JANUARY 10, 2019
GERMANY

Chionetsero Chokumbukira Nkhanza Zomwe a Mboni za Yehova Anakumana Nazo ku Germany

YAMBANI

Akuluakulu oyang’anira malo osonyeza zomwe zinkachitika kundende yakale yozunzirako anthu ku Ravensbrück anakonza chionetsero chomwe chizisonyezedwa m’mizinda yosiyanasiyana. Mutu wa chionetserochi ndi wakuti: “Kuzunzidwa Komanso Kuletsedwa kwa Ntchito ya Mboni za Yehova Kundende Yozunzirako Anthu ku Ravensbrück Komanso ku Ndende za ku East Germany.” Chionetserochi chikusonyeza mavuto omwe a Mboni za Yehova ankakumana nawo pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa maboma atatu a ku Germany. Maboma ake ndi la Weimar Republic lomwe linalamulira kuyambira mu 1918 mpaka 1933, la chipani cha Nazi kuyambira mu 1933 mpaka 1945 ndiponso la German Democratic Republic kuyambira mu 1949 mpaka 1990. (Onani bokosi lakuti: “ Nkhanza Komanso Mavuto Okhudza Zamalamulo pa Nthawi ya Ulamuliro wa Maboma Atatu a ku Germany.”) Chionetserochi chinayamba Lamlungu pa 22 April, 2018, pamalo osonyezera zomwe zinkachitika kundende yakale yozunzirako anthu ku Ravensbrück omwe ali mumzinda wa Fürstenberg ku Germany. M’chaka cha 2019, chionetserochi chidzaonetsedwa m’mizinda ya Erfurt, Rostock, komanso ku Potsdam komwe chidzachitikire m’nyumba ya malamulo ya ku Brandenburg.

Chithunzi cha zimene zinachitikira a Adolf Graf, m’modzi mwa a Mboni amene anazunzidwa ndi maulamuliro a maboma awiri, chinasonyezedwa pa chionetserochi.

Pa chionetserochi padzakhala zithunzi zofotokoza zomwe zinachitikira abale ndi alongo 12 omwe anazunzidwa ku Germany pa nthawi yaulamuliro wa Nazi komanso wachikomyunizimu wa German Democratic Republic. Anthu omwe adzapite kuchionetserochi adzakhala ndi mwayi womvetsera nkhani zojambulidwa, kuwerengedwa kwa makalata otsanzika amene analembedwa ndi a Mboni omwe anaweruzidwa kuti aphedwe, nkhani za m’nyuzipepala ndi mabuku akale a m’nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Nazi. Chionetserochi chikupereka umboni wosonyeza kuti abale athuwa anamangidwa chifukwa cha chikhulupiriro chawo, mosiyana ndi anthu ena masauzande ambiri omwe anamangidwa pazifukwa za tsankho, kusiyana maganizo pa nkhani zandale, kapenanso chifukwa cha milandu yongowaganizira.

Polankhula pa mwambo wotsegulira chionetserochi, katswiri wina wambiri yakale, Dr.Detlef Garbe anati: “Kuyambira kalekale, a chipani cha Nazi akhala akudana ndi a Mboni chifukwa choti ali ndi chikhulupiriro cholimba, ndi ogwirizana ndiponso sanalolere kusiya zimene amakhulupirira. . . . Popeza kuti a Mboni za Yehova amadalira kwambiri lonjezo la Mulungu lakuti adzawapulumutsa komanso amagwirizana kwambiri, zinawathandiza kupeza mphamvu kuti akhalebe okhulupirika ngakhale pa nthawi imene anali m’ndende zozunzirako anthu.”

Masiku anonso a Mboni za Yehova akamatsutsidwa ndiponso maboma akamaletsa ntchito yawo ngati zimene zikuchitika ku Russia, iwo amakhulupirira kuti Yehova adzapitiriza kuwathandiza.—Yesaya 54:17.

Nkhanza Komanso Mavuto Okhudza Zamalamulo pa Nthawi ya Ulamuliro wa Maboma Atatu a ku Germany

Nthawi ya Ulamuliro wa Weimar Republic (kuyambira 1918 mpaka 1933)

M’dziko lonse la Germany, atsogoleri a matchalitchi anapita ku makhoti n’cholinga chokasumira a Mboni za Yehova, omwe pa nthawiyo ankadziwika kuti Ophunzira Baibulo. Kuyambira mu 1922, abale anaimbidwa mlandu “wogulitsa mabuku popanda chilolezo, komanso wokana kupereka msonkho,” ndipo amene anapezeka olakwa ankapatsidwa chilango chowawa. Pakati pa chaka cha 1927 ndi 1930, Ophunzira Baibulo anaimbidwa milandu pafupifupi 5,000.

