1. Yakobo yakuriye mu muryango umeze ute?

 YAKOBO umuvandimwe wa Yesu, yakuriye mu muryango wakundaga Yehova cyane. * Ababyeyi be, ari bo Yozefu na Mariya, bari indahemuka kandi bakoraga uko bashoboye kose ngo bakorere Yehova. Ariko hari undi mugisha Yakobo yari afite. Mukuru we yari kuzaba Mesiya wari warasezeranyijwe. Mbega ukuntu Yakobo yakuriye mu muryango mwiza!

2. Ni izihe mpamvu zari gutuma Yakobo abona ko mukuru we yari umuntu udasanzwe?

² Hari impamvu nyinshi zari gutuma Yakobo abona ko mukuru we yari umuntu udasanzwe (Mat 13:55). Urugero, Yesu yari azi Ibyanditswe neza, ku buryo igihe yari afite imyaka 12, abigisha b’abahanga b’i Yerusalemu batangajwe n’ubumenyi yari afite (Luka 2:46, 47). Nanone Yakobo ashobora kuba yarakoranye na Yesu umwuga w’ububaji. Niba ari uko byagenze, bishobora kuba byaratumye amenya neza mukuru we. Umuvandimwe Nathan H. Knorr yakundaga kuvuga ati: “Iyo ukorana n’umuntu ni bwo umumenya neza.” * Nanone Yakobo ashobora kuba yariboneye ukuntu ‘Yesu yakomeje gukura agwiza ubwenge n’imbaraga kandi akundwa n’Imana n’abantu’ (Luka 2:52). Ibyo byose bishobora gutuma umuntu atekereza ko Yakobo ari mu bantu ba mbere babaye abigishwa ba Yesu. Icyakora si ko byagenze.

3. Yakobo yitwaye ate igihe Yesu yatangiraga umurimo wo kubwiriza?

 ³ Igihe Yesu yakoraga umurimo wo kubwiriza hano ku isi, Yakobo ntiyabaye umwigishwa we (Yoh 7:3-5). Biranashoboka ko Yakobo yari muri bene wabo ba Yesu, bibwiraga ko “yataye umutwe” (Mar 3:21). Nanone nta kintu kigaragaza ko Yakobo yari kumwe na nyina Mariya, igihe Yesu yamanikwaga.—Yoh 19:25-27.

4. Ni iki tugiye gusuzuma?

⁴ Nyuma yaho, Yakobo yizeye Yesu kandi aba umwe mu bari bayoboye itorero rya gikristo ryo mu kinyejana cya mbere. Muri iki gice turi burebe amasomo abiri twavana kuri Yakobo: (1) Kuki tugomba kwicisha bugufi? (2) Twakora iki ngo tuge twigisha neza?

5. Yakobo yakoze iki igihe Yesu yamubonekeraga amaze kuzuka?

⁵ Ni ryari Yakobo yabaye umwigishwa wa Yesu? Yesu amaze kuzuka, “yabonekeye Yakobo, hanyuma abonekera intumwa zose” (1 Kor 15:7). Ibyo byakoze Yakobo ku mutima, maze ahita aba umwigishwa we. Nanone yari kumwe n’intumwa za Yesu mu cyumba cyo hejuru i Yerusalemu, igihe zari zitegereje guhabwa umwuka wera zari zarasezeranyijwe (Ibyak 1:13, 14). Nyuma yaho, Yakobo yaje kuba umwe mu bagize inteko nyobozi yo mu kinyejana cya mbere (Ibyak 15:6, 13-22; Gal 2:9). Nanone mbere gato y’umwaka wa 62, yarahumekewe yandikira Abakristo basutsweho umwuka. Urwo rwandiko yabandikiye rudufitiye akamaro natwe, twaba dufite ibyiringiro byo kuba mu ijuru cyangwa ku isi (Yak 1:1). Umuhanga mu by’amateka wo mu kinyejana cya mbere witwaga Josèphe, yavuze ko Umutambyi Mukuru w’Umuyahudi witwaga Ananiya, akaba yari umuhungu wa Ana, yategetse ko Yakobo yicwa. Yakobo yakomeje kubera Yehova indahemuka, kugeza igihe yarangirije isiganwa rye hano ku isi.

