Yehowa Eli Nazi?
Ijakulo lya Biblia
Biblia byatenda buno Yehowa u Kalaga wa bulili, Mubumbi wa binsania. (Kulolesibwa 4:11) Anga Yesu, Abrahamu nu Musa bamukumbaminaga. (Kulinga 24:27; Kutuka 15:1, 2; Yoana 20:17) Eli Kalaga ta wa kilongo kya bantu kishembe, tondo eli Kalaga wa “kisi kinsania.”—Nimbo 47:2.
Yehowa u izina lya bwelebwele lya Kalaga anga bwalosya Biblia. (Kutuka 3:15; Nimbo 83:18) Izina lyongo lyatukila mu kitondo kya Kiebrania kisulwa buno “ekukitaga kuba,” nu basomi bingi bekumona buno izina lyongo lisulwa buno “Ekukitaga Bintu Bibe.” Bwisulilwa bubo buli bulingingi na mulimo wage anga Mubumbi ukuzindilizyaga makengelo mage. (Isaya 55:10, 11) Biblia byatukasya lingo kumenya Yehowa busoga nunse, nu kumenya lukumu lwage lutangi, u lutundo.—Kutuka 34:5-7; Luka 6:35; 1 Yoana 4:8.
Izina Yehowa lyatukila mu kitondo kyatendela izina lya Kalaga mu Kiebrania—mu herufi inazi ziteli n’iyuki za Tetragrammatoni יהוה (YHWH). Bubo bwatekulwaga izina lyongo wakalazi mu Kiebrania tabukumenywa. Tondo, izina “Yehowa” likukambibwaga kutukila wakalazi mu mutendezi wa Kilega. Izina lyongo lyakambizibwe ku limbizi litangi mu Kingereza mu bwisuzi bwa Biblia bwa William Tyndale mu mwaka wa 1530. *
Kabamba kakizi bubo bwatekulwaga izina lya Kalaga wakalazi mu Kiebrania tabukumenywa?
Kiebrania kya wakalazi takyasanzwaga na herufi z’iyuki (voyelles) kyasanzwaga tugu na herufi za viungo (consonnes). Muntu wasomaga u wamenyaga buni bwatekule bibyo byekusoma. Mu nkungu zasilile kusanzwa Masanzo ma Kiebania mekumanwa (“Idagano Ikulu”), Bayuda bamozi babezaga bes’akatizia nabo-nabo batendaga buno bwabezaga bubi kutekula izina lya Kalaga. Gabasomaga Masanzo mabezaga n’izina lya Kalaga, bagalukizizye izina lyongo na meina ma bukuti anga “Mukota” aba “Kalaga.” Nu bwatingaga nkungu, bukatizio bubo bwabalanganine, nu bubo bwatekulwaga izina lyongo bwanuziminde. *
Bantu bamozi bekukengelaga buno izina lya Kalaga lyatekulagwa “Yahweh,” nu bango bekulisyaga mango makengelo matingana-tingana. Kigondi kimozi kyamonekile mu Kitatenge kya Munkange kili na kibe kya kitabu kya Balawi mu mutendezi wa Kigiriki kisula izina lyongo buno Iao. Basanzi ba wakalazi ba Kigiriki bakambizizye nubo bitondo bikutekulwa buno Iae, I·a·beʹ, nu I·a·ou·eʹ, tondo takuli butitikizio bwalosya buno bubo u bwatekulwagwa izina lya Kalaga mu Kibrania kya wakalazi. *
Makengelo ma buza ku kabamba k’izina lya Kalaga mu Biblia
Makengelo ma buza: Bwisuzi bukukambyaga izina ‘‘Yehowa” bwatalika tugu izina lyongo.
Bulili: Herufi za Kiebrania zatendela izina lya Kalaga zasanzilwe mu Tetragramatoni zili mambizi matinga 7.000 mu Biblia. * Bwisuzi bwingi bwa Biblia bwatikizye na nko izina lya Kalaga mu Biblia nu kubika izina lyage lya bukuti anga “Mukota.”
