Nuka Gbɔe Aƒemanɔamesi Ƒe Kuxia Tso?

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Nuka Gbɔe Aƒemanɔamesi Ƒe Kuxia Tso?

JOSEPHINE, si xɔ ƒe 36, ƒe aƒe le Afrika du gã aɖe ƒe gbɔto, eye woa kple viaŋutsuvi etɔ̃, siwo xɔ tso ƒe 6 vaseɖe 11 ye le afima. Dɔ si wòwɔnae nye be efɔa aŋego siwo me naneke megale o, eye wòva dzrana wo na dɔwɔƒe aɖe si gbugbɔna trɔa asi le wo ŋu, si te ɖe afima. Ga si katã wòkpɔna tsoa dɔ teɖeɖiameŋu sia me medea dɔlar eve gbeɖeka o. Ga sia mede wòatsɔ anyi eƒe ƒomea alo axe woƒe sukufe le dugã ma me o.

Ne ekpã la, ekema egbɔna vaa nusi wòle be wòayɔ be yeƒe aƒe la me. Anyikpe siwo wosia woƒu kple ati lɛlɛ aɖewoe wotsɔ tui. Zingli ŋɔŋɔ siwo ƒe akpa aɖewo wotsɔ aŋe xee, siwo womeka kple gatagbadzɛ alo plingo o, ye wotsɔ gba xɔa. Azɔ wotsɔ kpe, ati kple ganu aɖewo da ɖe xɔa tame be yaƒoƒo sesẽwo nagaɖe zingliawo ɖa o. Bli kotoku vuvuwoe wotsɔ wɔ “ʋɔtrua” kple “fesrea,” eye esia wɔe be mate ŋu akpɔ wo ta tso vuvɔ alo yatsi si me o—womagagblɔ amesiwo ate nu ava dze wo dzi ya ƒe nya o.

Nusi gaɖe fu wue nye be menye ye ŋutɔ tɔe aƒe madeamedzi sia gɔ̃ hã nye o. Josephine kple viawo vɔ̃na ɣesiaɣi be woava nya yewo le aƒea me. Anyigba aɖe si wogblẽ ɖi be woava do mɔ to edzi dzie wotu aƒe madeamedzi sia ɖo. Ewɔ nublanui ŋutɔ be nɔnɔme sia tɔgbe bɔ le dukɔ geɖe me le xexeame godoo.

Aƒe si Menyo na Ame ƒe Lãmesẽ O

Robin Shell, si nye xexeame katã ƒe xɔnyawo ŋuti kpekpeɖeŋunaɖoɖo ƒe akametiwo dometɔ ɖeka gblɔ be: “Le aƒe manyomanyowo me la, aƒea kpea ŋu na ɖeviwo, . . . ƒomea me tɔwo léa dɔ ɣesiaɣi, eye . . . womenya gbesigbe dziɖuɖumegã aɖe, aƒeatɔ alo anyigbatɔ ava nya wo dzo le [aƒea me] o.”

Agbenɔnɔ le nɔnɔme siawo tɔgbe me wɔe be dzilawo tsia dzi ɣesiaɣi ɖe wo viwo ƒe lãmesẽ kple dedienɔnɔ ŋu. Le esi teƒe be woawɔ dɔ ana nɔnɔmea naka ɖe emea, zi geɖe la, ɖeviawo ƒe nuhiahiã vevitɔwo, abe nuɖuɖu, ɖiɖiɖeme, kple dɔƒe gbɔ kpɔkpɔ ŋu koe wova zãna woƒe ɣeyiɣi kple ŋusẽ ƒe akpa gãtɔ dagbana ɖo.