6. Yakobo yari atandukaniye he n’abayobozi b’amadini bo mu gihe ke?

⁶ Yakobo yicishaga bugufi. Tubyemezwa n’iki? Reka turebe ukuntu yari atandukanye n’abayobozi b’amadini benshi bo mu gihe ke. Igihe yabonaga ibimenyetso bifatika byagaragazaga ko Yesu ari Umwana w’Imana, yicishije bugufi arabyemera. Icyakora, abakuru b’abatambyi b’i Yerusalemu bo, si ko babigenje. Urugero,  ntibashoboraga guhakana ko Yesu yazuye Lazaro. Ariko aho kugira ngo bemere ko Yesu yoherejwe n’Imana, bashakishije uko bamwica, bakica na Lazaro (Yoh 11:53; 12:9-11). N’igihe Yesu yazukaga, bashakishije uko babihisha, kugira ngo abantu batabimenya (Mat 28:11-15). Ubwibone bwatumye abo bayobozi b’amadini batemera ko Yesu yari Mesiya.

7. Kuki tugomba kwirinda ubwibone?

⁷ Isomo twamuvanaho: Jya wirinda ubwibone kandi wemere kwigishwa na Yehova. Nk’uko indwara ishobora gutuma imitsi ivana amaraso mu mutima igagara maze umutima ntukomeze gutera neza, ni na ko ubwibone bushobora gutuma umutima wacu w’ikigereranyo ugagara, maze ntitwumvire Yehova. Abafarisayo binangiye imitima, banga kwemera ibimenyetso byagaragazaga ko Yesu yari afite umwuka wera, kandi ko yari Umwana w’Imana (Yoh 12:37-40). Ibyo bakoze byari bibi cyane, kuko byatumye batazabona ubuzima bw’iteka (Mat 23:13, 33). Ubwo rero, ni iby’ingenzi ko twemera ko Ijambo ry’Imana n’umwuka wayo bidufasha guhinduka tukaba abantu beza, kandi bikadufasha kugira ibitekerezo byiza no gufata imyanzuro myiza (Yak 3:17). Yakobo yemeye kwigishwa na Yehova kubera ko yicishaga bugufi. Nanone nk’uko turi buze kubibona, kuba yaricishaga bugufi byatumye amenya kwigisha neza.

8. Ni iki cyadufasha kwigisha neza?

⁸ Yakobo ntiyari yarize amashuri menshi. Nta gushidikanya ko abayobozi b’amadini bo mu gihe ke, bamufataga nk’uko bafataga Petero na Yohana. Babonaga ko ari “abantu batize bo muri rubanda” (Ibyak 4:13). Ariko iyo dusomye urwandiko Yakobo yanditse ruri muri Bibiliya, twibonera ko yigishaga neza. Natwe dushobora kuba tumeze nka Yakobo, tukaba tutarize amashuri menshi. Niba ari uko bimeze, umwuka wa Yehova ushobora kudufasha n’umuryango we ukadutoza, maze tukamenya kwigisha neza. Reka turebe ukuntu Yakobo yigishaga n’amasomo twamuvanaho.

9. Yakobo yigishaga ate?

⁹ Yakobo ntiyakoreshaga amagambo akomeye,  agoye kumva. Ibyo byatumaga ababaga bamuteze amatwi bamenya ibyo bakwiriye gukora n’uko babikora. Urugero, reka turebe ukuntu yasobanuriye Abakristo uko bakwihanganira akarengane, ntibabe abarakare kandi akabikora buryo bworoshye. Yaranditse ati: “Tuvuga ko abihanganye ari bo bahiriwe. Mwumvise ibyo kwihangana kwa Yobu kandi mwabonye ibyo Yehova yamukoreye hanyuma, mwibonera ko Yehova afite urukundo rurangwa n’ubwuzu akaba n’umunyambabazi” (Yak 5:11). Urabona ko Yakobo yigishaga akoresheje Ibyanditswe. Yakoreshaga Ijambo ry’Imana, akereka ababaga bamuteze amatwi ko buri gihe Yehova aha umugisha abantu bigana Yobu, bakamubera indahemuka. Yakobo yigishije iryo somo akoresheje amagambo yoroshye kandi yumvikana neza. Yabaga agamije guhesha Yehova ikuzo aho kuryihesha.

