!Hop Blong Laef Bakegen Long Ded i Sua Fulwan!

“Mi putum tingting blong mi long God . . . [we] bambae i mekem olgeta man we oli ded oli laef bakegen.”—OL WOK 24:15.

1. ?From wanem yumi save hop se ol dedman bambae oli laef bakegen?

 JEOVA i givim ol gudfala risen long yumi blong hop se ol dedman bambae oli laef bakegen long ded. Yumi gat promes blong hem se ol dedman bambae oli girap, oli laef bakegen. Mo yumi sua se stamba tingting blong hem long saed blong olgeta we oli stap slip long ded bambae i mas kamtru. (Aesea 55:11; Luk 18:27) Antap moa, God i soemaot finis paoa blong hem blong mekem ol dedman oli laef bakegen.

2. ?Olsem wanem hop blong laef bakegen i givhan long yumi?

² Bilif long rod we bambae God i yusum tru long Pikinini blong hem, Jisas Kraes, blong mekem ol dedman oli laef bakegen, i save givhan long yumi long taem blong trabol. Mo tu, sua hop ya blong laef bakegen i save halpem yumi blong holemstrong long Papa blong yumi long heven gogo kasem ded. Yumi sua se, hop blong yumi bambae i strong moa taem yumi tingbaot ol stori long Baebol blong ol man we oli laef bakegen. Olgeta merikel ya oli kamaot from paoa blong Haefala Masta Jeova.

God i Mekem Ol Pikinini Blong Olgeta Oli Laef Bakegen Long Ded

3. ?Elaeja i kasem paoa blong mekem wanem taem pikinini boe blong wido woman blong Jarefat i ded?

³ Aposol Pol i tokbaot strong bilif we ol witnes blong Jeova bifo long taem blong Kraes oli soemaot.  Hem i se: “I gat sam woman we oli bilif strong long God, taswe hem i mekem ol pikinini blong olgeta oli laef bakegen long ded.” (Hibrus 11:35; 12:1) Wan long ol woman ya i wan pua wido long taon ya Jarefat, long Fonisia. From we woman ya i soem kaen fasin long Elaeja, we hem i profet blong God, mo i tekem hem i kam long haos blong hem, Jeova i wokem wan merikel blong mekem se flaoa mo oel blong hem i no save finis. Hemia long wan taem we woman ya mo pikinini boe blong hem, tufala i save ded from we kakae i sot. Biaen, taem pikinini blong hem i ded, Elaeja i putum hem long wan bed, i prea, i ledaon antap long boe ya tri taem, mo i askem strong long God se: “Hae God, yu yu God blong mi. Plis yu mekem pikinini ya i laef bakegen.” God i mekem se sol, no paoa blong laef, i kambak long bodi blong boe ya bakegen. (1 King 17:8-24) !Tingbaot bigfala glad mo blesing we wido woman ya i kasem from we hem i gat bilif. Hem i luk faswan man i laef bakegen, we Baebol i tokbaot—stret pikinini blong hem we hem i laekem tumas!

4. ?Elisa i mekem wanem merikel long taon blong Sunem?

⁴ Wan narafala woman we God i mekem pikinini blong hem i laef bakegen, i stap long taon blong Sunem. Woman ya, we i mared long wan olfala man, hem i soem kaen fasin long Elisa mo man blong wok blong hem. Hem i kasem blesing from kaen fasin blong hem mo i bonem wan pikinini boe. Be, sam yia biaen, hem i singaot profet Elisa blong kam long haos blong hem, mo profet ya i faenem se boe ya i ded. Afta we Elisa i prea mo i mekem sam samting, “bodi blong pikinini i stat blong kam wom.” Hem “i snis seven taem, mo i openem ae blong hem bakegen.” Yumi sua se, merikel ya i karem bigfala glad i kam long mama, mo long pikinini ya tu. (2 King 4:8-37; 8:1-6)!Be bambae tufala i glad moa taem tufala i laef bakegen long wol “long wan laef we i gud moa”! Long taem ya bambae tufala i kasem jans blong neva ded bakegen.!Hemia wan nambawan risen blong talem tangkiu long Jeova, God ya we i gat lav mo we i mekem ol dedman oli laef bakegen!—Hibrus 11:35.

5. ?Olsem wanem God i givim paoa long Elisa blong wokem merikel, nating se hem i ded finis?