Ele bɔbɔe be amesi mele nɔnɔme sia tɔgbe me o nagblɔ be ame dahewo ate ŋu atrɔ asi le woƒe nɔnɔmea ŋu; be nusi ko woawɔe nye be woagadze agbagba geɖe wu. Gake gbɔgblɔ na amewo be wonedze agbagba woaʋli vie ɖeɖe mate ŋu akpɔ nyaa gbɔ o. Nusiwo gbɔ aƒemanɔamesi ƒe kuxia tso la sesẽ ale gbegbe be ame ɖeka aɖeke mate ŋu akpɔ wo gbɔ le eɖokui si o. Numekulawo gblɔ be nusiwo gbɔ koŋ kuxia tsoe nye amewo ƒe dzidzi kabakaba, ʋuʋu le kɔƒenutowo me va dugãwo me, dzɔdzɔmefɔkuwo, dunyahehe me tɔtɔwo, kple ahedada kolikoli. Abe alesi ko nàtsɔ wò asibide atɔ̃awo amia nane ɖe asi mee ene la, nu atɔ̃ siawo mia ame dahe geɖe siwo le xexeame la dometɔ aɖewo sesĩe.

Amewo ƒe Agbɔsɔsɔ ƒe Amemiamia

Wobui be ƒe sia ƒe la, ame miliɔn 68 vaseɖe miliɔn 80 ye va kpena ɖe amesiwo wòle be woadi nɔƒe na le xexeame godoo ŋu. Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe Amewo ƒe Agbɔsɔsɔme Gbɔkpɔha gblɔ be amesiwo le xexeame ƒe xexlẽme gbɔ miliɔn 6,100 ŋu le ƒe 2001 me, eye wole mɔ kpɔm be kaka ƒe 2050 naɖo la, xexlẽme ma anɔ miliɔn 7,900 kple miliɔn 10,900 dome. Nya si gaɖe fu wue nye be wosusui be dukɔ madeŋgɔwo mee wole amesiwo dzi ge wole la dometɔ 98 le alafa me dzi ge ɖo. Akɔntabubu mawo ɖeɖe kura ɖee fia be ame gbogbo aɖee ma wòava hiã be woadi nɔƒe na. Evɔ nya lae nye be, dugã siwo me amewo sɔ gbɔ ɖo akpa xoxo mee amewo gale dzidzim le wu, si fia be kuxia gale nyanyram ɖe edzi.

Ame Gbogbo Siwo Le Ʋuʋum tso Kɔƒenutowo me Le Dugãwo me Vam

Zi geɖe la, dugã siwo me nuwo le edzi dzem le wu—abe New York, London, kple Tokyo ene—nyea kpeɖodzi be ganyawo le nyonyom le dukɔ aɖe me. Esia wɔe be kɔƒenutowo me tɔwo lɔna bibibi va kɔna ɖe teƒe mawo siwo wosusuna be ga bɔ ɖo, be yewoava de suku alo adi dɔ awɔ.

Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le China la, ganyawo le nyonyom ɖe edzi ŋutɔ. Nyatakaka aɖe gblɔ be esia awɔe be le ƒe ʋɛ siwo gbɔna me la, xɔ miliɔn 200 kple edzivɔ ahiã le dugãwo me ɖeɖe. Xɔ siwo katã le United States fifia ƒe teƒe eve kloe nye ema. Ðe xɔtuɖoɖo aɖe li ate ŋu akpɔ hiahiã sia gbegbe gbɔa?

Xexeame Katã ƒe Gadzraɖoƒegã gblɔ be, “ƒe sia ƒe la, wotsoa aƒe yeye miliɔn 12 va ɖo miliɔn 15 kloe le dugã siwo le dukɔ madeŋgɔwo me, eye ame xexlẽme ma tɔgbe ye va nɔa wo me.” Esi wònye aƒe nyui meli asu amesiame nu o ta la, eva hiãna be ame dahe siawo nadi nɔƒe le afisiafi si woakpɔ ɖe le, eye zi geɖe la, afisi ame aɖeke medi be yeanɔ o ye wova nɔna.

