生命倫理和法律
尊重病人自主權和知情同意（知情選擇）權
Pindo Mulla v. Spain （開啟新視窗）
來源: no. 15541/20, §§ 125, 140, 149, 151, ECHR Grand Chamber 17 September, 2024 (European Court of Human Rights)
Takeda v. State, Case No. 1998 Nos. 1081, 1082, § 2. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Supreme Court of Japan, 29 February 2000.
Jehovah's Witnesses of Moscow and Others v. Russia. （開啟新視窗）
來源: no. 302/02. §§ 132, 135, 136, ECHR 10 June 2010 (European Court of Human Rights).
A.N.J.W. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Case No. A. 523. XLVIII. §§ 14, 16, 1 June 2012 Supreme Court of Argentina.
In re T. (Adult: Refusal of Treatment) [1992] （開啟新視窗）
來源: 4 ALL ER 649; [1992] 3 WLR 782 (Court of Appeal, United Kingdom).
http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWCA/Civ/1992/18.html （開啟新視窗）
Harvey v. Strickland. （開啟新視窗）
來源: 350 S.C. 303, 309-10, 566 S.E. 2d 529, 533 (2002), Supreme Court of South Carolina (USA).
https://www.leagle.com/decision/2002653350SC303_1592/harvey%20v.%20strickland （開啟新視窗）
Carter v. Canada (Attorney General). （開啟新視窗）
來源: 2015 SCC 5, §6 Supreme Court of Canada.
https://scc-csc.lexum.com/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/14637/index.do （開啟新視窗）
Castell v De Greef. （開啟新視窗）
來源: 1994 (4) SA 408 (C) Full Bench of the Cape Provision Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa.
Refusal of blood by Jehovah's Witnesses and the patient's right to self-determination. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Leg Med (Tokyo) 2009;11 Suppl 1:S138-40.
檢索: PubMed 19272827
DOI碼: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.02.005
Autonomia do paciente e direito de escolha de tratamento médico sem transfusão de sangue mediante os atuais preceitos civis e constitucionais Brasileiros. [Patient autonomy and right to choose medical treatment without blood transfusion given current Brazilian civil and constitutional precepts.] [Portuguese] （開啟新視窗）
來源: Boletim Conteúdo Jurídico
檢索: ISSN 1984-0454
Physician autonomy and patient rights: lessons from an enforced blood transfusion and the role of patient blood management. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Vox Sang 2021. [Online ahead of print]
檢索: PubMed 33826768
DOI碼: 10.1111/vox.13106
Ethical Issues and the Religious and Historical Basis for the Objection of Jehovah's Witnesses to Blood Transfusion Therapy. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Lewiston, NY, USA: Edwin Mellen Press; 2003.
檢索: ISBN 978-0-773-46542-8
Hémorragie et transfusion : le cas des Témoins de Jéhovah. [Hemorrhage and transfusion: the case of Jehovah's Witnesses.] [French] （開啟新視窗）
來源: Rev Med Suisse 2006;2(88):2674-6, 2678-9.
檢索: PubMed 17265806
Legal and ethical issues in blood transfusion. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2013;74(1):C2-4.
檢索: PubMed 23593671
Questões constitucionais e legais referentes a tratamento médico sem transfusão de sangue. [Constitutional and legal issues concerning medical treatment without blood transfusion.] [Portuguese] （開啟新視窗）
來源: Boletim Conteúdo Jurídico
檢索: ISSN 1984-0454
Transfusion Alternative Health Care—Meeting Patient Needs and Rights. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Brooklyn, NY (USA); Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania: 2002.
https://www.pr418.com/en/medical-library/videos/blood-transfusion-patient-needs-rights/ （開啟新視窗）
Relational autonomy or undue pressure? Family's role in medical decision-making. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Scand J Caring Sci 2008;22(1):128-35.
檢索: PubMed 18269432
DOI碼: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2007.00561.x
Patients' choice, consent, and ethics in Patient Blood Management. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Anesth Analg 2022;135(3):489-500.
檢索: PubMed 35977359
DOI碼: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000006105
Why "bloodless medicine" and how should we do it? （開啟新視窗）
來源: Transfusion 2003;43(5):550-1.
檢索: PubMed 12702172
Association of Anaesthetists: anaesthesia and peri-operative care for Jehovah's Witnesses and patients who refuse blood. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Anaesthesia 2019;74(1):74-82.
檢索: PubMed 30270470
DOI碼: 10.1111/anae.14441
Transfusion-free treatment of Jehovah's Witnesses: respecting the autonomous patient's rights. （開啟新視窗）
來源: J Med Ethics 1998;24(5):302-7.
檢索: PubMed 9800584
Escolha esclarecida de tratamento médico por pacientes Testemunhas de Jeová como exercício harmônico de direitos fundamentais. [Jehovah's Witnesses’ informed consent to medical treatment as an exercise of their fundamental rights.] [Portuguese] （開啟新視窗）
來源: Boletim Conteúdo Jurídico
檢索: ISSN 1984-0454
Informed consent, informed refusal, informed choice--what is it that makes a patient's medical treatment decisions informed? （開啟新視窗）
來源: Med Law 2001;20(2):205-14.
檢索: PubMed 11495204
The ethics of blood management. （開啟新視窗）
來源: Vox Sang 2007;92(2):95-102.
檢索: PubMed 17298570
DOI碼: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2006.00867.x
Law, ethics, religion, and blood management. （開啟新視窗）
來源: In: Basics of Blood Management, Second Edition. Chichester, West Sussex (UK); Wiley-Blackwell; 2013. p. 285-96.
檢索: ISBN 978-0-470-67070-5
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781118338070.ch20/summary （開啟新視窗）
Caring for Patients Who Refuse Blood—A Guide to Good Practice for the Surgical Management of Jehovah's Witnesses and Other Patients Who Decline Transfusion. （開啟新視窗）
來源: London, UK; The Royal College of Surgeons of England; 2016.
Jehovah's Witnesses and the transfusion debate: "We are not asking for the right to die." （開啟新視窗）
來源: CMAJ 1991;144(6):770-6.
檢索: PubMed 1998938
Management of Anaesthesia For Jehovah's Witnesses. Second Edition. （開啟新視窗）
來源: London, UK: The Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland; 2005.