⁵ Afta we Elisa i ded mo oli berem hem, God i yusum tabu spirit blong hem blong givim paoa long ol bun blong Elisa. Yumi ridim se: “Wan taem, [sam man Isrel] oli karem wan dedman blong go berem hem long hol long ston, nao oli luk wan kampani blong ol man Moab ya i stap kam, nao oli sakem hem i go insaed long hol ya blong ston we oli bin putum bodi blong Profet Elisa long hem bifo, mo oli ronwe. Mo taem bodi blong dedman ya i kasem ol bun blong profet ya, wantaem nomo dedman ya i laef bakegen, i girap, i stanap.” (2 King 13:20, 21) !Ating man ya i sapraes mo i hapi tumas! !Tingbaot bigfala glad we bambae yumi kasem taem yumi luk ol man we yumi laekem tumas, oli laef bakegen folem stamba tingting blong Jeova God we i no save mestem!

Pikinini Blong God i Mekem Dedman i Laef Bakegen

6. ?Jisas i wokem wanem merikel long taon blong Naen, mo olsem wanem merikel ya i save gat paoa long laef blong yumi?

⁶ Pikinini blong God, Jisas Kraes, i givim gudfala risen long yumi blong bilif se ol dedman oli save laef bakegen, mo oli gat jans blong kasem laef we i no save finis. Wan stori we i hapen klosap long taon blong Naen i save halpem yumi blong luksave se wan merikel olsem i save kamaot nomo tru long paoa we God i givim. Wan taem, Jisas i mitim ol man we oli stap karem dedbodi blong wan yangfala man i goaot long taon ya blong berem hem. Hem i pikinini blong wan wido woman, wan pikinini nomo we hem i gat. Jisas i talem long wido woman ya: “Yu no krae.” Biaen hem i holem bed we ol man oli karem dedman ya long hem, mo i talem se: “!Yang man! !Mi talem long yu, yu girap!” Wantaem nomo, dedman ya i girap, i sidaon mo i stat toktok. (Luk 7:11-15) Merikel ya i mekem bilif blong yumi i strong moa se hop blong laef bakegen i sua.

7. ?Wanem i hapen long pikinini gel blong Jaeras?

⁷ Mo tu, tingbaot stori blong Jaeras, lida blong skul blong ol man Isrel long Kapaneam. Hem i askem Jisas blong kam givhan long gel blong hem we i gat 12 yia, from we hem i sik tumas, klosap hem i ded. I no longtaem biaen, ol man oli kamtru mo oli talem se gel ya i ded finis. Jaeras i harem nogud tumas, be Jisas i leftemap tingting blong hem blong hem i bilif. Nao Jisas i biaen long hem i go long haos blong hem, we plante man oli stap krae bigwan. Ol man ya oli laf long Jisas, taem hem i talem long olgeta se: “Gel ya i no ded ya. Hem i stap slip nomo.” Gel ya i rili ded, be Jisas i wantem soemaot long olgeta se ol dedman oli save laef bakegen olsem we ol man oli save wekap long wan slip we i dip. Hem i holem han blong gel ya, i talem long hem se: “Smol gel. Yu stanap.” Wantaem nomo hem i girap, mo “papa mo mama blong gel ya, tufala i sapraes tumas” wetem bigfala glad. (Mak 5:35-43; Luk 8:49-56) Yumi sua se, ol memba blong famle bambae oli “sapraes tumas” taem oli luk olgeta we oli laekem tumas we oli ded, oli laef bakegen long wan wol we i paradaes.

8. ?Jisas i mekem wanem long ples we oli berem Lasaros long hem?

 ⁸ Lasaros i ded fo dei finis taem Jisas i kamtru long ples we oli berem hem mo i askem ol man blong tekemaot ston we i blokem hol blong ples ya. Afta we hem i prea long fored blong ol man blong oli luksave se hem i trastem God blong givim paoa long hem, hem i singaot bigwan se: “!Lasaros! !Yu kamaot!” !Mo hem i kamaot! Kaliko we oli fasem long han mo leg blong hem oli stap yet, mo wan kaliko i kavremap fes blong hem. Jisas i talem se: “Yufala i tekemaot ol kaliko ya, blong hem i save wokbaot.” Afta we oli luk merikel ya, plante long ol man we oli kam blong leftemap tingting blong tufala sista blong Lasaros, Meri mo Mata, oli bilif long Jisas. (Jon 11:1-45) ?Stori ya i givim hop long yu se ol famle mo fren blong yu we yu laekem tumas oli save laef bakegen long niufala wol blong God?

