Ishina lya kwa Lesa, Yehova, Lyasangwa mwi Tempele lya ku Egypt

NI LILALI ishina lya kwa Lesa ilya kuti Yehova, nelyo Yahweh, lyasangilwe kumbi ukufumyako mu Baibolo? Bamo abasambilila sana batila ni mu ma 1300 B.C.E. Mulandu nshi balandila ifi?

Ilyo umwaka wa 1370 B.C.E. walefika, ninshi abena Egypt balicimfya ifyalo ifingi. Uwaleteka icalo ca Egypt pali ilya nshita ni Farao Amenhotep (Amenophis) III, kabili akuulile itempele lya lulumbi mu Soleb, mu Nubia, iyo nomba beta ati Sudan. Ilyo abashula ifintu fya kale bashulile apali ili tempele, basangile apalembelwe ifilembo fya ciHebere ifya Tetragrammaton, YHWH nelyo Yehova, mu filembo fya bena Egypt. Kale baleti icakokwesha ico balembapo ishina lya kwa Lesa Libwe lya bena Moabu, lelo ifi filembo fya bena Egypt fyalembelwe imyaka 500 ilyo ilibwe lya bena Moabu talilalembwa. Mulandu nshi ishina lya kwa Lesa uo Baibolo yalandapo lyalembelwe mwi tempele lya mu Egypt?

“Icalo ca BaShasu ica kwa Jahu”

Farao Amenhotep III apeele itempele akuulile kuli lesa Amun-Ra. Ili tempele lyalepele amamita 120, kabili balikuulile ku masamba ya mumana wa Nile. Pa nceshi shali mu muputule umo uwe tempele balembapo amashina ya fyalo ifyo Amenhotep atile alificimfishe. Icalo cimo na cimo cimininwako no mufungwa uo bakakila amaboko ku numa nakwata ne nkwela iyo balembapo icalo afumako. Ifyalo ifingi ifya bantu baleita ukuti abaShasu, nelyo abaShosou, fyalilembwa pali ishi nceshi. Bushe abaShasu bali ni bani?

Ishina lya kuti abaShasu, lishina abena Egypt bainike imitundu ya baArab iyo basuulile nga nshi iyaleikala mu fyalo fyali ku kabanga ka Egypt. Ifyalo fya baShasu fyabelele ku kapinda ka ku kulyo aka Palestine, ku kapinda ka ku kulyo aka calo ca Transjordan, ne fyalo fyali mupepi no lupili lwa Sinai. Abafwailisha bamo batila ifyalo umwaleikala abaShasu fyasanshishemo ne fyalo fyali ku kapinda ka ku kuso pamo nga icalo ca Lebanon ne ca Siria. Pa fyalo  Farao acimfishe ifyalembwa mwi tempele lya mu Soleb paliba ne calo bashimbula ukuti “Yahwe mu calo ca baShosou,” “Icalo ca baShasu ica kwa Jahu,” nelyo “Icalo ca baShasu-yhw.” Uwasambilila pa fyalecitika kale mu Egypt Jean Leclant atile ifilembo fyaba pa nkwela imo iyo balenga mwi tempele lya mu Soleb “filembo fya ‘tetragram,’ YHWH, ifye shina lya kwa lesa uo Baibolo yalandapo.”

Abasoma abengi batila ishina lya kuti Jahu, Yahu, nelyo Yahwe ilyo balemba pa nkwela nelyo pa fintu fimbi lifwile lilosha ku ncende nelyo icitungu. Uwasoma umo, Shmuel Ahituv, atile ifilembo filanda pa “calo umwaleikala abantu bale-endauka abalepepa Yāhū, Lesa wa bena Israele.” * Nga ca kuti ifyo alandile fya cine, ninshi ili shina lya calo lyaba pa fya kumwenako ifingi ifya bena kale abalelumbula icalo ukubomfya ishina lya kwa lesa uo abantu bekalamo bapepa. Ica kumwenako cimbi lishina lya kuti Assur, ilimininako icalo ca Asiria na lesa uo abena Asiria balepepa sana.

Ilyo uwasoma ifya mu Baibolo kabili uushula ifya kale, Roland de Vaux, alandile pa filembo fyaba mwi tempele lya mu Nubia atile: “Ilyo calefika mu 1500 B.C.E., ninshi mu ncende iyo ifikolwe fya bena Israele fyaendawikemo sana mwalisangwa ishina lya ncende nelyo ishina lya muntu ilyapalene sana, nelyo ilyali fye cimo cine ne shina lya kwa Lesa wa bena Israele.”

Ishina Ilyacindikwa na Pali ino Nshita

Mu calo ca Nubia, te mu Soleb fye umo basanga ishina lya kuti Yahwe mu filembo fya bena Egypt. Filya fine balemba mwi tempele lya ku Soleb fyalisangwa na mu matempele ya kwa Ramsses II ayaba ku Amarah West e lyo na ku Aksha. Mwi tempele lya ku Amarah, ifilembo fya kuti “Yahwe mu calo ca baShosou” fyalipalana ne filembo ifilanda pa fyalo fimbi ifya baShosou, ifyo batila ni Seiri na Labani. Baibolo ilanga ukuti ifi fyalo fyaba ku kapinda ka ku kulyo aka Palestine, mu Edomu e lyo na mu Sinai. (Ukutendeka 36:8; Amalango 1:1) Ifi, fyalo ifyo abantu abalepepa Yehova baleikalamo ilyo abena Israele bashilaya mu Egypt na lintu bafuminemo.—Ukutendeka 36:17, 18; Impendwa 13:26.

Ukupusanako na mashina ya tulesa tumbi ayasangwa pa fipapaatu fya kale sana, ishina lya kwa Lesa uo Baibolo yalandapo, ilya kuti Yehova, lyena licili lilabomfiwa sana kabili abantu balilicindika. Ku ca kumwenako, mu fyalo ukucila pali 230, Inte sha kwa Yehova ukucila pali 7,000,000 bali-ipeelesha ukusambilisha abantu ukwishiba ili shina no kubafwa ukupalama kuli Lesa uwakwata ili shina lyaibela ilya kuti Yehova.—Amalumbo 83:18; Yakobo 4:8.

[Futunoti]

[Amashiwi pe bula 21]

Mulandu nshi ishina lya kuti Yehova, Lesa uo Baibolo yalandapo, lyalembelwa mwi tempele lya basenshi abena Egypt?

[Mapu pe bula 21]

(Nga mulefwaya ukumona mapu, moneni muli magazini)

EGYPT

Itempele lyali mu Soleb

SUDAN

Umumana wa Nile

[Ifikope pe bula 21]

Uluceshi lwa mwi tempele

[Icikope pe bula 22]

Ifitantala fye tempele lya kwa Amun-Ra mu Soleb, ku Sudan

[Abatusuminishe]

Ed Scott/Pixtal/age fotostock

[Abatusuminishe Ukubomfya Icikope pe bula 21]

Background: Asian and Middle Eastern Division/The New York Public Library/Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations