1, 2. (a) Ni iyihe migani Yesu yaciriye incuti ze z’inkoramutima? (Reba ifoto ibimburira iki gice.) (b) Ni iki dukeneye kumenya ku birebana n’umugani w’intama n’ihene?

YESU yarimo avugana n’incuti ze z’inkoramutima, ari zo Petero, Andereya, Yakobo na Yohana. Amaze kuzicira umugani w’umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge, uw’abakobwa icumi n’uw’italanto, yavuze ibirebana n’igihe “Umwana w’umuntu” azacira “amahanga yose” urubanza. Hanyuma yaciriye izo ncuti ze undi mugani, ugomba kuba warazishishikaje cyane. Muri uwo mugani, Yesu yerekeje ku matsinda abiri, rimwe aryita intama, irindi aryita ihene. Yanagaragaje irindi tsinda rya gatatu ry’ingenzi cyane, avuga ko ari ‘abavandimwe’ b’ “Umwami.”—Soma muri Matayo 25:31-46.

² Abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova bamaze imyaka myinshi bashishikazwa n’uwo mugani kandi ni mu gihe, kuko Yesu avugamo uko bizagendekera abantu. Yagaragaje impamvu bamwe bazabona ubuzima bw’iteka, mu gihe abandi bo bazarimburwa iteka ryose. Kugira ngo tuzabeho tugomba gusobanukirwa inyigisho ziwukubiyemo, kandi tugakora ibihuje na zo. Kubera iyo mpamvu, twagombye kwibaza tuti “ni mu buhe buryo Yehova yagiye atuma turushaho gusobanukirwa uwo mugani? Kuki  twavuga ko uwo mugani utsindagiriza akamaro ko kubwiriza? Ni ba nde bahawe inshingano yo kubwiriza? Kuki iki ari cyo gihe cyo kubera indahemuka ‘Umwami’ n’abo yise ‘abavandimwe be’ ”?

3, 4. (a) Ni ibihe bintu by’ingenzi tugomba kumenya kugira ngo dusobanukirwe umugani w’intama n’ihene? (b) Mu mwaka wa 1881, Umunara w’Umurinzi w’i Siyoni wasobanuye ute uwo mugani?

³ Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe neza uwo mugani w’intama n’ihene, tugomba kumenya ibintu bitatu by’ingenzi bikurikira: abavugwa muri uwo mugani abo ari bo, igihe urubanza ruzabera n’impamvu bamwe bazitwa intama abandi bakitwa ihene.

⁴ Mu mwaka wa 1881, Umunara w’Umurinzi w’i Siyoni wagaragaje ko Yesu ari we ‘Mwana w’umuntu,’ kandi ko ari na we witwa “Umwami.” Abigishwa ba Bibiliya bumvaga ko amagambo ngo ‘abavandimwe banjye’ yerekeza ku bazafatanya na Kristo gutegeka, no ku bantu bose bazaba ku isi, igihe bazaba bamaze kugera ku butungane. Bumvaga ko gutandukanya intama n’ihene byari kuzaba mu gihe cy’Ubutegetsi bwa Kristo bw’Imyaka Igihumbi. Nanone kandi, bumvaga ko abari kugaragaza urukundo nk’urw’Imana mu bikorwa byabo byose ari bo bari kuzitwa intama.

5. Mu mwaka wa 1923, abagize ubwoko bw’Imana barushijeho bate gusobanukirwa umugani w’intama n’ihene?

⁵ Nyuma yaho, Yehova yafashije abagize ubwoko bwe maze barushaho gusobanukirwa uwo mugani. Umunara w’Umurinzi wo ku itariki ya 15 Ukwakira 1923 (mu cyongereza) wemeje ko “Umwana w’umuntu” ari Yesu. Icyakora, watanze impamvu zishingiye ku Byanditswe zagaragazaga ko abavandimwe ba Kristo ari abazafatanya na we gutegeka mu ijuru, kandi uvuga ko intama ari abafite ibyiringiro byo kuzaba ku isi bategekwa n’Ubwami bwa Kristo. Bite se ku birebana n’igihe cyo gutandukanya intama n’ihene? Iyo gazeti yavuze ko mu gihe cy’Ubutegetsi bw’Imyaka Igihumbi, abavandimwe ba Kristo bari kuzaba bari mu ijuru bafatanyije na we gutegeka; ku bw’ibyo, ntibari gufashwa cyangwa ngo birengagizwe n’itsinda ry’abazaba ku isi. Bityo rero, gutandukanya intama n’ihene byari kuba mbere y’Ubutegetsi bw’Imyaka Igihumbi. Naho ku birebana n’impamvu yari gutuma umuntu yitwa intama, iyo gazeti yavuze ko byari guterwa no kuba yaremeye ko Yesu ari Umwami we, kandi akiringira ko Ubwami ari bwo buzadukemurira ibibazo.

