1. Ni iyihe nama Petero yagiriye Abakristo bagenzi be, kandi se kuki dushobora kumva ko kuyishyira mu bikorwa bidashoboka?

GUSUZUMA inama Petero yagiriye Abakristo basutsweho umwuka bo mu kinyejana cya mbere, bishobora kutugirira akamaro, twaba dufite ibyiringiro byo kuba mu ijuru cyangwa ibyo gutura ku isi. Petero yaranditse ati: “Mube abera mu myifatire yanyu yose, nk’uko Uwabahamagaye na we ari Uwera, kuko byanditswe ngo ‘mugomba kuba abera kuko ndi uwera’” (1 Pet 1:15, 16). Ayo magambo agaragaje ko Yehova ari uwera kuruta abandi bose, kandi ko natwe dushobora kumwigana. Dushobora kuba abera mu myifatire yacu yose, kandi ni byo dusabwa. Icyakora dushobora kumva ibyo bidashoboka, kubera ko tudatunganye. Nubwo hari amakosa Petero yakoze, yagaragaje mu mibereho ye ko dushobora ‘kuba abera.’

2. Ni ibihe bibazo turi busuzume muri iki gice?

² Muri iki gice turi busuzume ibibazo bikurikira: Kuba abantu bera bisobanura iki? Ni iki Bibiliya ivuga ku birebana no kwera kwa Yehova? Ni iki cyadufasha kuba abera mu myifatire yacu yose? Ni irihe sano riri hagati yo kuba abantu bera no kuba inshuti za Yehova?

3. Abantu benshi bumva ko umuntu wera aba ameze ate, kandi se ni iki cyadufasha kumenya icyo kuba umuntu wera bisobanura?

³ Abantu benshi batekereza ko umuntu wera ari umuntu wambaye imyambaro y’idini, utajya aseka kandi uhora yibombaritse. Icyakora kuba abantu bera si icyo bisobanura. Bibiliya ivuga ko Yehova Imana yacu yera, ari “Imana igira ibyishimo” (1 Tim 1:11). Ubwo rero n’abamusenga bagomba kuba abantu bishimye (Zab 144:15). Yesu yamaganye abantu bambaraga imyambaro yihariye, kandi bagakorera ibikorwa  byiza imbere y’abantu, kugira ngo babarebe (Mat 6:1; Mar 12:38). Kwiga Bibiliya bituma dusobanukirwa icyo kuba umuntu wera bisobanura. Tuzi ko Imana yacu idukunda kandi yera, idashobora kudusaba gukora ibyo tudashoboye. Ubwo rero, iyo Yehova atubwiye ati: “Mugomba kuba abera,” twizera tudashidikanya ko twabishobora. Icyakora, tugomba kubanza gusobanukirwa icyo kuba abantu bera ari cyo, kugira ngo tumenye uko twaba abera mu myifatire yacu yose.

4. Kuba abantu bera bisobanura iki?

⁴ Kuba abantu bera bisobanura iki? Muri Bibiliya, ijambo “kwera” ryumvikanisha kugira imyifatire myiza no gusenga Imana mu buryo yemera. Nanone iryo jambo rishobora gusobanura umuntu watoranyirijwe gukorera Imana. Ubwo rero nitugira imyifatire myiza, tugasenga Yehova mu buryo yemera kandi tukaba inshuti ze, ni bwo tuzaba abantu bera. Kuba Yehova ari uwera nyamara akadusaba ko tuba inshuti ze kandi turi abantu badatunganye, biradushimisha cyane.

5. Ni iki abamarayika b’indahemuka batwigisha kuri Yehova?

⁵ Yehova arera mu byo akora byose. Ibyo tubyemezwa n’ibyo abaserafi baba hafi y’intebe y’Ubwami ya Yehova, bamuvuzeho. Hari abaserafi bavuze bati: “Yehova nyir’ingabo ni uwera, ni uwera, ni uwera” (Yes 6:3). Birumvikana ko abamarayika na bo bagomba kuba abera, kugira ngo babe inshuti za Yehova; kandi koko barera. N’ikimenyimenyi, iyo umumarayika wa Yehova yajyaga ahantu ku isi, hahitaga haba ahera. Uko ni ko byagenze igihe Mose yabonaga igihuru cy’amahwa kigurumana. Aho hantu Mose yari ari hahise haba ahera.—Kuva 3:2-5; Yos 5:15.

