NOVEMBA 5, 2013
EARMENIA
IArmenia Ivula Ithuba Lomsebenzi Wabantu Abangafuniyo Ukuya Emkhosini
Kubonakala ngathi urhulumente waseArmenia ude wavuma ukuba abantu banelungelo lokwala ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yokungavunyelwa zizazela zabo. Ngo-Oktobha 23, 2013, iRepublican Commission yaseArmenia yavuma izicelo zamaNgqina kaYehova eziyi-51 kwezingaphezu kweziyi-90 ezafakwayo zokwenza umsebenzi wabantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini (le Komishoni iseza kuzichophela izicelo eziseleyo). Le Komishoni yaya kwiNtolongo yase-Erebuni yaza yavuma izicelo zamaNgqina amathandathu kwayi-20 avalelwe apho. La mabanjwa mathandathu akhululwa ngo-Oktobha 24, 2013. Izicelo zamaNgqina asavalelweyo afuna ukwenza imisebenzi engenanto yakwenza nomkhosi nazo ziza kuhlolwa.
Inkqubo Entsha
Ezi nguqu zintsha zabakho ngoJuni 8, 2013, xa iArmenia yaphucula umthetho wayo ophathelele imisebenzi eyenziwa ngabantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yezazela zabo, oku kwenziwe ukuze imithetho yeli lizwe ihambisane neyaseYurophu, olu tshintsho lwaqala ukusebenza ngoJulayi 25, 2013. Ngo-Oktobha 2, 2013, umongameli waseArmenia wathetha ngolu tshintsho kwiParliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe xa wathi: “Abantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yokungavunyelwa zizazela, abayi kuba natyala lokwaphula umthetho.” Ngo-Oktobha 3, 2013, iArmenia yamisela umthetho ovumela ukuba isigwebo sabantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yezazela sehliswe ngeenyanga ezintandathu. Ngenxa yoku, amaNgqina asibhozo abesele eneenyanga ezingaphantsi kwezintandathu kwizigwebo zawo akhululwa ngo-Oktobha 8 no-9, 2013.
Le nkqubo intsha yemisebenzi onokuyenza xa ungafuni ukuya emkhosini ivumela abantu ukuba bafake isandla kwilizwe labo ngendlela evumelana nezazela eziqeqeshwe yiBhayibhile. Ngoku, le misebenzi ayisekho phantsi koMkhosi waseArmenia. Iya kwenziwa iinyanga eziyi-36 yaye umntu umele asebenze iiyure eziyi-48 veki nganye aze afumane iintsuku eziyi-10 zokuphumla ngonyaka. Abo bafake izicelo zokwenza le misebenzi baya kusebenza kufuphi neendawo abahlala kuzo yaye ayiyi kulawulwa ngumkhosi.
Indlela Utshintsho Olwenzeke Ngayo
Xa iArmenia yaba lilungu leCouncil of Europe ngo-2001, yamkela umthetho wokuba abantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini benze eminye imisebenzi nokuba ibakhulule bonke abo sele bevalelwe. Nangona yayamkele lo mthetho, iArmenia yaqhubeka igweba ize ivalela abafana abangamaNgqina.
Ebudeni beminyaka eyi-20 edlulileyo, amaNgqina kaYehova angaphezu kwayi-450 aye agwetywa ixesha elide entolongweni, amaxesha amaninzi ephathwa kabuhlungu.
Abantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yezazela zabo baba nethemba xa umthetho waseArmenia weminye imisebenzi enokwenziwa ngabo bangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini waqalisa ukusebenza ngoJulayi 1, 2004. Kwabonakala sele uqalile ukusebenza lo mthetho ukuba le misebenzi yayiphantsi komkhosi yaye isisohlwayo. ICouncil of Europe yayiqhubeka ibonisa ukuba le misebenzi yayingavumelani nemilinganiselo yaseYurophu. Ngokomzekelo, kwiResolution 1532 (ka-2007), iParliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe yathi “ixhalabile kuba le misebenzi ibekelwe bucala abantu abangafuniyo ukuya emfazweni nayo iphantsi komkhosi ngoko abantu abaninzi abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini, uninzi lwabo ingamaNgqina kaYehova, baqhubeka bevalelwa kuba bekhetha ukuya entolongweni kunokwenza imisebenzi ephantsi komkhosi.”
IKomiti Yamalungelo Abantu Yezizwe Ezimanyeneyo ithe ixhalabile kuba iArmenia iqhubeka ivalela amaNgqina angafuniyo ukuya emkhosini. Kwintlanganiso yayo ye-105 (ngo-2012) le Komiti yathi:
“Urhulumente ufanele alungiselele imisebenzi enokwenziwa ngabo bangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini ibe ifanele ingalawulwa ngumkhosi, ifikeleleke ebantwini bonke yaye ingabi sisohlwayo okanye ibe nekhethe nangayiphi na indlela. Ukwafanele akhulule bonke abo babanjiweyo kuba bengafuni ukuya emkhosini okanye bengafuni ukwenza imisebenzi eyenziwa ngabo bangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini.”