9. ?From wanem yumi sua se naoia Jisas i naf blong mekem ol dedman oli laef bakegen?

⁹ Taem Jon Baptaes i stap kalabus, Jisas i sanem wan mesej long hem blong leftemap tingting blong hem se: “Ol blaen man, naoia oli save lukluk, . . . [mo] ol dedman, naoia oli laef bakegen.” (Matiu 11:4-6) Taem Jisas i stap long wol hem i mekem ol dedman oli laef bakegen, from samting ya yumi sua se bambae hem i save mekem samting ya bakegen taem hem i stap olsem strongfala spirit man we God i givim paoa long hem. Jisas nao ‘i stamba blong laef bakegen long ded,’ mo yumi haremgud blong save se i no longtaem long fiuja, ‘ol dedman bambae oli harem voes blong hem, nao bambae oli aot long beregraon blong olgeta.’—Jon 5:28, 29; 11:25.

Sam Narafala We Oli Laef Bakegen i Mekem Hop Blong Yumi i Strong

10. ?Yu save eksplenem faswan stori long Baebol, we wan aposol i mekem man i laef bakegen long ded?

¹⁰ Taem Jisas i sanem ol aposol blong hem blong talemaot Kingdom, hem i talem se: “Yufala i mas mekem ol dedman oli laef bakegen.” (Matiu 10:5-8) Blong mekem samting ya, oli mas dipen long paoa blong God. Long Jopa, long 36 K.T., * wan woman we i fraetgud long God, nem blong hem Dokas (Tabita), hem i ded. Sam long ol gudfala wok we woman ya i bin mekem, hemia blong somap klos blong ol wido woman we oli pua. From samting ya plante long olgeta oli krae bigwan taem hem i ded. Ol disaepol oli mekemrere dedbodi blong hem blong oli berem hem, mo oli singaot Pita i kam, maet blong leftemap tingting blong olgeta. (Ol Wok 9:32-38) Pita i talem long olgeta blong oli go afsaed, nao hem i prea, mo i talem se: “Tabita, yu girap.” Woman ya i openem ae blong hem, hem i sidaon, nao Pita i givhan long hem blong hem i stanap. Hemia faswan long ol stori ya we Baebol i tokbaot, we wan aposol i mekem dedman i laef bakegen, mo stori ya i pulum plante man blong oli bilif. (Ol Wok 9:39-42) Mo tu, stori ya i givim moa risen blong bilif long hop ya se man i save laef bakegen.

11. ?Wanem laswan taem we Baebol i tokbaot dedman we i laef bakegen?

¹¹ Laswan long ol stori blong Baebol long saed blong man we i laef bakegen, hem i hapen long Troas. Taem Pol i mekem namba tri misinari trep blong hem, hem i visitim taon ya, mo hem i givim wan tok long ol man go kasem medel naet. Nao wan yangfala man, we nem blong hem Yutikas, i slip, maet hem i taed tumas no ples i hot from we oli laetem plante laet long ples ya mo ol man tu oli plante.  Yutikas, we i stap sidaon long wan windo, i foldaon long namba tri stori antap i go kasem graon. Taem oli godaon blong luk hem, hem i no jes hafded, be “i ded finis.” Pol i nildaon long saed blong Yutikas, i putum han blong hem i goraon long hem, mo i talem long ol man we oli stap lukluk se: “Yufala i no harem nogud, sol blong hem i stap long hem.” Pol i minim se yangfala man ya i laef bakegen long ded. Olgeta we oli stap long taem ya “oli stap harem gud tumas.” (Ol Wok 20:7-12, NW) Tede, ol man blong God oli harem gud tumas blong save se promes blong God long saed blong laef bakegen bambae i kamtru long ol fren blong olgeta, we bifo oli bin wok wetem olgeta long wok blong God.

Laef Bakegen —Wan Hop We i Stap Longtaem Finis

12. ?Wanem strongfala tingting we Pol i talemaot taem hem i stap long fored blong Feliks, hed gavman blong Rom?