6-7. (a) Dukurikije ibivugwa mu Kuva 15:1, 11, Mose yagaragaje ate ko Yehova ari uwera? (b) Ni iki kibutsaga Abisirayeli bose ko Yehova ari uwera? (Reba ifoto iri ku gifubiko.)

⁶ Abisirayeli bamaze kwambuka Inyanja Itukura, Mose yabibukije ko Yehova Imana yabo ari uwera. (Soma mu Kuva 15:1, 11.) Icyakora Abanyegiputa bo ntibari abantu bera, kuko basengaga imana z’ibinyoma. Uko ni na ko byari bimeze ku basengaga imana z’i Kanani. Iyo basengaga, batambaga abana babo kandi bagakora ibikorwa by’ubusambanyi biteye ishozi (Lewi 18:3, 4, 21-24; Guteg 18:9, 10). Yehova we, nta ho ahuriye n’imana z’ibinyoma. Ntashobora gusaba abamusenga gukora ibintu bibi nk’ibyo. Yehova arera mu rugero ruhebuje. Ibyo byagaragazwaga n’amagambo yari yanditse ku gisate cya zahabu, cyari ku gitambaro umutambyi mukuru yambaraga ku mutwe. Kuri icyo gisate hari handitseho amagambo agira ati: “Kwera ni ukwa Yehova.”—Kuva 28:36-38.

⁷ Umuntu wese wari kubona ayo magambo, yari guhita yibonera rwose ko Yehova ari uwera. None se byari kugendekera bite Umwisirayeli, utarashoboraga kugera aho umutambyi mukuru yabaga ari, ngo asome ayo magambo? Ese ubwo ntiyari kuzigera amenya ko Yehova ari uwera? Oya rwose! Buri Mwisirayeli yabyumvaga iyo Amategeko ya Mose yabaga asomerwa abagabo, abagore n’abana (Guteg 31:9-12). Iyo uza kuba uhari icyo gihe, wari kumva amagambo agira ati: “Ndi Yehova Imana yanyu. Mujye muba abantu bera kuko nanjye ndi uwera.” N’andi agira ati: “Muzambere abantu bera kuko nanjye Yehova ndi uwera.”—Lewi 11:44, 45; 20:7, 26.

8. Ibivugwa mu Balewi 19:2 no muri 1 Petero 1:14-16 bitwigisha iki?

⁸ Reka noneho twibande ku magambo ari mu Balewi 19:2, yasomerwaga Abisirayeli  bose. Yehova yabwiye Mose ati: “Vugana n’iteraniro ryose ry’Abisirayeli, ubabwire uti ‘mujye muba abantu bera kuko jyewe Yehova Imana yanyu ndi uwera.’” Igihe Petero yateraga Abakristo inkunga yo ‘kuba abera,’ ashobora kuba yarasubiragamo ayo magambo ari mu Balewi. (Soma muri 1 Petero 1:14-16.) Birumvikana ko muri iki gihe tutakiyoborwa n’Amategeko ya Mose. Icyakora ibyo Petero yanditse, bigaragaza ko Yehova ari uwera kandi ko n’abamukunda bagomba kuba abera, nk’uko bivugwa mu Balewi 19:2. Ibyo twese biratureba, twaba dufite ibyiringiro byo kuba mu ijuru cyangwa kuba ku isi izaba yahindutse paradizo.—1 Pet 1:4; 2 Pet 3:13.