Uncedo Oluvela Kwi-ECHR
UVahan Bayatyan nabanye abafana ababini abangamaNgqina ababebanjiwe, bafaka izikhalazo nxamnye neArmenia kwiNkundla yaseYurophu Yamalungelo Abantu (i-ECHR) emva kokuba bengafumenanga ncedo kwiinkundla zaseArmenia. Kwabakho utshintsho oluphawulekayo ngoJulayi 7, 2011, xa isiGqeba Esiphezulu se-ECHR sawisa isigwebo esivuyisayo kwityala likaMnu. uBayatyan. Okokuqala kwimbali yayo, i-ECHR yavuma ukuba iEuropean Convention on Human Rights iyabakhusela abo bangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yezazela zabo. Isigwebo sesiGqeba Esiphezulu esavuyisayo salandelwa zezinye ezine ze-ECHR, nazo ezaziwamela amalungelo abantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini. *
Izicelo eziye zanemiphumo emihle kwi-ECHR zabo babengafuni ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yezazela zabo: UVahan Bayatyan, uHayk Bukharatyan, noAshot Tsaturyan.
Egatya isigwebo sesiGqeba Esiphezulu kwityala likaBayatyan nxamnye neArmenia, urhulumente waseArmenia watshutshisa waza wagweba abafana abangamaNgqina abayi-29 ababengafuni ukuya emkhosini; kubo abayi-23 bavalelwa. Ukususela ngoJulayi 2011 ukuya kutsho ngo-Oktobha 2013, amadoda ayi-86 aye achitha iminyaka eyi-168 xa idityaniswe yonke kwiintolongo zaseArmenia. Abanye baba bafana baye bafaka izikhalazo kwi-ECHR kuba bebanjwe ngokungekho mthethweni.
Iingxaki Ezingekaconjululwa
Abo bangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini abasigqibileyo isigwebo sabo sentolongo kunye nabo bakhululwe ngo-Oktobha 2013 banethemba lokuba izigwebo zabo ziza kucinywa encwadini yomthetho yaseArmenia ngenxa yemithetho etshintshileyo. Akukaziwa ukuba baza kuhlawulwa na abo baye bagwetywa baza babanjwa emva kwesigwebo esivuyisayo sikaBayatyan.
Ukusebenza komthetho otshintshileyo ophathelele eminye imisebenzi enokwenziwa ngabo bangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini, kuza kubonakala ekuhambeni kwexesha. Sekunjalo, kubonakala ukuba iArmenia yenze umgudu obonakalayo wokumela amalungelo abantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yezazela zabo.
Indlela Eya Kutshintsho Kwimisebenzi Eyenziwa Ngabo Bangafuniyo Ukuya Emkhosini
Unyaka |
Oko Kwenzekayo |
|---|---|
2001 |
IArmenia yaba lilungu leCouncil of Europe, ibe kwafuneka ivumele abemi bayo abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini benze eminye imisebenzi |
2004 |
Kwamiselwa umthetho wokuba kubekho imisebenzi eyenziwa ngabantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini, kodwa ingxaki kukuba le misebenzi ilawulwa ngumkhosi nto leyo angayamkeliyo amaNgqina kaYehova |
2006 |
Kongezwa izohlwayo kumthetho kodwa yona imisebenzi eyenziwa ngabantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini yaqhubeka iphantsi komkhosi |
2011 |
Kwisigwebo setyala likaBayatyan nxamnye neArmenia, iSigqeba Esiphezulu se-ECHR safumanisa ukuba ilungelo lokuba nesazela linyhashiwe leli lizwe, ngaloo ndlela sikhusela amalungelo abantu abangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini |
2012 |
Inkundla yaseYurophu yakhupha izigwebo ezimbini nxamnye neArmenia eziphathelele imisebenzi eyenziwa ngabo bangafuniyo ukuya emkhosini: Ityala likaBukharatyan nxamnye neArmenia nelikaTsaturyan nxamnye neArmenia |
2013 |
NgoJuni 8, kwenziwa utshintsho kumthetho ibe ngoJulayi 25 kwamiselwa imigaqo eqinisekisa ukusebenza kwawo, okuthetha ukuba ingakho imisebenzi engalawulwa ngumkhosi Ngo-Oktobha 8 nange-9, iArmenia yakhulula abantu abasibhozo ababengafuni ukuya emkhosini ngenxa yezazela zabo Ngo-Oktobha 23, iRepublican Commission yavuma izicelo zamaNgqina kaYehova ayi-57 zokwenza eminye imisebenzi, kuquka abathandathu kwabo bayi-20 ababesavalelwe eArmenia Ngo-Oktobha 24, iArmenia yakhulula amaNgqina amathandathu kwiNtolongo yase-Erebuni |
^ isiqe. 12 Funda ityala likaErçep v. Turkey, no. 43965/04, 22 Novemba 2011; elikaBukharatyan v. Armenia, no. 37819/03, 10 Januwari 2012; elikaTsaturyan v. Armenia, no. 37821/03, 10 Januwari 2012; nelikaFeti Demirtaş v. Turkey, no. 5260/07, 17 Januwari 2012.
Mhlawumbi Ungayithanda Nale
EZISEMATHENI
AmaNgqina KaYehova Okuqala Ukugqiba Imisebenzi Karhulumente Engenanto Yokwenza Nomkhosi EArmenia
AmaNgqina aseArmenia anceda ilizwe lawo ngendlela ewashiya enezazela ezicocekileyo neluncedo nakwabanye abantu.
EZISEMATHENI
IArmenia Ikhulula Onke Amabanjwa AngamaNgqina KaYehova
Okwesihlandlo sokuqala eArmenia, ukususela ngo-1993 akukho noba libe linye iNgqina elibanjelwe ukungayi emkhosini ngenxa yeenkolelo zalo.