6. Mu mwaka wa 1995, ni mu buhe buryo twasobanukiwe neza kurushaho umugani w’intama n’ihene?

⁶ Abagize ubwoko bwa Yehova bahereye kuri ibyo, bumvise ko abantu bitwaga intama cyangwa bakitwa ihene bitewe n’uko bitabiraga ubutumwa bw’Ubwami bubwirizwa muri iyi minsi y’imperuka. Ariko kandi, mu mwaka wa 1995, uburyo twari dusobanukiwemo uwo mugani bwarahindutse. Ingingo ebyiri zasohotse mu Bice byo kwigwa, Igice cya 11, zagaragaje ko amagambo ya Yesu ari muri Matayo 24:29-31 (hasome) afitanye isano n’ayo muri Matayo 25:31, 32. (Hasome.) * Umwanzuro wabaye uwuhe? Hari aho ingingo ya mbere yagiraga iti ‘ibyo gucira urubanza intama n’ihene ni ibyo mu gihe kizaza.’ Ariko se bizaba ryari? Iyo ngingo yakomeje igira iti “bizabaho nyuma y’uko ‘umubabaro’ uvugwa muri Matayo 24:29, 30 utangira na nyuma y’aho Umwana  w’umuntu azaba ‘aje afite ubwiza bwe.’ . . . Hanyuma kubera ko gahunda mbi yose uko yakabaye izaba igeze ku iherezo ryayo, Yesu azashinga imanza azice kandi azisohoze.”

7. Umugani w’intama n’ihene usobanura iki?

⁷ Ubu dusobanukiwe neza umugani w’intama n’ihene. Ku birebana n’abavugwa muri uwo mugani abo ari bo, tuzi ko “Umwana w’umuntu” ari Yesu, Umwami. Abo Yesu yise ‘abavandimwe be’ ni abagabo n’abagore basutsweho umwuka bazafatanya na we gutegeka mu ijuru (Rom 8:16, 17). “Intama” n’ “ihene” bigereranya abantu bo mu mahanga yose. Abo ntibasutsweho umwuka wera. Bite se ku birebana n’igihe urubanza ruzabera? Urwo rubanza ruzaba ahagana ku iherezo ry’umubabaro ukomeye ugiye kuza. Twavuga iki se ku birebana n’impamvu bamwe bazitwa intama abandi bakitwa ihene? Ibyo bizaterwa n’uko bazaba barafashe abavandimwe ba Kristo bakiri ku isi. Dushimira Yehova ko yagiye adufasha gusobanukirwa uwo mugani n’indi bifitanye isano iri muri Matayo igice cya 24 n’icya 25.

8, 9. Kuki abagereranywa n’intama bavugwaho ko ari “abakiranutsi”?

⁸ Mu mugani w’intama n’ihene, Yesu ntavuga mu buryo bweruye ibirebana n’umurimo wo kubwiriza. Kuki se twavuga ko utsindagiriza akamaro k’uwo murimo?

⁹ Kugira ngo tubone igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo, tugomba kubanza kwibuka ko Yesu yarimo yigisha akoresheje umugani. Birumvikana ko atarimo avuga ibirebana no gutandukanya intama n’ihene bisanzwe. Mu buryo nk’ubwo, ntiyashakaga kuvuga ko umuntu wese ugereranywa n’intama agomba kugaburira, kwambika no gusura abavandimwe be mu gihe barwaye, cyangwa bari muri gereza. Ahubwo yavugaga ibirebana n’ukuntu abagereranywa n’intama babona abavandimwe be. Yavuze ko abo bagereranywa n’intama ari “abakiranutsi” kuko bemera ko Kristo afite abavandimwe be bakiri ku isi, kandi bakabashyigikira mu budahemuka muri ibi bihe biruhije by’iminsi y’imperuka.—Mat 10:40-42; 25:40, 46; 2 Tim 3:1-5.

