1. (a) N’chiyani chinkatsimikizira anthu a Mulungu kuti adzamasulidwa mu Babulo Wamkulu? (b) Kodi tikambirana mafunso ati?

M’NKHANI yapita ija, taona zimene zinachitika kuti Akhristu okhulupirika apezeke mu ukapolo wa Babulo Wamkulu. Koma chosangalatsa n’chakuti anatulukamo. Zikanakhala kuti mwayi wotulukawu panalibe, ndiye kuti lamulo la Yehova lakuti, “tulukani mwa iye anthu anga” likanakhala lopanda ntchito. (Werengani Chivumbulutso 18:4.) Koma kodi ndi liti pamene anatuluka mu ukapolowu? Tisanayankhe funso limeneli, tiyeni tikambirane kaye mafunso awa: Kodi Ophunzira Baibulo anatani kuti asiyane ndi Babulo Wamkulu chisanafike chaka cha 1914? Kodi abale athu ankalalikira mwakhama pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse? Kodi anthu a Mulungu analowa mu ukapolo wa Babulo Wamkulu chifukwa choti analakwitsa ndipo Mulungu ankawalanga?

2. Kodi Ophunzira Baibulo anatani kuti asakhale mbali ya chipembedzo chonyenga?

² Kudakali zaka zambiri kuti nkhondo ya padziko lonse iyambe,  M’bale Charles Taze Russell ndi anzake anazindikira kuti Matchalitchi Achikhiristu sankaphunzitsa choonadi cha m’Baibulo. Choncho anaona kuti ndi bwino kusiyana nawo. Magazini ya Zion’s Watch Tower ya November 1879 inafotokoza maganizo awo pa nkhaniyi. Inati: “Tchalitchi chilichonse chimene chimati ndi mkwatibwi wokhulupirika wa Khristu koma chimagwirizana ndi boma, chili ngati hule ndipo ndi mbali ya Babulo Wamkulu.”—Werengani Chivumbulutso 17:1, 2.

3. Kodi Ophunzira Baibulo anatani posonyeza kuti sankafunanso kukhala mbali ya chipembedzo chonyenga? (Onani chithunzi patsamba 26.)

³ Ophunzira Baibulo anadziwa zoyenera kuchita. Ankadziwa kuti Mulungu sangawadalitse ngati akugwirizana ndi mabungwe a zipembedzo zonyenga. Choncho ambiri analembera makalata matchalitchi awo kuti akufuna kuchoka m’tchalitchi. M’matchalitchi ena makalatawa ankawerengedwa pamaso pa anthu onse. Koma m’matchalitchi amene ankaletsa anthu kuwerenga poyera makalatawo, Ophunzira Baibulo ankalembera kalata munthu aliyense wa tchalitchi chawo yonena kuti asiya chipembedzocho. Sankafunanso kugwirizana ndi zipembedzo zonyenga ngakhale pang’ono. Poyamba munthu aliyense wochita zimenezi akanatha kuphedwa. Koma pofika m’zaka za m’ma 1870 n’kuti tchalitchi chitasiya kukondedwa ndi boma m’mayiko ambiri. N’chifukwa chake Ophunzira Baibulowa anatha kulankhula poyera za nkhaniyi komanso kutsutsa zimene matchalitchi ankaphunzitsa.