9. Gusuzuma ibivugwa mu Balewi igice cya 19 byatugirira akahe kamaro?

⁹ Twifuza gushimisha Imana yacu yera. Ubwo rero, dukwiriye kumenya icyo twakora kugira ngo tube abantu bera. Yehova atugira inama zadufasha kubigeraho. Izo nama dushobora kuzibona mu gitabo cy’Abalewi igice cya 19. Hari umuhanga w’Umuheburayo witwa Marcus Kalisch wanditse ati: “Birashoboka ko iki gice ari cyo k’ingenzi cyane mu gitabo cy’Abalewi, ndetse no mu bitabo bitanu bibanza bya Bibiliya.” Wibuke ko mu mirongo ibanza yo mu Balewi igice cya 19, harimo amagambo agira ati: “Mujye muba abantu bera.” Ubwo rero, reka turebe imirongo yo muri icyo gice, irimo amasomo y’ingenzi yadufasha mu buzima bwacu.

10-11. Dukurikije ibivugwa mu Balewi 19:3, ni iki tugomba gukora kandi kuki ari iby’ingenzi?

¹⁰ Yehova amaze kubwira Abisirayeli ko bagombaga kuba abantu bera, yongeyeho ati: “Buri wese muri mwe ajye yubaha se na nyina . . . Ndi Yehova Imana yanyu.”—Lewi 19:2, 3.

¹¹ Tugomba kumvira itegeko Imana yaduhaye ryo kubaha ababyeyi bacu. Ese waba wibuka icyo Yesu yashubije umuntu wamubajije ati: “Ni ikihe kintu cyiza ngomba gukora kugira ngo nzabone ubuzima bw’iteka?” Mu gisubizo Yesu yamuhaye, harimo n’uko yagombaga kubaha se na nyina (Mat 19:16-19). Nanone Yesu yacyashye Abafarisayo n’abanditsi kuko birengagizaga iryo tegeko. Ni yo mpamvu yababwiye ati: “Ijambo ry’Imana mwarihinduye ubusa”  (Mat 15:3-6). Iryo ‘jambo ry’Imana’ ryari rikubiyemo n’itegeko rya gatanu ryo mu Mategeko Icumi, ndetse n’ibyanditswe mu Balewi 19:3 (Kuva 20:12). Nanone uzirikane ko amagambo ari mu Balewi 19:3, avuga ko buri wese agomba kubaha se na nyina, abanzirizwa n’amagambo agira ati: “Mujye muba abantu bera kuko jyewe Yehova Imana yanyu ndi uwera.”

12. Dukurikije ibivugwa mu Balewi 19:3, ni ikihe kibazo ushobora kwibaza?

¹² Mu gihe ugitekereza kuri iryo tegeko Yehova yaduhaye ryo kubaha ababyeyi bacu, ushobora kwibaza uti: “Ese nubaha ababyeyi bange?” Niba wumva mu gihe cyashize utarabikoze, ushobora kwikosora. Ntushobora guhindura ibyahise, ariko ubu ushobora kwiyemeza kujya umarana igihe n’ababyeyi bawe, kandi ukabafasha. Nanone ushobora kubagurira ibyo bakeneye, ukabafasha gukomeza kuba inshuti za Yehova kandi ukabahumuriza. Nubikora uzaba wumviye itegeko riri mu Balewi 19:3.

13. (a) Ni iyihe nama yindi ivugwa mu Balewi 19:3? (b) Dukurikije ibivugwa muri Luka 4:16-18, twakora iki ngo twigane Yesu muri iki gihe?

¹³ Hari ikindi kintu gifitanye isano no kwera kiri mu Balewi 19:3. Muri uwo murongo, havugwamo ibirebana no kubaha Isabato. Muri iki gihe, Abakristo ntibakiyoborwa n’Amategeko ya Mose. Ubwo rero, ntidusabwa kubahiriza Isabato ya buri cyumweru. Icyakora nubwo bimeze bityo, gusuzuma uko Abisirayeli bizihizaga Isabato n’uko byabagiriraga akamaro, bishobora kudufasha. Ku munsi w’Isabato barekaga imirimo bakoraga, maze uwo munsi bakawuharira ibikorwa bifitanye isano no gusenga Imana. * Uko ni ko Yesu yabigenzaga. Ku munsi w’Isabato, yajyaga mu isinagogi yo mu mugi w’iwabo, maze agasoma Ijambo ry’Imana (Kuva 31:12-15; soma muri Luka 4:16-18.) Itegeko Imana yari yarahaye Abisirayeli, riri mu Balewi 19:3 rigira riti: “Mujye mukomeza amasabato yanjye,” rifite icyo ritwigisha. Ritwigisha ko buri munsi tugomba gushaka igihe, maze tukagikoresha mu bintu bifitanye isano no gusenga Yehova. Ese usanze hari ibyo ukwiriye kunonosora kugira ngo wumvire iryo tegeko? Niba buri gihe ushaka akanya ko kwibanda ku bintu by’umwuka, uzaba inshuti ya Yehova. Ibyo ni iby’ingenzi kuko bizagufasha kuba umuntu wera.

