1-2. (a) Kodi Baibulo limati Mose anali munthu wotani, nanga ndi zinthu ziti zimene iye anachita? (b) Kodi pali chifukwa chomveka chiti chotichititsa kuyesetsa kuti tikhale ofatsa?

BAIBULO limanena kuti Mose “anali munthu wofatsa kwambiri kuposa anthu onse amene anali padziko lapansi.” (Num. 12:3) Kodi zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti anali munthu wopepera, wamantha komanso wovutika kusankha zochita? Ena amaganiza kuti munthu wofatsa amakhala wotero. Koma zimenezo si zoona. Mose ankachita zinthu mwamphamvu potumikira Mulungu ndipo anali wolimba mtima komanso wodziwa zoyenera kuchita. Yehova anamuthandiza kuti alimbe mtima n’kukakumana ndi Farao, kutsogolera anthu pafupifupi 3 miliyoni kudutsa m’chipululu komanso kuthandiza Aisiraeli kugonjetsa adani awo.

² N’zoona kuti sitingakumane ndi zimene Mose anakumana nazo, koma tsiku lililonse timakumana ndi anthu kapena zinthu zimene zingatilepheretse kukhala ofatsa. Ngakhale zili choncho, pali chifukwa chomveka chotichititsa kuyesetsa kuti tikhale ofatsa. Paja Yehova walonjeza kuti “anthu ofatsa adzalandira dziko lapansi.” (Sal. 37:11) Ndiye kodi inuyo mumaona kuti ndinu munthu wofatsa? Nanga anthu ena anganene kuti ndinu ofatsa? Tisanayankhe mafunso amenewa, tiyeni tikambirane zimene munthu wofatsa amachita.

3-4. (a) Kodi kufatsa tingakuyerekezere ndi chiyani? (b) Kodi ndi makhalidwe 4 ati amene amafunika kuti tikhale ofatsa? Perekani chifukwa.

³ Kufatsa * tingakuyerekezere ndi chithunzi chokongola. Tikutero chifukwa chakuti munthu wojambula amasakaniza penti yosiyanasiyana kuti akongoletse chithunzi. Ifenso timafunika kukhala ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana kuti tikhale ofatsa. Ena mwa makhalidwe amenewa ndi kudzichepetsa, kugonjera, kudekha komanso kulimba mtima. N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kukhala ndi makhalidwe amenewa kuti tisangalatse Yehova?

⁴ Anthu odzichepetsa okha ndi amene amagonjera zimene Mulungu amafuna. Chinthu chimodzi chimene Mulungu amafuna n’chakuti tizikhala odekha. (Miy. 29:11; 2 Tim. 2:24) Tikamachita zimene Mulungu amafuna, Satana amakwiya kwambiri. Choncho anthu ambiri m’dziko la Satanali amadana nafe ngakhale kuti ndife ofatsa komanso odzichepetsa. (Yoh. 15:18, 19) N’chifukwa chake timafunika kukhala olimba mtima kuti tilimbane ndi Satana.

5-6. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani Satana amadana ndi anthu ofatsa? (b) Kodi tikambirana mafunso ati?

⁵ Koma munthu amene si wofatsa amakhala wodzikuza, sachedwa kukwiya komanso samvera Yehova. Umu ndi mmene Satana alili. Ndipo m’pake kuti amadana ndi anthu ofatsa. Popeza anthuwo amakhala ndi makhalidwe amene Satana alibe, amasonyeza kuti Satanayo ndi woipa kwambiri. Anthu ofatsa amasonyezanso kuti Satana ndi wabodza. Tikutero chifukwa chakuti ngakhale iye atayesetsa bwanji, sangalepheretse anthu ofatsa kuti azitumikira Yehova.​—Yobu 2:3-5.

⁶ Koma kodi ndi zinthu ziti zimene zingatilepheretse kukhala ofatsa? Nanga n’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kuyesetsabe kuti tikhale ofatsa? Kuti tiyankhe mafunso amenewa, tiyeni tikambirane chitsanzo cha Mose, Aheberi atatu amene anali ku ukapolo ku Babulo komanso Yesu.

7-8. Kodi Mose anatani atatsutsidwa ndi abale ake?

⁷ Tikapatsidwa udindo: Zimakhala zovuta kuti munthu waudindo akhale wofatsa, makamaka ngati anthu amene akuwayang’anira amamuderera kapena kumukayikira. Kodi zimenezi zinakuchitikiranipo? Nanga mungatani ngati munthu wina wa m’banja lanu atachita zimenezi? Tiyeni tione zimene Mose anachita atakumana ndi vuto limeneli.