Dzɔdzɔmefɔkuwo Kple Dunyahehe me Tɔtɔwo

Ahedada wɔe be ame geɖe va le teƒe siwo tsiɖɔɖɔ, ba siwo sina tsoa towo tame, kple afisiwo anyigbaʋuʋuwo ate ŋu agblẽ nu le bɔbɔe. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, wobu akɔnta be le Caracas si le Venezuela la, amesiwo awu 500,000 ye le “teƒe siwo ŋu womeɖe mɔ le o, siwo le towo ŋu, afisi towo te ŋu kana lɔa ba, atiwo, tsi kple nu bubuwo ɖe nu hoo va yina le enuenu.” Ðewohĩ èɖo ŋku afɔku aɖe si dzɔ le atikeɖaƒe aɖe le Bhopal, India, le ƒe 1984, esime gago siwo me aɖiya aɖe le la dometɔ ɖeka nu ʋu, si na ame akpe geɖe ku eye ame geɖe bubuwo xɔ abi hã dzi. Nukatae ame gbogbo aɖe ku le afɔku ma me? Nusi koŋ gbɔ wòtsoe nye be ame dahewo va ɖo nuto madeamedzi aɖe si gogo teƒea akpa; meta atɔ̃ koe tso woa kple atikeɖaƒea dome.

Dunyahehe me tɔtɔwo, abe dukɔmeviʋawo ene, hã na aƒemanɔamesi ƒe kuxia gava le sesẽm ɖe edzi. Nyatakaka aɖe si amegbetɔwo ƒe gomenɔamesiwo ŋuti ƒuƒoƒo aɖe na le ƒe 2002 me gblɔ be le ƒe 1984 kple 1999 ƒe domedome la, amesiwo ade miliɔn ɖeka kple afã, siwo dometɔ akpa gãtɔ nye kɔƒenutome tɔwo, sɔŋ ye si dzo le Turkey (Turquie) ƒe anyieheɣedzeƒe le dukɔmeviʋa si wowɔ ta. Eva hiã be wo dometɔ geɖe nadi nɔƒe le afisiafi si woate ŋu akpɔ ɖe le, eye zi geɖe la, wolɔna va kɔna ɖe ƒometɔwo kple wo havi siwo le nɔƒe siwo wotu ɖewoɖewoe, xɔhaya me, agblewo dzi, alo le teƒe si wole xɔ aɖe tum le la dzi. Wogblɔ be ƒome aɖewo le lãkpɔwo me, eye wo dometɔ 13 kple edzivɔ nɔa xɔ ɖeka me, wozãna afɔdzideƒe ɖeka, eye pɔmpi ɖeka pɛ koe nɔ teƒea. Sitsoƒedilawo dometɔ ɖeka gblɔ be: “Agbenɔnɔ alea tsi kɔ na mí. Teƒe si wotu na lãwoe míeva le.”

Ganyawo ƒe Ŋgɔmayimayi

Míagblɔ mlɔeba be ame dahewo ƒe aƒemanɔamesi ƒe akpa vevi aɖe hã tso woƒe ganyawo gbɔ. Xexeame Katã ƒe Gadzraɖoƒegã ƒe nyatakaka si míeyɔ va yi gblɔ be le ƒe 1988 ɖeɖe me la, wogblɔ be amesiwo le dugãwo me le dukɔ madeŋgɔwo me la dometɔ miliɔn 330 nye ame dahewo, evɔ mɔkpɔkpɔ aɖeke meli be nɔnɔmea ava ka ɖe eme na wo le ƒe siwo gbɔna me o. Ne ga si amewo hiã be woatsɔ aƒle nuɖuɖu kple nudodo teti gɔ̃ hã mele wo si o ɖe, afika woakpɔ ga le ahaya xɔ nyui aɖe alo be woa ŋutɔwo woatso aƒe?

