Josefa, muvezi wekuNazareta ndiye aiva baba vaJesu vekurera. Asi ndiani aiva baba vaJosefa? Evhangeri yaMateu inoti Jesu akabva nekudzinza raJakobho, asi yaRuka inoti Josefa aiva “mwanakomana waHirai.” Nei zvichiita sokuti pane musiyano?​—Ruka 3:23; Mateu 1:16.

Nhoroondo yaMateu inoti: “Jakobho akabereka Josefa.” MuchiGiriki shoko rakashandiswa apa rinonyatsoratidza kuti Jakobho ndiye aiva baba vaJosefa chaivo. Saka Mateu akanga achitsanangura dzinza raJosefa, kureva madzimambo aigara pachigaro chaDhavhidhi. Kuberekerwa mudzinza iroro ndiko kwakaita kuti Jesu, mwanakomana waJosefa wekurera, ave nekodzero yepamutemo yekugara pachigaro cheumambo.

Asi nhoroondo yaRuka inoti: “Josefa,” aiva “mwanakomana waHirai.” Mashoko iwayo ekuti “mwanakomana wa-” anogona kureva kuti “mukuwasha wa-.” Mashoko akafanana neaya anowanika pana Ruka 3:27 panotaurwa nezvaSheatiyeri. Baba vake chaivo vainzi Jekoniya. Asi rugwaro urwu rwunoti aiva “mwanakomana waNerai.” (1 Makoronike 3:17; Mateu 1:12) Zvinoita sokuti Sheatiyeri akanga akaroora mwanasikana waNerai asina kutaurwa nezita, akabva ava mukuwasha wake. Saizvozvowo, Josefa ainzi “mwanakomana” waHirai pakuti akanga akaroora Mariya, mwanasikana waHirai. Saka Ruka anotsanangura dzinza raJesu “panyama,” achitaura achibva nekuna Mariya, amai vaJesu vekubereka. (VaRoma 1:3) Saka Bhaibheri rinotipa nhoroondo mbiri dzakasiyana dzinotibatsira kunzwisisa dzinza raJesu.

Mvere dzemakwai, dzembudzi, uye dzengamera dzaishandiswa zvikuru pakugadzira machira kuMiddle East. Machira akawanda aishandiswa kare ainge akagadzirwa nemvere dzemhuka, uye Bhaibheri rinotaura kakawanda nezvemakwai, kuveura, uye hembe dzaigadzirwa nemvere dzemhuka. (1 Samueri 25:2; 2 Madzimambo 3:4; Jobho 31:20) Mufurakisi uyo waishandiswa pakugadzira rineni, wairimwa kuIjipiti uye kuIsraeri. (Genesisi 41:42; Joshua 2:6) VaIsraeri vanogona kunge vaisarima donje, asi Magwaro anoratidza kuti vanhu vekuPezhiya vaishandisa shinda yaigadzirwa nedonje. (Esteri 1:6) Siriki (silk) yaidhura uye inofanira kunge yaiuya nevanhu vaifamba vachitengesa vaibva kuMabvazuva.​—Zvakazarurwa 18:11, 12.

“Mvere dzemakwai dzaiva nemavara akasiyana-siyana dzisati dzaiswa dhayi, kubva paruvara rwakati ngwee kuchena kusvika kuruvara rwakasvibira,” rinodaro bhuku rinonzi Jesus and His World. Uye kazhinji kacho, mvere dzaiwanzodhayiwa. Dhayi yepepuru iyo yaidhura chaizvo yaibva muzvipuka zvemugungwa zvakaita sehozhwa uye mumiti yakasiyana-siyana, midzi, nemashizha. Uyewo zvipukanana ndizvo zvaishandiswa pakugadzira madhayi matsvuku, eyero, ebhuruu, uye matema.