14. Ni ikihe kintu k’ingenzi kivugwa kenshi mu Balewi igice cya 19?

¹⁴ Mu Balewi igice cya 19 hasubiramo kenshi ikintu k’ingenzi cyadufasha gukomeza kuba abantu bera. Umurongo wa 4 usozwa n’amagambo agira ati: “Ndi Yehova Imana yanyu.” Ayo magambo cyangwa andi ameze nka yo, aboneka inshuro 16 muri icyo gice. Ibyo bitwibutsa itegeko rya mbere Yehova yahaye Abisirayeli, rigira riti: “Ndi Yehova Imana yawe . . . Ntukagire izindi mana mu maso yanjye” (Kuva 20:2, 3). Buri Mukristo agomba gukora uko ashoboye kose kugira ngo hatagira ikintu cyangwa umuntu arutisha Yehova. Nanone kubera ko turi Abahamya ba Yehova, turitwararika kugira ngo tudakora ikintu cyatukisha izina ryera ry’Imana yacu.—Lewi 19:12; Yes 57:15.

15. Imirongo yo mu Balewi igice cya 19 ivuga ibirebana no gutamba ibitambo by’amatungo, yagombye kudushishikariza gukora iki?

¹⁵ Iyo Abisirayeli bumviraga amategeko Yehova yari yarabahaye, babaga bagaragaje ko bemera ko ari Imana yabo. Mu Balewi 18:4 hagira hati: “Muzakurikize amategeko yanjye kandi mukomeze amateka yanjye,  abe ari yo mugenderamo. Ndi Yehova Imana yanyu.” Mu gice cya 19 hagaragaramo amwe muri ayo ‘mateka’ cyangwa amabwiriza, Abisirayeli basabwaga gukurikiza. Urugero, umurongo wa 5-8, 21, 22 hagaragaramo amabwiriza Abisirayeli bagombaga gukurikiza mu gihe batambaga ibitambo by’amatungo. Mu gihe Abisirayeli babaga batamba ibyo bitambo, bagombaga kwitonda kugira ngo badahumanya “ikintu cyera cya Yehova.” Gusoma iyo mirongo byagombye gutuma twiyemeza gushimisha Yehova. Nanone byagombye gutuma dutambira Yehova ibitambo by’ishimwe, nk’uko mu Baheburayo 13:15 habiduteramo inkunga.

16. Ni irihe hame riboneka mu Balewi igice cya 19 rigaragaza ko hakwiriye kubaho itandukaniro hagati y’abakorera Imana n’abatayikorera?

¹⁶ Niba twifuza kuba abantu bera, tugomba kugaragaza ko dutandukanye n’abantu badasenga Yehova. Gusa ibyo bishobora kugorana. Hari igihe abo twigana, abo dukorana, bene wacu badasenga Yehova ndetse n’abandi, bashobora kuduhatira gukora ibintu bidashimisha Yehova. Icyo gihe tuba tugomba gufata umwanzuro. Ni iki cyadufasha gufata umwanzuro mwiza? Gusuzuma ihame riboneka mu Balewi 19:19 bishobora kudufasha. Iryo hame rigira riti: “Ntukambare umwenda uboshywe mu budodo bw’ubwoko bubiri buvanze.” Iryo tegeko ryatumaga umuntu ashobora gutandukanya Abisirayeli n’andi mahanga yari abakikije. Muri iki gihe ntitukiyoborwa n’Amategeko ya Mose. Ni yo mpamvu dushobora kwambara imyenda idoze mu budodo butandukanye. Icyakora ntitwifuza kuba nk’abantu bizera ibintu bidahuje n’Ibyanditswe kandi bagakora ibibi, baba abo twigana, abo dukorana cyangwa bene wacu. Birumvikana ko dukunda bene wacu n’abandi bantu muri rusange. Icyakora, dufata imyanzuro igaragaza ko twumvira Yehova, kabone n’iyo yatuma tuba abantu batandukanye n’abandi. Ibyo ni iby’ingenzi niba dushaka kuba abantu bera.—2 Kor 6:14-16; 1 Pet 4:3, 4.