Mu 1928, atsogoleri a matchalitchi anachititsa kuti Dipatimenti ya Boma Yoona za Misonkho ichotse Bungwe la Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society m’gulu la mabungwe amene sankayenera kupereka msonkho. Pambuyo pake matchalitchi ananena poyera kuti cholinga chawo chinali kufuna kusokoneza ntchito yolalikira ya Ophunzira Baibulo. Kenako abale anakadandaula za nkhaniyi ku makhoti ndipo inagamulidwa mowakomera.

Mu November 1931, apolisi a mumzinda wa Munich analetsa mabuku a Ophunzira Baibulo m’chigawo cha Bavaria. Mu February 1932, boma la Upper Bavaria linaletsa mabukuwa ndipo mu March chaka chomwecho, a unduna woona nkhani za boma ku Bavaria anakana apilo yomwe Ophunzira Baibulo anapanga ndipo ananena kuti “ndi yosamveka.”

Nthawi ya Ulamuliro wa Chipani cha National Socialist (kuyambira 1933 mpaka 1945)

Pa 30 January, 1933, Adolf Hitler anayamba kulamulira dziko la Germany ndipo nthawi yomweyo anayamba kuletsa anthu kusonkhana pamodzi mwaufulu komanso kusindikiza mabuku ofotokoza maganizo awo. Pa nthawi yomwe a Mboni ankagwira ntchito yapadera yogawira kabuku kachingelezi kakuti Crisis kuyambira pa 8 mpaka pa 16 April, ntchito za Mboni za Yehova zinaletsedwa ku Bavaria. Pambuyo pa ntchito yapaderayi, madera enanso analetsa ntchito za a Mboni.

Atsogoleri azipembedzo ambiri ankagwirizana ndi Hitler ndipo ankasangalala akamazunza a Mboni za Yehova. Pa 20 April, 1933, wailesi ina inkaulutsa pulogalamu yolemekeza Hitler patsiku lake lakubadwa ndipo m’busa wina wa Tchalilitchi cha Lutheran dzina lake Otto anati:

“Tchalitchi cha Lutheran cha m’chigawo cha Saxony kuno ku Germany, chakhala chikuganizira kwambiri zokhudza boma latsopano la Nazi ndipo chalivomereza. Tchalitchichi chigwira ntchito limodzi ndi boma pofuna kuthandiza kuti dzikoli lino likhalenso logwirizana komanso la Chikhristu. Ndipotu umboni woyamba woti m’gwirizanowu wayamba kale kugwira ntchito, ndi zimene zachitika lero zoletsa ntchito ya bungwe la International Association of Earnest Bible Students komanso nthambi zake zomwe zili ku Saxony.”

Pofika mkatikati mwa chaka cha 1933, ntchito za a Mboni za Yehova zinali zitaletsedwa m’madera ambiri a dziko la Germany ndipo lamulo loletsa ntchitozi linavomerezedwa pa 1 April, 1935. Nyumba yomwe inkagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ofesi ya nthambi ya Mboni za Yehova pa nthawiyo inalandidwa ndi asilikali a Hitler. Nthawi zambiri nyumba za abale zinkachitidwa chipikisheni ndipo a Mboni ambiri anamangidwa.

Pamene nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse inkatha, ku Germany kunali a Mboni za Yehova pafupifupi 25,000. Pa a Mboniwa, pafupifupi 10,700 anali atazunzidwa ndi a chipani cha Nazi, 2,800 anali atatumizidwa kundende zozunzirako anthu, komanso pafupifupi 1,000 anali atafa.

Nthawi ya Ulamuliro wa Chipani cha German Democratic Republic (kuyambira 1949 mpaka 1990)

Ulamulirowu unkadziwikanso kuti East Germany ndipo unkanena kuti si wopondereza, koma unazunza a Mboni za Yehova ngati mmene ulamuliro wa chipani cha Nazi unachitira.

Pakati pa 1950 ndi 1985, a Mboni za Yehova oposa 5,000 anapezedwa olakwa ndi makhoti pamilandu “yogwira ntchito zotsutsana ndi boma,” “kuyankhula zinthu zoopseza boma,” komanso “kulimbikitsa nkhondo.” Chilango chimene abale ndi alongo ambiri ankapatsidwa chinali kukhala m’ndende zaka 5 ndi hafu.

A Mboni 62 anafera m’ndende kapena atamangidwa mu ulamuliro wa German Democratic Republic.

Mwina Mungakondenso Kudziwa Izi

NKHANI

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NKHANI