘ubwoko yihangiye kugira ngo bwamamaze ishimwe rye’ (Yes 43:21). Bari ubwoko bwitirirwaga izina rye. Kubera ko Yehova yari yarabacunguye akabavana muri Egiputa, bagombaga kugaragariza andi mahanga ko bashyigikiye ubutegetsi bwe bw’ikirenga. Mu by’ukuri, bagombaga kugira imyifatire nk’iyo abagize ubwoko bw’Imana muri iki gihe bari kugaragaza nk’uko byavuzwe n’umuhanuzi Mika, we wagize ati “amoko yose azagendera mu izina ry’imana yayo, ariko twe tuzagendera mu izina rya Yehova Imana yacu kugeza ibihe bitarondoreka, ndetse kugeza iteka ryose.”​—Mika 4:5.

17. Kuki Yehova yabonaga ko Abisirayeli bari barabaye ‘umuzabibu atari azi wagwingiye’?

¹⁷ Ikibabaje ni uko Abisirayeli bahemukiye Yehova. Batangiye kwigana amahanga yasengaga imana z’ibiti n’iz’amabuye. Mu kinyejana cya munani Mbere ya Yesu, umuhanuzi Hoseya yaranditse ati “Isirayeli ameze nk’umuzabibu wononekaye . . . Yagwije ibicaniro bye . . . Umutima wabo wuzuye uburyarya; bazahamwa n’icyaha” (Hos 10:1, 2). Imyaka igera ku 150 nyuma yaho, Yeremiya yanditse amagambo Yehova yabwiye ubwoko bwe bwahemutse, agira ati “nari naraguteye uri umuzabibu utukura w’indobanure, wose ugizwe n’imbuto z’ukuri. Byagenze bite kugira ngo uhinduke, ukambera amashami yagwingiye y’umuzabibu ntazi? . . . Imana zawe wiremeye ziri he? Nizihaguruke niba zishobora kugukiza amakuba . . . Abagize ubwoko bwanjye baranyibagiwe.”​—Yer 2:21, 28, 32.

18, 19. (a) Yehova yavuze ate mbere y’igihe ko yari kugira ishyanga rishya ryitirirwa izina rye? (b) Ni iki tuzasuzuma mu gice gikurikira?

¹⁸ Aho kugira ngo Abisirayeli bere imbuto nziza basenga Yehova mu buryo yemera kandi bamubere abahamya b’indahemuka, beze imbuto ziboze basenga ibigirwamana. Ku bw’ibyo, Yesu yabwiye abayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi b’indyarya bo mu gihe cye ati ‘ubwami bw’Imana muzabunyagwa buhabwe ishyanga ryera imbuto zabwo’ (Mat 21:43). Abo Yehova yavuze binyuze kuri Yeremiya ko yari kugirana na bo “isezerano rishya,” ni bo bonyine bari kuba bagize iryo shyanga rishya, ari ryo Isirayeli yo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Yehova yavuze ku birebana n’abo Bisirayeli bo mu buryo bw’umwuka ati “nzaba Imana yabo na bo babe ubwoko bwanjye.”​—Yer 31:31-33.

¹⁹ Abisirayeli bamaze guhemukira Yehova, mu kinyejana cya mbere yatoranyije abagize Isirayeli yo mu buryo bw’umwuka kugira ngo babe ubwoko bwe. None se, ni ba nde bagize ubwoko bwe muri iki gihe? Abafite imitima itaryarya bamenya bate abasenga Imana by’ukuri? Ibyo tuzabisuzuma mu gice gikurikira.