10. Twakwigana Yakobo dute mu gihe twigisha abandi?

¹⁰ Isomo twamuvanaho: Jya ukoresha imvugo yoroshye kandi wigishe wifashishije Ijambo ry’Imana. Mu gihe twigisha abandi, ntitwagombye gutuma badutangarira ngo tubereke ko tuzi ibintu byinshi. Ahubwo twagombye kubereka ko Yehova ari we uzi ibintu byinshi kandi ko abitaho (Rom 11:33). Ibyo twabigeraho tugiye dukoresha Bibiliya buri gihe mu gihe twigisha abandi. Urugero, ntidukwiriye kubwira abo twigisha Bibiliya icyo twakora iyo tuza kuba turi mu mwanya wabo. Ahubwo dukwiriye kubafasha gutekereza ku ngero zo muri Bibiliya no gusobanukirwa uko Yehova abona ibintu n’uko yiyumva iyo dukoze ibyiza cyangwa ibibi. Ibyo bizatuma bashyira mu bikorwa ibyo bize bagamije gushimisha Yehova, aho kuba ari twe bashimisha.

11. Ni ibihe bibazo Abakristo bamwe bari bafite, kandi se Yakobo yabateye inkunga yo gukora iki? (Yakobo 5:13-15)

¹¹ Yakobo yabwizaga abantu ukuri. Iyo dusomye urwandiko yanditse, tubona ko yari azi ibibazo abavandimwe be bari bafite, kandi ko yabagiriye inama idaciye ku ruhande y’uko babikemura. Urugero, hari Abakristo batindaga gukurikiza inama bagiriwe (Yak 1:22). Hari abandi bakundaga abakire kuruta abakene (Yak 2:1-3). Hari n’abandi batategekaga ururimi rwabo (Yak 3:8-10). Abo Bakristo bari bafite ibibazo bikomeye, ariko Yakobo yari yizeye ko bashoboraga guhinduka. Ni yo mpamvu yabagiriye inama mu bugwaneza ariko nanone atajenjetse, kandi abatera inkunga yo gushaka abasaza kugira ngo babafashe.—Soma muri Yakobo 5:13-15.

12. Ni iki cyadufasha gukomeza kurangwa n’ikizere mu gihe dufasha abo twigisha Bibiliya?

¹² Isomo twamuvanaho: Jya ubwiza abantu ukuri, ariko nanone ugaragaze ko ubafitiye ikizere. Hari igihe abantu benshi twigisha Bibiliya, gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo biga bishobora kubagora (Yak 4:1-4). Gucika ku ngeso mbi bari bamaranye igihe maze bakitoza imico ikwiriye Abakristo, bishobora kutaborohera. Icyo gihe tuba tugomba kwigana Yakobo, tukagira ubutwari bwo kubabwira ibyo bakwiriye guhindura. Nanone tuba tugomba gukomeza kurangwa n’ikizere, tukiringira ko Yehova azafasha abicisha bugufi bakamumenya, kandi akabaha imbaraga zo guhinduka.—Yak 4:10.

13. Dukurikije ibivugwa muri Yakobo 3:2, Yakobo yemeraga ko ameze ate?

¹³ Yakobo yicishaga bugufi. Ntiyumvaga ko umuryango yakuriyemo n’inshingano yari afite, byatumaga aba umuntu ukomeye kuruta abandi. Ahubwo yavugaga ko  Abakristo bagenzi be ari ‘abavandimwe akunda’ (Yak 1:16, 19; 2:5). Ntiyerekaga abandi ko we yari umuntu wihariye, udakora icyaha. Ahubwo yaravuze ati: “Twese ducumura kenshi.”—Soma muri Yakobo 3:2.

14. Kuki dukwiriye kwemera ko natwe dukora amakosa?

¹⁴ Isomo twamuvanaho: Jya wibuka ko twese dukora amakosa. Ntitwagombye kwishyira hejuru ngo twumve ko turuta abo twigisha. Kubera iki? Kubera ko iyo dutumye uwo twigisha atekereza ko tudakora amakosa, bishobora kumuca intege akumva ko atazashobora gukora ibyo Yehova ashaka. Ubwo rero tuba dukwiriye kwicisha bugufi, tukamubwira ko gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo Bibiliya ivuga, atari ko buri gihe byatworoheraga. Nanone iyo tumusobanuriye ukuntu Yehova yagiye adufasha kugira ngo duhinduke, bituma uwo twigisha abona ko na we ashobora gukorera Yehova.