10. Ni mu buhe buryo abagereranywa n’intama bagirira neza abavandimwe ba Kristo?

¹⁰ Yesu yaciye umugani w’intama n’ihene igihe yavugaga ibirebana n’ibyari kuba mu minsi y’imperuka (Mat 24:3). Urugero, yagize ati “ubu butumwa bwiza bw’ubwami buzabwirizwa mu isi yose ituwe” (Mat 24:14). Hanyuma, mbere y’uko avuga ibirebana n’intama n’ihene, yaciye umugani w’italanto. Nk’uko twabibonye mu gice kibanziriza iki, Yesu yaciye uwo mugani ashaka kwereka abigishwa be basutsweho umwuka, ari bo “bavandimwe” be, ko bagombaga gukora umurimo wo kubwiriza babigiranye ishyaka. Ariko kandi, bake gusa muri bo ni bo bakiri ku isi kandi hari byinshi byo gukora. Yesu yabasabye kubwiriza “amahanga yose” mbere y’uko imperuka iza. Umugani w’intama n’ihene ugaragaza ko hari abandi bantu bari kubafasha. Bityo rero, bumwe mu buryo bw’ibanze abagereranywa n’intama bagirira neza abavandimwe ba Kristo, ni ukubashyigikira mu murimo wo kubwiriza. Ariko se, ibyo bikubiyemo iki? Ese gutanga amafaranga yo gushyigikira uwo murimo cyangwa gutera abo bavandimwe be inkunga yo gukomeza kuwukora, ni byo byonyine biba bikenewe?

11. Ni ikihe kibazo bamwe bashobora kwibaza, kandi kuki?

¹¹ Muri iki gihe, Yesu afite abigishwa bagera hafi kuri miriyoni umunani, kandi abenshi muri bo ntibasutsweho umwuka.  Ntiyabahaye italanto yahaye abagaragu be basutsweho umwuka (Mat 25:14-18). Ku bw’ibyo, bamwe bashobora kwibaza bati “ese mu by’ukuri abatarasutsweho umwuka wera na bo bagomba kubwiriza?” Reka dusuzume zimwe mu mpamvu zigaragaza ko na bo bagomba kubikora.

12. Amagambo ya Yesu ari muri Matayo 28:19, 20 atwigisha iki?

¹² Yesu yategetse abigishwa be bose kubwiriza. Yesu amaze kuzuka, yategetse abigishwa be guhindura abantu abigishwa, bakabigisha gukurikiza ‘ibintu byose’ yabategetse. Muri ibyo bintu harimo n’umurimo wo kubwiriza. (Soma muri Matayo 28:19, 20.) Bityo rero, abigishwa ba Kristo bose, baba abafite ibyiringiro byo kuzategeka mu ijuru cyangwa ibyo kuzaba ku isi, bagomba kubwiriza.—Ibyak 10:42.

13. Ibyo Yohana yabonye mu iyerekwa bigaragaza iki, kandi kuki?

¹³ Igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe kigaragaza ko umurimo wo kubwiriza wagombaga gukorwa n’abasutsweho umwuka ndetse n’abandi. Mu iyerekwa, Yesu yeretse intumwa Yohana “umugeni,” ni ukuvuga abasutsweho umwuka 144.000 bazafatanya na Kristo gutegeka mu ijuru, barimo batumirira abantu kuza ‘bagafata amazi y’ubuzima ku buntu’ (Ibyah 14:1, 3; 22:17). Ayo mazi agereranya ibyo Yehova yateganyije byose kugira ngo akize abantu icyaha n’urupfu binyuze ku gitambo cy’incungu cya Kristo (Mat 20:28; Yoh 3:16; 1 Yoh 4:9, 10). Incungu ni cyo kintu cy’ingenzi kigize ubutumwa tubwiriza, kandi abasutsweho umwuka bafata iya mbere bagafasha abantu kumenya ibirebana na yo, n’akamaro ibafitiye (1 Kor 1:23). Ariko muri iryo yerekwa, Yohana yabonye abandi bantu batari mu itsinda ry’umugeni. Na bo basabwa kuvuga bati “ngwino!” Barumvira, bagatumirira n’abandi kuza gufata amazi y’ubuzima. Iryo tsinda rya kabiri rigizwe n’abafite ibyiringiro byo kuzaba ku isi. Ku  bw’ibyo, iryo yerekwa rigaragaza neza ko abantu bose bemera iryo tumira rigira riti “ngwino,” bafite inshingano yo kubwiriza abandi.