4. Pa nthawi ya nkhondo ya padziko lonse, kodi Ophunzira Baibulo ankaziona bwanji zipembedzo zonyenga?

⁴ Ophunzira Baibulo anazindikira kuti si zokwanira kungouza achibale awo ndi anzawo kuti iwo achoka m’chipembedzo chonyenga. Ankaona kuti anthu onse ayenera kudziwa kuti Babulo Wamkulu ali ngati hule. Choncho kuyambira mu December 1917 mpaka chakumayambiriro kwa 1918 Ophunzira Baibulowa anagawira kapepala ka mutu wakuti, “Kugwa kwa Babulo.” Anagawira timapepala tokwana 10 miliyoni ndipo timapepalati tinathandiza anthu kudziwa zoona zokhudza Matchalitchi Achikhristu. Atsogoleri achipembedzo anakwiya koopsa ndi zimenezi koma Ophunzira Baibulowo sanafooke. Iwo ankafunitsitsa “kumvera Mulungu monga wolamulira, osati anthu.” (Mac. 5:29) Kodi zonsezi zikusonyeza chiyani? Zikusonyeza kuti Ophunzira Baibulo sanalowe mu ukapolo wa Babulo Wamkulu pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse. Koma pa nthawiyi n’kuti akutulukamo ndipo ankathandizanso ena kuti achite chimodzimodzi.

5. N’chiyani chikusonyeza kuti abale ndi alongo ankalalikira mwakhama pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse?

⁵ Zaka zam’mbuyomu tinkafotokoza kuti pa nthawi yankhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse Yehova sanasangalale ndi anthu ake chifukwa choti sankagwira ntchito yolalikira mwakhama. Choncho tinkati anawalola kuti alowe mu ukapolo wa Babulo Wamkulu kwa kanthawi. Koma abale ndi alongo okhulupirika amene analipo pa nthawi yankhondoyi anafotokoza kuti ankachita zonse zomwe akanatha kuti ntchito yolalikira isaime. Pali umboni wokwanira wosonyeza kuti zimene ananenazi ndi zoona. Kuzindikira zimene Ophunzira Baibulowa anakumana nazo pa nthawiyi, kumatithandiza kumvetsa zinthu zina zimene zinafotokozedwa m’Baibulo.

6, 7. (a) Kodi Ophunzira Baibulo anakumana ndi mavuto ati pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse? (b) Perekani zitsanzo zosonyeza kuti Ophunzira Baibulo ankalalikira mwakhama.

 ⁶ Kunena zoona, Ophunzira Baibulo ankalalikira mwakhama pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse. Komatu sizinali zophweka kuti azigwira ntchitoyi. Tikutero pa zifukwa ziwiri. Choyamba, Ophunzira Baibulowo sanaphunzire kulalikira pogwiritsa ntchito Baibulo lokha. Ankagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mabuku osiyanasiyana pophunzitsa anthu choonadi. Ndiyeno chakumayambiriro kwa 1918, boma linaletsa buku lina limene ankagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri polalikira. (The Finished Mystery) Izi zinachititsa kuti abale ambiri azivutika polalikira. Chachiwiri, ndi mliri wachimfine choopsa womwe unabuka mu 1918. Matendawa anali opatsirana, choncho zinali zovuta kuti abale azipita kukalalikira. Koma ngakhale kuti panali mavutowa, Ophunzira Baibulo anayesetsa kuti asasiye kulalikira.

⁷ Mwachitsanzo, mu 1914 Ophunzira Baibulo anaonetsa “Sewero la Pakanema la Chilengedwe” kwa anthu oposa 9 miliyoni. Iwo anakwanitsa kuchita zimenezi ngakhale kuti analipo ochepa. Seweroli linali ndi zithunzi komanso mawu ndipo pa nthawiyo tingati linali sewero lotsogola kwambiri. Sewero limeneli linkaonetsa mbiri ya anthu, kuyambira pa Adamu mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka 1,000 za Ufumu wa Khristu. Tangoganizirani, chiwerengero cha anthu amene anaonera seweroli m’chaka cha 1914 chokha ndi choposa chiwerengero cha ofalitsa a padziko lonse masiku ano. Palinso malipoti osonyeza kuti mu 1916 chiwerengero cha anthu amene ankapezeka pamisonkhano ku United States chinafika 809,393. M’chaka cha 1918 chiwerengerochi chinawonjezeka kufika pa anthu 949,444. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti Ophunzira Baibulo ankalalikiradi mwakhama.