⁸ Yehova anasankha Mose kuti atsogolere Aisiraeli ndipo anamugwiritsa ntchito kuti alembe malamulo oti Aisiraeliwo azitsatira. Zinali zoonekeratu kuti Yehova ankathandiza Mose. Ngakhale zinali choncho, mchemwali wake wa Mose dzina lake Miriyamu komanso mchimwene wake Aroni ankamutsutsa ndipo ananena kuti sanasankhe bwino mkazi. Akanakhala munthu wina akanakwiya kwambiri n’kuwalanga. Koma Mose sanakwiye nazo. M’malomwake anachonderera Yehova kuti achotse chilango chimene anapatsa Miriyamu. (Num. 12:1-13) N’chifukwa chiyani Mose anachita zimenezi?

9-10. (a) Kodi Yehova anathandiza Mose kuti azindikire chiyani? (b) Kodi abale a pabanja komanso akulu angaphunzire chiyani pa chitsanzo cha Mose?

⁹ Mose analola kuti Yehova azimuphunzitsa. Zaka 40 izi zisanachitike, Mose anali m’banja lachifumu ku Iguputo ndipo sanali wofatsa. Nthawi ina anapsa mtima kwambiri moti anapha munthu wina amene iye ankaona kuti sanachite zachilungamo. Mose ankaganiza kuti Yehova asangalala ndi zimene anachitazo. Choncho kwa zaka 40, Yehova anathandiza Mose kuzindikira kuti ankayenera kukhala wofatsa kuti atsogolere Aisiraeli osati kungokhala wolimba mtima basi. Komanso kuti akhale wofatsa, ankayenera kukhala wodzichepetsa, wogonjera ndiponso wodekha. Iye anaphunzira zimenezi ndipo anakhala mtsogoleri wabwino kwambiri.​—Eks. 2:11, 12; Mac. 7:21-30, 36.

¹⁰ Masiku ano, abale amene ali pa banja komanso akulu angachite bwino kutsanzira Mose. Sayenera kukwiya msanga ngati anthu ena sakuwalemekeza. Ayeneranso kuvomereza modzichepetsa zinthu zimene amalakwitsa. (Mlal. 7:9, 20) Ayenera kugonjera Yehova n’kumatsatira malangizo ake pothetsa mavuto. Komanso nthawi zonse ayenera kulankhula modekha. (Miy. 15:1) Abale a pa banja komanso akulu amene amachita zimenezi amasangalatsa Yehova, amalimbikitsa mtendere komanso amapereka chitsanzo chabwino pa nkhani ya kufatsa.

11-13. Kodi anyamata atatu achiheberi anapereka chitsanzo chotani?

¹¹ Tikamazunzidwa: Kuyambira kale, olamulira apadzikoli akhala akuzunza anthu a Yehova. Iwo akhoza kutiimba milandu yosiyanasiyana, koma chifukwa chenicheni chimene amatizunzira n’chakuti ‘timamvera Mulungu monga wolamulira, osati anthu.’ (Mac. 5:29) Tikhoza kunyozedwa, kumangidwa kapena kuchitiridwa nkhanza zina. Koma Yehova angatithandize kuti tikhalebe odekha n’kumapewa kubwezera.

¹² Chitsanzo chabwino pa nkhaniyi ndi zimene Hananiya, Misayeli ndi Azariya anachita. * Ali ku ukapolo ku Babulo, mfumu inawauza kuti agwadire fano lagolide. Iwo anafotokozera mfumuyo modekha chifukwa chimene sangalambirire fanolo. Anyamatawa anamverabe Mulungu ngakhale kuti mfumuyo inawaopseza kuti aponyedwa m’ng’anjo ya moto. Ataponyedwamo, Yehova anawapulumutsa nthawi yomweyo. Anyamatawo anali okonzeka kumvera Yehova ngakhale kuti sankadziwa ngati awapulumutse pa nthawiyo. (Dan. 3:1, 8-28) Apa iwo anasonyeza kuti anthu ofatsa amakhalanso olimba mtima. Palibe mfumu, mawu oopseza kapena chilango chomwe chingatichititse kuti tisiye kulambira Yehova.​—Eks. 20:4, 5.

¹³ Kodi tingatsanzire bwanji anyamata amenewa tikamayesedwa kuti tisiye kukhala okhulupirika kwa Yehova? Tiyenera kukhala odzichepetsa n’kumadalira Yehova kuti azitisamalira. (Sal. 118:6, 7) Anthu akamatitsutsa tiyenera kuyankha modekha komanso mwaulemu. (1 Pet. 3:15) Tiyeneranso kupewa kuchita chilichonse chimene chingasokoneze ubwenzi wathu ndi Atate wathu wachikondi.