¹² Taem Pol i kasem jajmen long fored blong Feliks, we i hed gavman blong Rom, Pol i talemaot se: “Mi bilif tu long olgeta tok we oli raetem long buk blong Loa blong Moses, mo long ol buk blong ol profet . . . we God bambae i mekem olgeta man we oli ded oli laef bakegen, ol man we oli stret, wetem ol man we oli no stret.” (Ol Wok 24:14, 15) Be,?olsem wanem sam haf long Tok blong God, olsem “Loa blong Moses,” oli soemaot se ol dedman bambae oli laef bakegen?

13. ?From wanem yumi save talem se God i stap tokbaot laef bakegen, taem hem i talemaot faswan profet tok?

¹³ Long faswan profet tok we God hem wan i givim long Iden, hem i tokbaot laef bakegen. Taem God i jajem “snek ya blong bifo,” Devel Setan, God i talem se: “Bambae mi mi mekem we yu mo woman ya, yutufala i enemi blong yutufala, mo laen blong yu mo laen blong hem, tufala i enemi blong tufala. Hem bambae i smasem hed blong yu, mo yu bambae yu smasem bak blong leg blong hem.” (Revelesen 12:9; Jenesis 3:14, 15, NW) Blong smasem bak blong leg blong laen blong woman, i minim se bambae oli kilim Jisas Kraes i ded. Sipos biaen, Laen ya i mas smasem hed blong snek ya, i klia se Kraes i mas laef bakegen long ded.

14. ?Wanem mining blong tok ya se “God ya i God blong man we i laef, hem i no God blong man we i ded”?

¹⁴ Jisas i talemaot se: “Buk blong Moses tu i soemaot we ol dedman bambae oli save laef bakegen, long stori ya blong wan smol tri we faea i stap laet olbaot long hem. Long taem ya, Moses i singaot Hae God, i talem nem blong hem se, ‘Yu yu God blong Ebraham, mo yu God blong Aesak, mo yu God blong Jekob.’ God ya i God blong man we i laef, hem i no God blong man we i ded. Mo hem i stap luk olgeta man se oli no ded, oli stap laef.” (Luk 20:27, 37, 38; Eksodas 3:6) Ebraham, Aesak, mo Jekob oli ded, be stamba tingting blong God blong mekem olgeta oli laef bakegen i sua, mekem se long ae blong Jeova i olsem we oli laef i stap.

15. ?From wanem Ebraham i gat gudfala risen blong bilif long laef bakegen?

¹⁵ Ebraham i gat risen blong hop long laef bakegen. Taem hem mo waef blong hem Sera, tufala i olfala mo paoa blong tufala blong mekem pikinini i finis, olsem we i ded, God i wokem wan merikel blong givim paoa ya long tufala bakegen. Hemia i olsem laef bakegen. (Jenesis 18:9-11; 21:1-3; Hibrus 11:11, 12) Taem pikinini blong tufala, Aesak, i gat 25 yia, God i talem long Ebraham blong kilim pikinini ya i ded olsem wan sakrefaes. Be, taem Ebraham i rere blong kilim hem i ded long naef, enjel blong Jeova i blokem hem. Ebraham “i stap tingbaot we God i save mekem [Aesak] i laef bakegen long ded. Mo hem i kasem pikinini ya blong hem bakegen, klosap olsem we hem i laef bakegen long ded.”—Hibrus 11:17-19; Jenesis 22:1-18.

16. Naoia Ebraham i slip long ded, be ?hem i stap wet long wanem?

¹⁶ Ebraham i gat hop se aninit long rul blong Mesaea, we hem i Laen ya we God i promes long hem, bambae ol dedman oli laef bakegen. Taem Jisas i stap long heven, bifo we hem i kam long wol, hem i luksave finis bilif blong Ebraham. Taswe, taem Jisas Kraes i stap olsem wan man long wol ya, hem i talem long ol man Jiu se: “Taem bubu ya blong yufala Ebraham, i harem nius se bambae hem i save luk taem blong mi, hem i harem gud tumas.” (Jon 8:56-58; Ol Proveb 8:30, 31) Naoia Ebraham i stap slip long ded, mo i wet blong bambae hem i laef bakegen long wol aninit long Kingdom blong God mo Mesaea ya.—Hibrus 11:8-10, 13.

