Bushe Kuti Mwa-asuka Ifi Fipusho?
Bushe Kuti Mwa-asuka Ifi Fipusho?
Bushe kale baletuma shani amakalata?
▪ Mu buteko bwa bena Persia, kwali umusango umo uo balebomfya pa kutuma amakalata ya buteko. Mwi buuku lya mu Baibolo ilya kwa Estere, balilondolola ifyo abena Persia balecita pa kutuma amakalata: “[Mordekai] alembele ifyalembwa mwi shina lya Mfumu Ahasuerusi no kufwatikapo icifwati ca nindaminwe ya mfumu no kufituma mu minwe ya nkombe sha pali bakabalwe, bakabalwe abasenda amakalata kabili ababomfiwa mu mulimo wa ku bufumu, abafyelwe kuli bakabalwe ababutukisha.” (Estere 8:10) Ifi fine e fyo no buteko bwa bena Roma bwalecita pa kutuma amakalata ya buteko na ya bashilika.
Amakalata ayo abantu fye balelemba, ayashali ya buteko, pamo nga yalya yalelemba umutumwa Paulo nelyo abantu bambi, tabaleyatuma ukubomfya inkombe sha pali bakabalwe. Abakankaala bena, baletuma abasha ukutwala amakalata. Lelo abengi balelaisha abo baishibene fye nabo, nangu fye abapita nshila, abaleya ukuleya amakalata. Balelaisha na balupwa, ifibusa, abashilika, nelyo aba makwebo. Ico balebikako sana amano kwishiba nampo nga ca kuti uulesenda kalata, muntu uwacetekelwa kabili uwingafisha amashiwi ukwabula ukwalulamo fimo. Baibolo ilangilila ukuti amakalata yamo ayo Paulo aletuma alelaisha Abena Kristu banankwe aba kuti bali pa lwendo.—Abena Efese 6:21, 22; Abena Kolose 4:7.
Bushe abena Israele balecita shani pa kushita na pa kushitisha?
▪ Pa kusanga indalama, ilingi abena Israele balelima, ukuteka inama, no kucita amakaabu. Baibolo yalilandapo pa mamaliketi ayalebela pa mpongolo sha musumba, pamo nga, “Impongolo ya Mpaanga,” “Impongolo ye Sabi,” ne “Mpongolo ya Fi-inga.” (Nehemia 3:1, 3; Yeremia 19:2) Cimoneka kwati aya mashina yalelosha ku fyo baleshitisha kuli isho ncende. Na kabili Baibolo yalilandapo pa “musebo wa bapanga umukate,” uwali mu Yerusalemu e lyo na pa fintu ifingi ifyo baleshitisha.—Yeremia 37:21.
Inga imitengo ya fintu yena yaleba shani? Uwasoma Baibolo umo atile: “Mu kupita kwa myaka, imitengo yaleya ilealuka, kabili calyafya ukwishiba bwino ifyo imitengo yali pa nshita imo mu ncende shalekanalekana.” Na lyo line, ifyalembwa fya kale, ukubikako na Baibolo, filangilila ukuti na kale, imitengo ya fintu yalealuka-aluka ukulingana na maka ya ndalama. Ku ca kumwenako, kale caliseekele ukushita no kushitisha abasha. Yosefe bamushitishe mu sha silfere 20 kabili shifwile shali sha mashekele, umutengo uo napamo baleshitishishapo abasha mu ma 1700 B.C.E. (Ukutendeka 37:28) Ilyo papitile imyaka 300, umutengo wa basha wali amashekele 30. (Ukufuma 21:32) Ilyo calefika mu ma 700 B.C.E., umutengo wa basha wali amashekele 50. (2 Ishamfumu 15:20) Lintu papitile imyaka 200, ilyo abena Persia baleteka, umutengo wa basha wafikile amashekele 90 no kucilapo. Kanshi ukunina kwa mitengo ni kale kwatendeke.
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Umwina Persia uwalesenda amakalata
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Icikope ca pa maliketi ya fisabo, mu nshita ya batumwA
[Abatusuminishe]
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