8. Pa nthawi ya nkhondo, kodi abale otsogolera anatani kuti athandize Ophunzira Baibulo?

⁸ Pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse, abale amene ankatsogolera ankayesetsa kupereka chakudya chauzimu komanso kulimbikitsa Ophunzira Baibulo kulikonse kumene anali. Izi zinathandiza kuti abale ndi alongo apitirize kugwira ntchito yolalikira.  M’bale Richard H. Barber yemwe analinso wakhama pa nthawiyo anati: “Tinayesetsa kuti pakhale oyang’anira oyendayenda angapo oti aziyendera mipingo. Tinkatumizanso magazini a Nsanja ya Olonda m’mipingo ngakhalenso m’dziko la Canada komwe maganiziyi inali yoletsedwa. . . . Komanso ineyo ndinatumiza kabuku kakang’ono kamene kanaletsedwa kaja kwa abale angapo amene mabuku awo anali atalandidwa. (The Finished Mystery) M’bale Rutherford anapempha kuti pakonzedwe misonkhano ingapo m’mizinda ya kumadzulo kwa United States ndipo kupite abale oti akalimbikitse abale ndi alongo.”

9. (a) Kodi anthu a Mulungu anachita zinthu zolakwika ziti pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse? (b) Ngakhale kuti abalewa analakwitsa zinthu zina, sitiyenera kuganiza chiyani?

⁹ Komabe sikuti zonse zimene Ophunzira Baibulo anachita pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse zinali zogwirizana ndi Malemba. Chifukwa chosamvetsa bwino Malemba, iwo sankadziwa zoyenera kuchita pa nkhani yogonjera maboma. (Aroma 13:1) Choncho nthawi zina ankachita nawo zinthu zokhudza nkhondo. Mwachitsanzo, pulezidenti wa ku United States atalamula kuti pa May 30, 1918 likhale tsiku lopempherera mtendere, Nsanja ya Olonda inalimbikitsa Ophunzira Baibulo kuti achite nawo mapempherowo. Abale ena anapereka ndalama zothandiza pa nkhondo ndipo ena mpaka anakhala asilikali n’kupita ku nkhondo. Ngakhale kuti abalewa ankalakwitsa zinthu zina, sitiyenera kuganiza kuti izi zinachititsa kuti Yehova awalange powapititsa ku ukapolo wa Babulo Wamkulu. Mfundo ndi yoti Ophunzira Baibulo anayesetsa kuti asakhale mbali ya chipembedzo chonyenga ndipo pa nthawi ya nkhondo ya padziko lonse anali atangotsala pang’ono kutulukiratu mu ukapowu.—Werengani Luka 12:47, 48.

10. Kodi Ophunzira Baibulo ankachita chiyani posonyeza kuti ankalemekeza moyo?

¹⁰ Ophunzira Baibulo sankadziwa bwino mfundo yoti Akhristu sayenera kumenya nawo nkhondo ngati mmene timadziwira masiku ano. Komabe iwo ankadziwa kuti Baibulo limaletsa kupha munthu. Choncho abale amene anapita kunkhondo aja ankakana kupha munthu. Chifukwa cha zimenezi ena ankaikidwa kutsogolo n’cholinga choti aphedwe.

11. Kodi akuluakulu a boma anatani ataona zimene Ophunzira Baibulo ankachita pa nthawi ya nkhondo?

¹¹ Mdyerekezi anakwiya chifukwa chakuti abale anasonyeza kukhulupirika pa nthawi ya nkhondo. Choncho ‘anayambitsa mavuto mwa kupanga malamulo.’ (Sal. 94:20) Mkulu wa asilikali wa boma la United States dzina lake James Franklin Bell, anauza M’bale Rutherford ndi M’bale Van Amburgh kuti boma linkafuna kukhazikitsa lamulo loti munthu amene wakana kupita kunkhondo aziphedwa. Kwenikweni ankafuna kuthana ndi Ophunzira Baibulo. Mkulu wa asilikaliyo anakwiya kwambiri ndipo anauza M’bale Rutherford kuti lamulo limeneli silinakhazikitsidwe chifukwa choti pulezidenti sanasainire. Iye anati: “Koma tipeza njira ina, ndipo tithana nanu.”