Deme gbogbo si xem amewo va le ɖe ga si wodo le gadzraɖoƒe dzi, kple nuwo ƒe asixɔxɔ akpa, wɔe be ƒome geɖe mate ŋu ado ga o, eye nuwo abe tsi kple elektrikkaɖi ene ƒe fe wɔe be amewo ƒe ganyawo do kpo ŋgɔyiyi. Le dukɔ aɖewo me la, ame 20 le alafa me mekpɔ dɔ le wɔwɔm o, eye esia wɔe be gbesiagbebolo kpɔkpɔ zu dɔ.

Susu siawo kple bubuwo zi ame miliɔn alafa geɖe dzi le xexeame ƒe akpa sia akpa be woava nɔ aƒe madeamedziwo me. Ame aɖewo dɔa ʋu gbegblẽ siwo womegale zazãm o, meli me nugo gãwo, kple agbalẽgowo me. Womlɔa atrakpuiwo gɔme, aŋenu kakɛwo, kple ʋuƒo siwo womegale zazãm o dzi. Afisiwo nye dɔwɔƒewo tsã gɔ̃ hã va zu aƒe na ame aɖewo.

Nuka Wɔm Wole tso Nɔnɔmea Ŋu?

Ame ɖekaɖekawo, habɔbɔwo, kple dziɖuɖu siwo tsi dzi ɖe nɔnɔmea ŋu la le agbagba geɖe dzem xoxo be yewoakpɔ kuxia gbɔ. Le Japan la, woɖo dɔwɔƒe geɖe be woakpe ɖe amewo ŋu woatu xɔ si ade wo dzi. Xɔtuɖoɖo aɖe si wowɔ le South Africa (Afrique du Sud) le ƒe 1994 me na wotso aƒe miliɔn ɖeka siwo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe me xɔdɔme ene le. Le Kenya la, xɔtutu habɔbɔ aɖe ƒe taɖodzinue nye be yeatu xɔ 150,000 le dugãwo me, kple ema ƒe teƒe eve le kɔƒenutowo me ƒe sia ƒe. Dukɔ bubuwo, abe Madagascar ene, le agbagba dzem be yewoakpɔ xɔtumɔnu aɖe si ana woatu xɔ evɔ womazã ga geɖe o.

Woɖo xexeame katã ƒe habɔbɔwo, abe UN-HABITAT (Dukɔ Ƒoƒuawo ƒe Amenɔƒe Ŋuti Ðoɖo) ene, be woaɖee afia be xexeame tɔwo katã ɖoe kplikpaa be “yewoaxe mɔ ɖe kuxi siwo ame geɖe ƒe ʋuʋu yi dugãwo me le hehem vɛ nu ahana kuxiawo dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ.” Habɔbɔ siwo media viɖe o kple ɖokuisihabɔbɔwo hã le agbagba dzem be yewoana kpekpeɖeŋu. Habɔbɔ aɖe si media viɖe o kpe ɖe ame 150,000 kple edzivɔ ŋu le xexeame ƒe teƒe geɖe wodze agbagba na aƒe madeamedzi siwo me wonɔ tsã la nyo ɖe edzi. Habɔbɔ ma bu akɔnta be kaka ƒe 2005 nawu enu la, yewoakpe ɖe ame miliɔn ɖeka ŋu woakpɔ aƒe kpokploe, siwo me le dzadzɛ anɔ.

Habɔbɔ siawo dometɔ geɖe na nyatakaka nyuiwo li ɣesiaɣi, be wòakpe ɖe amesiwo le aƒe madeamedziwo me ŋu be woatrɔ asi le nɔnɔme si me wole ŋu alo be woana wòanyo ɖe edzi kura gɔ̃ hã. Ne èkpɔe be yehiã kpekpeɖeŋu la, ekema àte ŋu awɔ ɖoɖo siawo ŋudɔ be wòaɖe vi na wò. Nu vevi geɖe aɖewo hã li nàte ŋu awɔ akpe ɖe ɖokuiwò ŋu.—Kpɔ aɖaka si nye “Alesi Nàwɔ Anɔ Lãmesẽ me le Wò Aƒe Me,” le axa 7.