17-18. Ni ayahe masomo y’ingenzi tuvana mu bivugwa mu Balewi 19:23-25?

¹⁷ Amagambo agira ati: “Ndi Yehova Imana yanyu,” yagombaga gufasha Abisirayeli kumva ko ubucuti bari bafitanye na Yehova, ari cyo kintu cyari ik’ingenzi mu buzima bwabo. Mu buhe buryo? Mu Balewi 19:23-25 hagaragaza icyo bagombaga gukora. (Hasome.) Reka turebe icyo Abisirayeli bagombaga gukora bamaze kugera mu Gihugu k’Isezerano, kugira ngo bakurikize ibivugwa muri iyo mirongo. Iyo umuntu yateraga ibiti byera imbuto, hashiraga  imyaka itatu atemerewe kurya ku mbuto zabyo. Ku mwaka wa kane, imbuto zeze kuri ibyo biti yazituraga Yehova. Noneho ku mwaka wa gatanu, ni bwo yabaga yemerewe kurya kuri izo mbuto. Iryo tegeko ryafashaga Abisirayeli kumva ko ibyifuzo byabo, atari byo bagombaga gushyira mu mwanya wa mbere. Bagombaga kwiringira ko Yehova yari kubaha ibyo bakeneye, maze bagashyira ibyo ashaka mu mwanya wa mbere. Yehova yari kubaha ibyokurya bihagije. Nanone Yehova yateye Abisirayeli inkunga yo kujya bajyana amaturo mu ihema rye, aho hakaba ari ahantu yari yaratoranyije ngo bage bahamusengera.

¹⁸ Itegeko riri mu Balewi 19:23-25 ritwibutsa amagambo Yesu yavuze mu Kibwiriza cyo ku Musozi. Yaravuze ati: ‘Ntimukomeze guhangayika mwibaza icyo muzarya cyangwa icyo muzanywa.’ Yongeyeho ati: “So wo mu ijuru azi ko mubikeneye byose.” Nk’uko Yehova yita ku nyoni akaziha ibyo zikeneye, ni na ko natwe azatwitaho akaduha ibyo dukeneye (Mat 6:25, 26, 32). Ibyo turabyizeye rwose. Natwe tuge tugira ‘icyo duha’ abakene, kandi si ngombwa ko abandi bamenya ko hari icyo twabahaye. Nanone tuge dutanga impano zo kwishyura ibyo itorero ryakoresheje, kandi tubikore twishimye. Iyo tubikoze, Yehova arabibona kandi azabitwitura (Mat 6:2-4). Nanone biba bigaragaza ko twasobanukiwe amasomo ari mu Balewi 19:23-25.

19. Ibintu twasuzumye bivugwa mu gitabo cy’Abalewi byakugiriye akahe kamaro?

¹⁹ Twasuzumye imirongo mike yo mu Balewi igice cya 19, yatweretse icyo twakora ngo twigane Imana yacu yera. Iyo twiganye Yehova, biba bigaragaje ko duharanira ‘kuba abera mu myifatire yacu yose’ (1 Pet 1:15). Hari abantu benshi badasenga Yehova babonye iyo myifatire yacu myiza, maze bituma bamwe muri bo bamusingiza (1 Pet 2:12). Ariko hari andi masomo menshi twavana mu Balewi igice cya 19. Ni yo mpamvu mu gice gikurikira, tuzareba indi mirongo yo muri icyo gice, yadufasha kumenya ibindi bintu twakora kugira ngo ‘tube abera,’ nk’uko Petero yabiduteyemo inkunga.