Makengelo ma buza: Kalaga Mwija Magala Mansania ntekwijanizya kuba n’izina lya bwelebwele.
Bulili: Kalaga winyene asondelezizye basanzi ba Biblia bakambye izina lyage mambizi mingi nunse nu akakizizye tondo babo bamukumbaminaga bakambye izina lyage. (Isaya 42:8; Yoeli 2:32; Malaki 3:16; Baroma 10:13, NWT.) Tondo, Kalaga asungizizye balengania ba buza balondile kukita bantu bibilile izina lyage.—Yeremia 23:27.
Makengelo ma buza: Kulembana na bumba bwa Bayuda, izina lya Kalaga lyatunganana kutikibwa mu Biblia.
Bulili: Lebelebe, basuzi bamozi Bayuda tabatundaga kutekula izina lya Kalaga. Tondo, tabatikizizye izina lyongo mu ma kopi mabo ma Biblia. Kalaga ntekutundaga tulembe bumba buteli bulingilingi na makakizio mage.—Matayo 15:1-3.
Makengelo ma buza: Izina lya Kalaga talyatunganana kuba mu Biblia kubuno tatwizi buni bulyatekulwaga mu Kiebrania.
Bulili: Kukengela bubo kuli anga muntu watenda buno Kalaga ekutunda bantu bekutendaga mitendezi zatingana-tingana batekule izina lyage mu bwatuzi bumozi. Tondo Biblia byalosya buno kutukila wakalazi, bakumbamizi ba Kalaga batendaga mitendezi zatingana-tingana nu batekulaga meina mu nzila zatingana-tingana.
Kengela tangi ku musumo wa ngatu wa Baisraeli wamanagwa Yosua. Bakristo batendaga Kiebrania mu nkiko ntangi benatekwinde izina lyage Yehoh·shuʹaʽ, nu babo batendaga Kigiriki benalitekwinde I·e·sousʹ. Biblia bikukambyaga izina lya Kigiriki Yosua lisulwa kutukila mutendezi wa Kiebrania, bubo bwalosya buno Bakristo batekulaga meina bulingilingi na mutendezi wabo.—Misako 7:45; Baebrania 4:8.
Bubo u bukukitwa tondi kwa kwisula izina lya Kalaga. Kuteli kulonda kumenya buni bwatekulwaga izina lya Kalaga mu Kiebrania, kitondo kya mutali nunse kili buno izina lya Kalaga lyabikwa lingo ga biziki byatananina mu Biblia.
^ Gabezaga Tyndale ekugalukya bitabu bitano bitangi bya Biblia mu mutendezi wa Kingereza, atekulaga izina lyongo “Iehouah”. Bwatingaga nkungu, mutendezi wa Kingereza wagalukile nu izina lya Kalaga lyabezaga lisatekulwa bulingilingi na Kingereza kyatendaga bantu mu nkungu zezo. Anga mu 1612, Henry Ainsworth akambizizye izina “Iehovah” mu bwisuzi bwage bwa kitabu kya Nimbo. Gabende asubilila mulimo wage wa kwisula lingo kitabu kyongo mu 1639, akambiziye izina “Jehovah.” Nu mu 1901, beisuzi ba Biblia American Standard Version, bakambizizye izina “Jehovah” ku biziki byabezaga izina lyongo mu ma kopi ma Kiebrania.
^ New Catholic Encyclopedia, Second Edition, Ibuku 14, nsamba 883-884, zatenda bunee: “Mu nkungu nkeke gabende Bayuda batuka ku bukobe, babezaga besakua boba kutekula izina Yahweh kubuno bamonaga lyatunganana kwanzwa nunse, nu kuteli kukambya izina lyongo babezaga besakambya meina anga, ADONAI aba ELOHIM.”
^ Kwa kumona misagu ningi, lola apandise A4, “Jina la Mungu Katika Maandiko ya Kiebrania,” mu Biblia—Tafsiri ya Ulimwengu Mupya.
^ Lola kitabu Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament, Ibuku 2, nsamba 523-524.
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