Àte ŋu ana wò nɔnɔmea naka ɖe eme alo màte ŋui o, mɔkpɔkpɔ boo aɖeke meli be amegbetɔ alo amewo ƒe habɔbɔ ɖeka aɖe ate ŋu aɖe nusiwo na aƒemanɔamesi ƒe kuxi sia li la ɖa o. Xexeame dukɔwo kpɔe be yewole kpo dom nu ɖe edzi le gakuxi kple kpekpeɖeŋunana amewo si hiã kpata hele dzidzim ɖe edzi la me. Ƒe sia ƒe la, wogadzia ɖevi miliɔn geɖe ɖe ahedada ƒe nɔnɔme wɔnublanui sia me. Ðe mɔkpɔkpɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ aɖe li be kuxi sia ava vɔ keŋkeŋua?—g05 9/22.

[Aɖaka si le axa 7]

ALESI NÀWƆ ANƆ LÃMESẼ ME LE WÒ AƑE ME

Xexeame ƒe Lãmesẽ Habɔbɔ gblɔ be zi geɖe la, ele be nusiwo gbɔna ya teti nanɔ xɔ ŋu hafi emenɔlawo ate ŋu anɔ lãmesẽ me:

▪ Woagba xɔa nyuie be tsi naganɔ dzadzam ɖe eme o

▪ Gliawo kple ʋɔtruawo nanyo ale be yame ƒe nɔnɔme manyomanyowo kple lãwo naganɔ fu ɖem na wo o

▪ Woadi nane axe fesreawo kple ʋɔtruawo nu be nudzodzoewo, vevietɔ mũwo, nagato wo me age ɖe xɔa me o

▪ Vɔvɔli nanɔ xɔa ŋu godoo ava kpe ale be ŋdɔkutsu ƒe ʋuʋu sesĩe nagakpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe gliawo dzi tẽ o

[Aɖaka/Nɔnɔmetata siwo le axa 8]

AFRIKATƆWO ƑE KƆƑENUTOWO ME XƆWO

Ƒe alafa geɖewoe nye esia si Afrikatɔwo ƒe xɔwo nye nukpɔkpɔ. Woƒe lolome kple nɔnɔme le vovovo. Nuto aɖewo, abe Kikuyutɔ kple Luotɔ siwo le Kenya ene, tua woƒe xɔwo wonɔa togodo me eye wotsɔa bè gbanɛ eye etame nɔa tsũe. Ame bubuwo ɖoa dzogoe ene na woƒe xɔwo, abe Masaitɔ siwo le Kenya kple Tanzania ene. Le Ɣedzeƒe Afrika ƒe ƒuta nutowo me la, bè si wotsɔ gbãna xɔwo la ƒe nugbɔ kana anyigba.

Esi wònye xɔtunu siwo wozãna kpɔkpɔ mesesẽ o ta la, xɔ ƒe kuxi menɔa anyi ale o. Ne wotsɔ anyi kple tsi tsaka ko la, woakpɔ anyi si woatsɔ atu xɔe. Ave gbogbo siwo gogo wo wɔe be ati, gbe, aƒla, kple pampro kpɔkpɔ mesesẽna o. Esia wɔe be ga ɖale ƒomea si alo wonye ame dahewo o, zi geɖe la, amesiame ate ŋu atu eƒe xɔ.

Ke hã, afɔku aɖewo le xɔ siawo hã ŋu. Esi wònye nusiwo fiãna ye wotsɔna tua xɔawoe ta la, vɔvɔ̃ li be dzo ate ŋu afiã wo bɔbɔe. Nenema kee ne fiafitɔwo nya ɖe do to glia me ko la, woate ŋu age ɖe xɔa me bɔbɔe. Eyata mewɔ nuku o be le teƒe geɖe egbea la, Afrikatɔ geɖe megale xɔtunu siwo wozãna tsã la zãm o; xɔtunu siwo nɔa anyi didina zãmee wole fifia.

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