12, 13. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani abale 8 amene ankatsogolera anaweruzidwa kuti akakhale kundende kwa nthawi yaitali? (b) Kodi kumangidwako kunawafooketsa? Fotokozani.

¹² Boma linapezadi njira yolangira Ophunzira Baibulo. Linamanga M’bale Rutherford ndi  Van Amburgh komanso abale ena 6 amene ankaimira Watch Tower Society. Munthu amene ankaweruza mlandu wawo ananena kuti: ‘Zimene anthu awa amaphunzitsa zikuwachititsa kukhala oopsa kwambiri kuposa gulu la asilikali a Germany. Ayenera kupatsidwa chilango chokhwima kwambiri chifukwa choti alakwira boma ndi asilikali komanso anyoza matchalitchi onse.’ (Zachokera m’buku lakuti, Faith on the March, lolembedwa ndi A. H. Macmillan, tsa. 99.) Abalewo anapatsidwadi chilango chokhwima. Anaweruzidwa kuti akhale kundende ya ku Georgia kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri. Koma nkhondo itatha, anamasulidwa ndipo milandu yawo inathera pomwepo.

¹³ Pa nthawi imene abalewo anali kundende ankayesetsabe kutsatira mfundo za m’Malemba. Tikutero chifukwa cha zimene analemba m’kalata yawo yopempha pulezidenti kuti awamasule. Iwo analemba kuti Baibulo limanena kuti tisaphe munthu. Choncho aliyense wodzipereka kwa Mulungu amene samvera lamuloli amakhala mdani wa Mulunguyo ndipo adzawonongedwa. Ananena kuti n’chifukwa chake iwowo anakana kupha anthu ndipo sangaphe zivute zitani. Kunalitu kulimba mtima kwambiri kuti anene zimenezi. Apa zinali zoonekeratu kuti abalewo anatsimikiza kuti sagonja ndipo akhalabe okhulupirika kwa Yehova.

14. Mogwirizana ndi Malemba, kodi n’chiyani chinachitika kuyambira mu 1914 kufika mu 1919?

¹⁴ Lemba la Malaki 3:1-3 limafotokoza zimene zinachitikira Ophunzira Baibulo kuyambira mu 1914 kufika kumayambiriro kwa 1919. (Werengani.) Yehova Mulungu, yemwe ndi “Ambuye woona” ndi Yesu Khristu, yemwe ndi “mthenga wa pangano” analowa m’kachisi wauzimu kuti akayendere “ana a levi” omwe ndi odzozedwa. Yehova atayeretsa anthu akewa anaona kuti ndi oyenera kuwapatsa udindo wina. Ndiyeno mu 1919, “kapolo wokhulupirika ndi wanzeru” anaikidwa kuti azipereka chakudya chauzimu kwa atumiki a Mulungu. (Mat. 24:45) Apa tsopano anthu a Mulungu anamasulidwa mu ukapolo wa Babulo Wamkulu. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, anthu a Yehova aphunzira zambiri ndipo akudziwa bwino cholinga cha Mulungu komanso amamukonda kwambiri. Iwo amayamikira madalitso amene Yehova akuwapatsa. ^[1]

15. Kodi tiyenera kuchita chiyani popeza tinamasulidwa mu ukapolo wa Babulo Wamkulu?

¹⁵ Tikusangalala kwambiri kuti tinamasulidwa mu ukapolo wa Babulo Wamkulu. Satana walephera kuthetsa kulambira koona. Komabe tiyenera kumakumbukira chifukwa chimene Yehova anatitulutsira mu ukapolowu. (2 Akor. 6:1) Tisaiwale kuti pali anthu ambiri amene adakali mu ukapolo wa chipembedzo chonyenga. Anthu amenewa akufunika kuwathandiza kuti nawonso atulukemo. Choncho tiyeni tiziyesetsa kutsanzira abale athu okhulupirika akale pothandiza anthu kuti amasuke.