Kulita ni Mbimbiliya liji “alma” linakatuka mu limi lia A-Hepreu néfesh, lize linalumbunuka “chitangiwa cha mwono”. Mu limi lia Ngregu liji psykhé, linalumbunuka “mukwa mwono.” a Chekwamba ngwo, alma hi chimwe chuma ko mu mujimba chize kuchishi kufwa, ka, alioze, alma yili we mujimba wene. Tala chize Mbimbiliya yakusolola ngwo alma ya mutu yili we mujimba wene:

•   Mbimbiliya jimwe jakwamba ngwo muze Yehova atangile lunga mutangu, Alama, “mutu yapwa alma ya mwono.” (Uputukilo 2:7, Almeida, revista e atualizada) Alama kakapwile ni alma ya mwono, alioze iye mwene kapwile ye alma ya mwono, hanji ngwetu mutu.

Shina alma kuyishi kufwa?

 Ka, alma yakufwa. Yisoneko yinji ya mu Mbimbiliya yakusolola ngwo alma yakufwa. Tala yimwe yilweza:

•   “Alma yize muyivulumuna kumuyikafwa.”—Ezekiele 18:4, 20. King James Version.

•   Ku Izalele ya ku shakulu, shimbi yapwile ni kwamba ngwo, nyi mutu malinga shili yinene alma yenyi te katamba ‘kuyiteta.’ (Kutuhuka 12:15, 19; Ulevi 7:20, 21, 27; 19:8, King James Version.) Chino chinalumbunuka ngwo, mutu wacho te katamba ‘kumushiha.’—Kutuhuka 31:14, King James Version.

•   Versu jimwe ja mu Mbimbiliya jakuzachisa maliji “alma ya ufwe” hanga jihanjike hali umwe mufu. (Ulevi 21:11; Kwalula 6:6) Chipwe ngwe Mbimbiliya jinji jakuzachisa liji “mufu”, nihindu mu limi lia A-Hepreu lize asonekene Mbimbiliya kakuzachisa liji néfesh hanji “alma” ha versu jino.

“Alma” muyihasa kulumbunuka “mwono”

 Mbimbiliya yakuzachisa liji “alma” muze yinahanjika ha mwono. Chakutalilaho, mukanda wa Yombi 33:22, wakuzachisa liji lia A-Hepreu “alma” (néfesh) ha chihela cha “mwono.” Chizechene nawa, Mbimbiliya yakusolola ngwo, mwono hanji alma muyihasa kupwa mu ponde.—Kutuhuka 4:19; Akwa Kuyula 9:17; A-Fwilipu 2:30.

 Nyi twanyingika ulumbunwiso wa maliji nephesh ni psy·khe, chino muchitukwasa kuwana ulumbunwiso wa versu jakwamba ngwo mwono wa mutu “himuusutuka.” (Uputukilo 35:18; Almeida, revista e atualizada) Maliji wano kanasolola ngwo mwono wa mutu unahu. Mbimbiliya jimwe jakulumbununa liji liacho ha Uputukilo 35:18 ngwo, “iye yahwima mwiku wenyi wakasula.”—Bíblia na Linguagem de Hoje; Missionários Capuchinhos.

Kuze kwakatukile malongeso akwamba ngwo alma kuyishi kufwa

 Mayingeleja waze akufuliela ngwo alma kuyishi kufwa, keshi kuchiza malongeso jacho mu Mbimbiliya, alioze kakukatuka ku filosofia ya ku shakulu ya A-Ngrego. Mukanda wa Enciclopédia Barsa wakwamba ngwo: “Versu ja mu Mbimbiliya jize jakuhanjika ha liji mwono, ne’phesh mu (Hepreu) hanji psy·khe′ mu (Ngrego) jakusolola ngwo mwono uli mwiku uze twakuhwima. Kujishi kusolola ngwo, hatwama yihanda yaali, mwono ni mujimba, ka. Mu Mbimbiliya liji alma kulialumbunukine chihanda chimwe mu mujimba wa mutu, alioze linalumbunuka we mujimba wa mutu mwene.”

 Zambi keshi kuzanga kuchinga malongeso jenyi ni malongeso ja atu. Ngwe chakutalilaho, longeso liakwamba ngwo alma kuyishi kufwa. Alioze Mbimbiliya yakututoweza ngwo: “Kanyamenu kuchina umwe manuhupa ni mana jenyi a kwonga ni kulembejeka chamokomoko, nikulita ni ndongo ja atu, nikulita ni shimbi ja hano hashi.”—A-Kolosu 2:8.