Ol Pruf Long Loa Mo Ol Sam

17. ?Olsem wanem “olgeta tok we oli raetem long buk blong Loa blong Moses” oli soem se Jisas bambae i laef bakegen?

¹⁷ Hop blong Pol blong laef bakegen i laenap wetem “olgeta tok we oli raetem long buk blong Loa blong Moses.” God i talem long ol man Isrel se: “Yufala i mas tekem ol fas kakae blong garen blong yufala i kam, mo [long Naesan 16] . . . pris ya i mas tekem [kakae ya], i leftemap long fes blong mi blong makemaot se i wan spesel presen we yufala i givim i kam long mi, blong mi mi save glad long yufala.” (Levitikas 23:9-14) Ating Pol i stap tingbaot loa ya,  taem hem i raetem se: “God i mekem [Kraes] i laef bakegen finis. Long olgeta we oli ded finis, hem i faswan we i laef bakegen. Hem i olsem fas kakae ya we i rere long garen.” Taem Jisas i laef bakegen long Naesan 16, 33 K.T., hem i olsem “fas kakae ya.” Biaen, long taem we hem i kam king, ol ‘frut we oli kam biaen’ bambae oli laef bakegen—hemia ol man blong hem we tabu spirit i makemaot olgeta.—1 Korin 15:20-23; 2 Korin 1:21; 1 Jon 2:20, 27.

18. ?Olsem wanem Pita i soemaot se Ol Sam i tokbaot laef bakegen blong Jisas?

¹⁸ Buk blong Ol Sam tu i sapotem hop blong laef bakegen. Long dei blong Pentekos 33 K.T., aposol Pita i talem bakegen toktok blong Ol Sam 16:8-11, i se: “Hemia i olsem tok we Deved i talem bifo we i tokbaot [Kraes], i talem se, ‘Oltaem mi mi luk we Hae God i stap wetem mi, i stap klosap long mi, nao i no gat wan samting we bambae i save mekem mi mi seksek. Nao from samting ya, mi mi glad tumas, mo mi talem tangkiu long yu. Mi mi man, be tingting blong mi i stap strong long yu, from we yu no save livim mi mi stap [“long hades,” NW]. Mo yu no save letem bodi blong mi i roten blong i sting.’” Pita i gohed i talem se: “King Deved i luksave samting ya we God bambae i mekem i kamtru long fiuja, nao hem i tok. Taem hem i talem se, ‘God i no livim hem i stap [“long hades,” NW], bodi blong hem i no roten blong i sting,’ hem i stap tokbaot Mesaea ya we i laef bakegen.”—Ol Wok 2:25-32.

19, 20. ?Wetaem Pita i talem bakegen tok blong Ol Sam 118:22, mo olsem wanem samting ya i laenap wetem ded mo laef bakegen blong Jisas?

¹⁹ Sam dei biaen, Pita i stanap long fored blong Kaonsel blong ol man Jiu, Sanhedrin, mo hem i talem bakegen ol tok blong Ol Sam. Taem oli askem hem olsem wanem hem i mekem wan man we leg blong hem i nogud i kamgud bakegen, aposol ya i ansa se: “Yufala evriwan i mas save samting ya. Mo olgeta laen blong Isrel tu oli mas save. Man ya i stap stanap long fes blong yufala, we leg blong hem i gud finis, long paoa blong nem blong Jisas Kraes, man Nasaret. Hemia Jisas ya we yufala i nilim hem . . . , nao hem i ded, be God i mekem hem i laef bakegen. Jisas ya, hem i man ya we Baebol i tokbaot, i talem se, ‘Pos ya we yufala man blong wokem haos, yufala i sakem finis, naoia hem i kam nambawan pos blong haos.’ Mo i no gat wan narafala man nating we i save sevem yumi, from we olbaot long wol ya, God i no givim nem blong wan narafala man nating long yumi, we hem i stap yusum blong sevem yumi.”—Ol Wok 4:10-12.