14-15. (a) N’chiyani chingachitike tikamada nkhawa? (b) Malinga ndi Yesaya 53:7, 10, n’chifukwa chiyani tinganene kuti Yesu ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri pa nkhani yokhalabe wofatsa ngakhale pamene ankada nkhawa?

¹⁴ Tikakhala ndi nkhawa: Tonsefe timakumana ndi zinthu zimene zimatidetsa nkhawa. Tikhoza kuda nkhawa tikatsala pang’ono kulemba mayeso kapena kugwira ntchito inayake yovuta. Tikhozanso kuda nkhawa tikapita kuchipatala. Tikamada nkhawa zingativute kuti tikhalebe ofatsa. Zinthu zimene sitivutika nazo pa nthawi zina zikhoza kutipsetsa mtima. Ndiye tingayambe kulankhula kapena kuchita zinthu zimene zingakhumudwitse ena. Ngati mwakumana ndi vuto limeneli, chitsanzo cha Yesu chingakuthandizeni.

¹⁵ Pa miyezi yomalizira ya moyo wake padzikoli, Yesu ankada nkhawa kwambiri. Iye ankadziwa kuti azunzika kwambiri komanso kuphedwa. (Yoh. 3:14, 15; Agal. 3:13) Pa nthawi ina, iye ananena kuti akuvutika kwambiri mumtima. (Luka 12:50) Kutatsala masiku ochepa kuti aphedwe, ananena kuti: “Moyo wanga ukusautsika.” Iye anasonyeza kudzichepetsa komanso kugonjera Mulungu pamene anapemphera kuti: “Atate ndipulumutseni ku nthawi yosautsayi. Komabe nthawi imeneyi iyenera kundifikira pakuti ndiye chifukwa chake ndinabwera. Atate lemekezani dzina lanu.” (Yoh. 12:27, 28) Pa nthawi yake, Yesu analimba mtima n’kudzipereka kwa adani a Mulungu omwe anamupha m’njira yopweteka kwambiri komanso yochititsa manyazi. Ngakhale kuti ankada nkhawa komanso kuzunzika kwambiri, Yesu anachitabe zimene Mulungu ankafuna. Apa zikuonekeratu kuti Yesu anapereka chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri pa nkhani yokhalabe wofatsa ngakhale pamene ankada nkhawa.​—Werengani Yesaya 53:7, 10.

16-17. (a) Kodi anzake a Yesu anachita zinthu ziti zimene zikanamukwiyitsa? (b) Kodi tingatsanzire bwanji Yesu?

¹⁶ Usiku woti Yesu aphedwa mawa lake, anzake a pamtima anachita zinthu zimene zikanamukwiyitsa. Tangoganizirani mmene Yesu ankamvera mumtima usiku umenewu. Mwina ankadera nkhawa ngati angakhalebe wokhulupirika mpaka imfa. Ankadziwanso kuti ngati sangakhale wokhulupirika anthu mabiliyoni ambiri sadzakhala ndi mwayi wopeza moyo wosatha. (Aroma 5:18, 19) Koma chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti zimene akanachita zikanakhudza dzina la Atate wake. (Yobu 2:4) Ndiye usikuwo pa nthawi ya chakudya cha madzulo, atumwi ake anayamba kukangana “pakati pawo za amene anali kuoneka wamkulu kwambiri.” Yesu anali atawapatsa kale malangizo pa nkhaniyi nthawi zingapo ndipo malangizo ena anawapatsa usiku womwewo. Koma chochititsa chidwi n’chakuti Yesu sanapse mtima. M’malomwake anakambirana nawo modekha. Yesu anawafotokozeranso mokoma mtima koma mosapita m’mbali maganizo amene ayenera kukhala nawo. Kenako iye anawayamikira chifukwa chokhala anzake okhulupirika.​—Luka 22:24-28; Yoh. 13:1-5, 12-15.

¹⁷ Kodi mukanakhala inuyo mukanachita chiyani? Tingachite bwino kutsanzira Yesu n’kumakhalabe ofatsa ngakhale pamene tikuda nkhawa. Tiyenera kugonjera Yehova n’kumamvera lamulo lake lakuti: “Pitirizani kulolerana.” (Akol. 3:13) Tikamakumbukira kuti tonsefe timanena komanso kuchita zinthu zimene sizisangalatsa anthu ena, sitingavutike kumvera lamulo limeneli. (Miy. 12:18; Yak. 3:2, 5) Tiyeneranso kuyamikira anthu ena chifukwa cha zinthu zabwino zimene amachita.​—Aef. 4:29.