14. Kumvira “amategeko ya Kristo” bikubiyemo iki?

¹⁴ Abumvira “amategeko ya Kristo” bose bagomba kubwiriza (Gal 6:2). Yehova aba yiteze ko abamusenga bose bakurikiza amategeko amwe. Urugero, yabwiye Abisirayeli ati “kavukire n’umwimukira utuye muri mwe, bazagengwa n’itegeko rimwe” (Kuva 12:49; Lewi 24:22). Abakristo ntibasabwa gukurikiza Amategeko ya Mose. Ariko kandi, twaba twarasutsweho umwuka cyangwa tutarawusutsweho, twese tugengwa n’ “amategeko ya Kristo.” Ayo mategeko akubiyemo ibintu byose Yesu yigishije. Kimwe mu bintu by’ibanze Yesu yigishije abigishwa be ni uko bagomba gukundana (Yoh 13:35; Yak 2:8). Kandi bumwe mu buryo bw’ingenzi tugaragazamo ko dukunda Imana na Kristo ndetse na bagenzi bacu, ni ukubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami.—Yoh 15:10; Ibyak 1:8.

15. Kuki twavuga ko Yesu yategetse abigishwa be bose kubwiriza?

¹⁵ Amagambo Yesu yabwiye abigishwa be bake ashobora no kwerekezwa ku bigishwa be benshi. Urugero, Yesu yagiranye isezerano ry’Ubwami n’abigishwa be 11, ariko mu by’ukuri iryo sezerano rireba abagize 144.000 bose (Luka 22:29, 30; Ibyah 5:10; 7:4-8). Mu buryo nk’ubwo, Yesu amaze kuzuka, abigishwa be bake gusa ni bo yahaye itegeko ryo kubwiriza (Ibyak 10:40-42; 1 Kor 15:6). Ariko kandi, abigishwa be bose b’indahemuka bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bari bazi ko iryo tegeko ribareba nubwo batari barumvise Yesu aritanga (Ibyak 8:4; 1 Pet 1:8). Muri iki gihe nabwo, nta n’umwe mu babwiriza b’Ubwami barangwa n’ishyaka bagera kuri miriyoni umunani Yesu yigeze avugisha. Nyamara bose bazi ko bagomba kwizera Kristo, kandi bakagaragaza uko kwizera bakora umurimo wo kubwiriza.—Yak 2:18.

16-18. Twafasha dute abavandimwe ba Kristo, kandi se kuki iki ari cyo gihe cyo kubikora?

¹⁶ Satani arwanya abavandimwe ba Kristo basutsweho umwuka bakiri hano ku isi, kandi azagenda arushaho kubarwanya uko ‘igihe gito ashigaje’ kigenda kigabanuka (Ibyah 12:9, 12, 17). Nubwo abasutsweho umwuka bahanganye n’ibitero bikaze, bakomeje kuyobora umurimo wo kubwiriza kandi abantu benshi muri iki gihe bumva ubutumwa bwiza kurusha ikindi gihe cyose. Nta gushidikanya ko Yesu ari kumwe na bo kandi abayobora.—Mat 28:20.

¹⁷ Tubona ko gufasha abavandimwe ba Kristo dukora umurimo wo kubwiriza ari ibintu biteye ishema rwose. Tunabafasha dutanga impano z’amafaranga, tugakora n’imirimo yo kubaka Amazu y’Ubwami, Amazu y’Amakoraniro n’amazu y’ibiro by’amashami. Nanone kandi, iyo twumvira mu budahemuka abo ‘umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge’ yahaye inshingano yo kutuyobora, tuba tugaragaje ko dushaka gufasha abavandimwe ba Kristo.—Mat 24:45-47; Heb 13:17.

¹⁸ Vuba aha, abavandimwe ba Kristo bakiri ku isi bazashyirwaho ikimenyetso cya nyuma. Hanyuma abamarayika bazarekura imiyaga irimbura y’umubabaro ukomeye (Ibyah 7:1-3). Mbere y’uko Harimagedoni iba, abasutsweho umwuka bazajyanwa mu ijuru (Mat 13:41-43). Ku bw’ibyo, iki ni cyo gihe cyo gushyigikira mu budahemuka abavandimwe ba Kristo niba twifuza kuzabarirwa mu ntama.