²⁰ Toktok we Pita i talem long ples ya, i kamaot long Ol Sam 118:22, mo hem i soemaot se Sam ya i tokbaot Jisas, we bambae i ded mo i laef bakegen. Ol lida blong skul oli pulum ol man Jiu blong sakemaot Jisas. (Jon 19:14-18; Ol Wok 3:14, 15) From we ol ‘man blong wokem haos’ oli sakemaot ‘pos ya,’ Kraes i ded. Be pos ya i kam ‘nambawan pos blong haos,’ we i minim se hem i laef bakegen long heven olsem wan spirit man we i gat bigfala paoa. Olsem man blong raetem Sam i talemaot se, ‘samting ya Hae God i mekem.’ (Ol Sam 118:23) Blong ‘pos ya’ i kam Nambawan pos blong haos, God i mas leftemap Kraes olsem King ya we hem i jusumaot.—Efesas 1:19, 20.

Hop Blong Laef Bakegen i Givim Paoa

21, 22. ?Job i tokbaot wanem hop long Job 14:13-15, mo olsem wanem samting ya i save givhan long olgeta we oli harem nogud from wan famle no fren we i ded?

²¹ Nating se yumi wanwan i neva luk wan man we i ded i laef bakegen, yumi ridim finis sam stori long Baebol we oli mekem yumi bilif se ol dedman bambae oli save laef bakegen. Taswe, yumi save gat semfala hop we stret man ya Job i bin tokbaot. Taem hem i harem nogud, hem i askem strong se: “Plis [Jeova] yu haedem mi long Seol, . . . plis yu makem dei we bambae yu yu save tingbaot mi bakegen. ?Sipos wan man we i strong gud i ded, hem i save laef bakegen? . . . Yu bambae yu singaot long mi, nao mi bambae mi ansa long yu. Bambae yu yu wantem tumas we wok blong ol han blong yu i kambak.” (Job 14:13-15, NW) God ‘bambae i wantem tumas we wok blong ol han blong hem i kambak.’ Yes bambae hem i wantem  tumas blong mekem Job i laef bakegen. !Samting ya i givim nambawan hop long yumi tu!

²² Olsem Job, maet wan famle we i fraetgud long God i kasem wan bigfala sik, mo maet hem i ded from sik ya. Ating ol famle mo fren blong hem oli krae from hem, olsem we Jisas i krae taem Lasaros i ded. (Jon 11:35) !Be yumi haremgud tumas blong save se God bambae i singaot olgeta ya we oli stap long tingting blong hem bambae oli ansa! I olsem we oli kambak long wan longfala trep—be oli no moa sik, oli no moa handikap, oli gat gudfala helt.

23. Wanem tok we sam Kristin oli talemaot blong soemaot bilif blong olgeta long laef bakegen.

²³ Taem wan olfala Kristin we i strong long bilif, i ded, samting ya i pulum ol narafala man blong bilif blong oli raetem se: “Mifala i wantem talem we mifala i sore tumas blong harem se mama blong yu i ded. Bambae i no longtaem hem i laef bakegen mo yumi welkamem hem—!bambae hem i luk naes tumas mo i gat gudfala helt!” Wan papa mo mama we tufala i lusum pikinini boe blong tufala, tufala i talem se: “!Mifala i stap wet long taem ya we Jason bambae i wekap! Bambae hem i lukluk raon mo bambae hem i luk se paradaes ya, we hem i wantem tumas blong luk, i stap . . . Samting ya i pusum mifala we i laekem hem tumas blong traehad blong bambae mifala tu i stap long paradaes ya.” !Yes, yumi gat bigfala fasin tangkiu from we hop blong laef bakegen i sua!

[Futnot]

?Wanem Ansa Blong Yu?

• ?Olsem wanem bilif long rod we God i yusum blong mekem ol dedman oli laef bakegen i save givhan long yumi?

• ?Wanem ol stori long Baebol we oli givim risen long yumi blong hop se ol dedman bambae oli laef bakegen?

• ?From wanem yumi save talem se ol man oli stap hop longtaem finis long laef bakegen?

• ?Wanem hop long saed blong ol dedman, i givim paoa long yumi?

[Kwestin]

[Tok blong pija long pej 10]

Tru long paoa blong Jeova, Elaeja i givim laef bakegen long pikinini boe blong wan wido woman

[Tok blong pija long pej 12]

Taem Jisas i mekem gel blong Jaeras i laef bakegen, papa mama blong hem, tufala i sapraes tumas wetem bigfala glad

[Tok blong pija long pej 15]

Long dei blong Pentekos 33 K.T., aposol Pita i talemaot klia se Jisas i laef bakegen long ded