18. Kodi Yehova amathandiza bwanji anthu ofatsa kuti azisankha bwino zochita, nanga anthuwo ayenera kuchita chiyani?

¹⁸ Tikhoza kumasankha bwino zochita. Ngati ndife ofatsa, Yehova adzatithandiza kuti tizisankha zinthu mwanzeru pa nkhani zovuta. Iye walonjeza kuti adzamva “kuchonderera kwa anthu ofatsa.” (Sal. 10:17) Komatu si zokhazi. Paja Baibulo limalonjeza kuti iye “adzachititsa ofatsa kutsatira zigamulo zake, ndipo adzaphunzitsa ofatsa kuyenda m’njira yake.” (Sal. 25:9) Yehova amaphunzitsa anthu ake pogwiritsa ntchito Baibulo ndi mabuku * komanso mapulogalamu okonzedwa ndi “kapolo wokhulupirika ndi wanzeru.” (Mat. 24:45-47) Koma tiyenera kuchita mbali yathu. Tiyenera kukhala odzichepetsa n’kuvomereza kuti timafunika thandizo, kuphunzira zimene Yehova watipatsa komanso kuzitsatira pa moyo wathu.

19-21. Kodi Mose analakwitsa chiyani ku Kadesi, nanga tikuphunzirapo chiyani?

¹⁹ Tidzapewa kulakwitsa zinthu. Taganiziraninso za Mose. Kwa zaka zambiri, iye anali wofatsa ndipo ankasangalatsa Yehova. Koma chakumapeto kwa ulendo wovuta wa zaka 40, iye analephera kukhala wofatsa. Pa nthawiyi n’kuti mchemwali wake, amene ayenera kuti ndi yemwe anathandiza kuti Mose asaphedwe ku Iguputo, atamwalira n’kuikidwa m’manda ku Kadesi. Ndiyeno Aisiraeli anayamba kudandaulanso kuti Mose sakuwasamalira bwino. Iwo “anayamba kukangana ndi Mose” pa nkhani yoti alibe madzi. Anthuwa anayamba kudandaula ngakhale kuti anaona Yehova akugwiritsa ntchito Mose pochita zodabwitsa zambiri. Komanso Mose anali atasonyeza kwa nthawi yaitali kuti ndi mtsogoleri woganizira anthu osati wodzikonda. Podandaula, anthuwo sankangonena za madzi okha koma ankatsutsanso Mose ngati kuti iye ndi amene anawachititsa kumva ludzu.​—Num. 20:1-5, 9-11.

²⁰ Zitatero, Mose analephera kukhala wofatsa ndipo anapsa mtima. M’malo mosonyeza chikhulupiriro n’kulankhula ndi mwala mogwirizana ndi malangizo a Yehova, Mose anakwiya n’kukalipira anthuwo komanso kusonyeza kuti iye ndi amene angawapatse madzi. Kenako anamenya mwalawo kawiri moti madzi ambiri anayamba kutuluka. Kudzikuza komanso mkwiyo zinamuchititsa kuti alakwitse kwambiri zinthu. (Sal. 106:32, 33) Zimene anachita pa kanthawi kameneka zinachititsa kuti asaloledwe kulowa m’Dziko Lolonjezedwa.​—Num. 20: 12.

²¹ Kodi tikuphunzira chiyani pa nkhani imeneyi? Choyamba, tiyenera kuyesetsa nthawi zonse kuti tikhalebe ofatsa. Tikangodzilekerera, ngakhale pang’ono pokha, tikhoza kuyamba kudzikuza n’kulankhula kapena kuchita zinthu mopanda nzeru. Chachiwiri, munthu akakhala ndi nkhawa amafooka choncho tiziyesetsa kukhalabe ofatsa ngakhale pamene tapanikizika.

22-23. (a) N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kuyesetsabe kuti tikhale ofatsa? (b) Kodi mawu opezeka pa Zefaniya 2:3 amasonyeza chiyani?

²² Tidzatetezedwa. Posachedwapa, Yehova adzawononga oipa onse ndipo padzikoli padzatsala anthu ofatsa okhaokha. Pa nthawi imeneyo dziko lonse lidzakhala pa mtendere. (Sal. 37:10, 11) Kodi inuyo mudzakhala m’gulu la anthu ofatsawo? Zimenezi zingatheke ngati mutamamvera malangizo a Yehova amene Zefaniya analemba.​—Werengani Zefaniya 2:3.

²³ Koma kodi n’chifukwa chiyani lemba la Zefaniya 2:3 limanena kuti: “Mwina mungadzabisike?” Apa nkhani si yoti Yehova sangakwanitse kuteteza anthu amene amamusangalatsa komanso omwe iye amawakonda. Zikungosonyeza kuti zochita zathu n’zimene zingachititse kuti tipulumuke kapena ayi. Tikhoza kudzapulumuka pa “tsiku la mkwiyo wa Yehova” n’kukhala ndi moyo wosatha ngati tikuyesetsa panopa kukhala ofatsa n’kumasangalatsa Yehova.