15. Yakobo yakoreshaga ingero zimeze zite? (Yakobo 3:2-6, 10-12)

¹⁵ Yakobo yakoreshaga ingero zakoraga abantu ku mutima. Nta gushidikanya ko umwuka wera wamufashaga kubona izo ngero. Ariko nanone, Yakobo ashobora kuba yarigiye byinshi ku ngero Yesu, wari mukuru we, yari yarakoresheje, bigatuma amenya kwigisha. Mu ibaruwa Yakobo yanditse, yakoresheje ingero zoroshye kandi zituma umuntu ahita amenya icyo zimwigisha.—Soma muri Yakobo 3:2-6, 10-12.

16. Kuki dukwiriye gukoresha ingero zikwiriye?

¹⁶ Isomo twamuvanaho: Jya ukoresha ingero zikwiriye. Iyo ukoresheje ingero zihuje n’ibyo mwiga, bituma uwo wigisha asa n’ureba ibyo uvuga. Izo ngero zituma abo twigisha bibuka ibintu by’ingenzi bize muri Bibiliya. Yesu yakoreshaga ingero zikwiriye kandi Yakobo yaramwiganye. Reka turebe urugero Yakobo yakoresheje n’impamvu rwari rukwiriye.

17. Kuki urugero ruri muri Yakobo 1:22-25 rukwiriye?

¹⁷ Soma muri Yakobo 1:22-25. Hari impamvu zituma tuvuga ko urugero rw’indorerwamo Yakobo yakoresheje, rwari rwiza kandi rukwiriye. Hari isomo ry’ingenzi yashakaga kutwigisha: niba twifuza ko Ijambo ry’Imana ritugirira akamaro, tugomba kurisoma kandi tugashyira mu bikorwa  ibyo twasomye. Yakobo yakoresheje urugero rw’umuntu wireba mu ndorerwamo, kuko abo yabwiraga bashoboraga guhita babyiyumvisha. Ni iki yashakaga kutwigisha? Ibaze nawe umuntu yirebye mu ndorerwamo akabona ikintu akwiriye gukosora, ariko ntagikosore! Uwo muntu yaba afite ikibazo rwose. Natwe dusomye Bibiliya tukabona ikintu dukwiriye gukosora ariko ntitugikosore, twaba dufite ikibazo.

18. Ni ibihe bintu bitatu dukwiriye gukora mu gihe tugiye gukoresha ingero?

¹⁸ Mu gihe ukoresha ingero, uge wigana Yakobo maze ukore ibi bintu bitatu: (1) Jya ukoresha urugero ruhuje n’ibyo mwiga. (2) Jya ukoresha ingero abaguteze amatwi bakumva bitabagoye. (3) Jya ugaragaza icyo urwo rugero rwigisha. Niba kubona ingero bikugora, jya uzishakira mu Gitabo gifasha Abahamya ba Yehova gukora ubushakashatsi, ahanditse ngo: “Imigani ya Yesu.” Aho uzahabona ingero nyinshi wakoresha. Icyakora, jya wibuka ko ingero ari nka mikoro kuko zituma ibyo uvuga birushaho kumvikana neza. Ubwo rero, uge ukoresha ingero mu gihe ushaka gusobanura ibintu by’ingenzi gusa. Impamvu y’ingenzi ituma twitoza kwigisha neza, si uko twifuza kwihesha ikuzo, ahubwo ni uko twifuza gufasha abantu benshi kuza mu muryango wa Yehova, ugizwe n’abantu bishimye.

19. Twagaragaza dute ko dukunda abavandimwe na bashiki bacu?

¹⁹ Yakobo yari afite mukuru we utunganye, ariko twe ntitwagize uwo mugisha. Icyakora, dushimishwa no gukorera Yehova turi kumwe n’abavandimwe na bashiki bacu benshi. Iyo twifatanya na bo, tukabigiraho kandi tugakorera hamwe umurimo wo kubwiriza no kwigisha, bigaragaza ko tubakunda. Nitwigana Yakobo mu myifatire yacu kandi tukigana uko yigishaga, tuzahesha Yehova ikuzo. Nanone, tuzafasha abafite imitima itaryarya kumenya Data wo mu ijuru udukunda.