Dzo kpo yi emenuwo dzi

Dzo kpo yi emenuawo dzi

ŊKUÐOÐO BLEMATƆ AÐEWO DZI

Al-Khwarizmi

Al-Khwarizmi

AMEWO zãa Hindutɔwo ƒe Arabgbe me ŋɔŋlɔdze- siwo ne wole nu kpotokpotoe siwo woƒle ƒe kpekpeme alo eƒe asi bum. Nu ka tae wozãa “Hindutɔwo ƒe Arabgbe” me ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo? Ewɔ abe Indiae xexlẽdzesi siwo wozãna egbea, siwo dzea egɔme tso naneke o (0) dzi va se ɖe asieke (9) la dzɔ tso ene. Agbalẽnyala gã siwo nɔ anyi le blema siwo zãa Arabgbe me ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo woe tsɔ wo yi ɖe Europa kple Amerika. Wo dometɔ si ɖe dzesi wu la ƒe ŋkɔe nye Muhammad ibn-Musa al-Khwarizmi. Anɔ eme be du si woyɔna egbea be Uzbekistan mee wodzi al-Khwarizmi le le ƒe 780 me, eye wona ŋkɔ ŋutsu sia be “Arabiatɔwo ƒe akɔntanyala gã.” Nu ka tae woda ŋkɔ sia ɖe edzi?

“ARABIATƆWO ƑE AKƆNTANYALA GÔ

Al-Khwarizmi ŋlɔ nu tso xexlẽdzesi ŋeŋekakɛwo ŋu, eye wòɖe nu me tso ale si woakpɔ akɔntabubu me kuxi aɖewo gbɔ eye wòna numeɖeɖea ɖo ame geɖewo gbɔ. Eɖe ale si wòwɔ esiae me le eƒe agbalẽ aɖe (The Book of Restoring and Balancing) me. Nya al-jabr si dze le agbalẽ sia ƒe Arabgbe me ŋkɔ si nye Kitab al-jabr wa’l-muqabala mee yevugbe me nya algebra alo algèbre si nye akɔntabubu ƒomevi si me wozãa nuŋlɔdzesiwo tsɔ tsia tre ɖi na xexlẽdzesi vovovowo la dzɔ tso. Ehsan Masood si ŋlɔa nu tso dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ŋu la gblɔ be wobua algebra be “enye akɔntabumɔnu vevitɔ si woto vae kpɔ, eyae nye vevitɔ si ɖea vi na dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ƒe alɔdze ɖe sia ɖe.” *

Agbalẽŋlɔla aɖe gblɔ fefetɔe be: “Suku kɔkɔ dela gbogbo aɖewo agblɔ be ne ɖe wònya [al-Khwarizmi] anye ne mexa ɖe akɔntabubu sia ƒomevi ɖe go o.” Gake al-Khwarizmi gblɔ be yeƒe susue nye be yeato mɔnu bɔbɔe aɖe vae ale be akɔntabubu nanɔ bɔbɔe na asitsalawo, domenyinumalawo, numekulawo kple bubuawo.

Le ƒe alafa geɖe megbe la, Europatɔwo ƒe akɔntanyala gã siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye Galileo kple Fibonacci kpɔ ŋudzedze gã aɖe ɖe dɔ si al-Khwarizmi wɔ la ŋu le ale si wòɖe ale si woazã nuŋlɔdzesiwo atsɔ adi xexlẽdzesi siwo womenya o la me eme kɔ nyuie la ta. Al-Khwarizmi ƒe numeɖeɖe siawo kpe ɖe dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo ŋu woto akɔntabubu ƒomevi vovovowo vae abe ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo zazã atsɔ adi xexlẽdzesiwo ƒe akɔntabubu, akɔntabubu ƒomevi si ku ɖe xexlẽdzesiwo ŋu dɔwɔwɔ ŋu kpakple akɔntabubu si ku ɖe nu siwo si axa etɔ̃ le la ƒe dzogoewo bubu ŋu ene. Akɔntabubu si ku ɖe nu siwo si axa etɔ̃ le ƒe dzogoewo bubu ŋu kpe ɖe Titina Asiatɔwo ƒe agbalẽnyala gãwo ŋu woyi ŋgɔ geɖe le nuwo ƒe dzogoewo, woƒe axawo bubu kple ɣletiviŋutinunya me. *

Algebra: “Akɔntabumɔnu vevitɔ si woto vae kpɔ”

Ame siwo tu woƒe numekukuwo ɖe al-Khwarizmi ƒe akɔntabumɔnuwo dzi la te ŋu to mɔnu yeye siwo me wozãa xexlẽdzesi ŋeŋekakɛwo vɛ, eye woto ale si woabu nuwo ƒe kekeme, woƒe kɔkɔme kple agbɔsɔsɔ me vɛ. Titina Asiatɔwo ƒe xɔtuɖaŋunyalawo kple xɔtulawo zãa mɔnu deŋgɔ siawo xoxo hafi wo tɔ siwo le Europa va nya nu tso wo ŋu le Atitsogaʋawo me. Wotsɔ akɔntabubu ƒomevi siawo yi wo de eye Moslemtɔ siwo wolé le aʋa kple esiwo ŋutɔ ʋu va tsi anyigba mawo dzi kpe ɖe wo ŋu wova ɖu tu na akɔntabubu ƒomevi siawo.

ARABGBE ME AKƆNTABUBU VA KEKE TA

Le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe la, wova ɖe al-Khwarizmi ƒe agbalẽwo gɔme ɖe Latingbe me. Wogblɔna be Italiatɔwo ƒe akɔntabulagã Fibonacci (ƒe 1170-1250) si wogayɔna hã be Leonardo si tso Pisa ye na Hindutɔwo ƒe Arabgbe me nuŋlɔdzesiwo va xɔ ŋkɔ le Europa. Esrɔ̃ nu tso nu siawo ŋu esi wòzɔ mɔ yi Domeƒu ƒe nutowo me eye wòva ŋlɔ agbalẽ si nye Akɔntabugbalẽ.

Exɔ ƒe alafa geɖe hafi ame geɖewo va nya nu tso al-Khwarizmi ƒe numeɖeɖewo ŋu nyuie. Gake eƒe mɔnuwo kple akɔntabubuwo ɖea vi gã aɖe na dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo, mɔ̃ɖaŋunuwɔlawo, asitsalawo kple adzɔnuwɔlawo.

^ mm. 5 Egbea la, wozãa nuŋlɔdzesiwo abe x alo y tsɔ tsia tsitre ɖi na xexlẽdzesiwo. Eƒe kpɔɖeŋu aɖee nye esi: x + 4 = 6. Ne èɖe 4 le xexlẽdzesi siwo le akpa eveawo me la, àkpɔe be xexlẽdzesi si x le tsitre ɖi na lae nye 2.

^ mm. 7 Helatɔwo ƒe ɣletiviŋununyalawo xɔ ŋgɔ le nu siwo si axa etɔ̃ le la ƒe axawo kple woƒe dzogoewo bubu me. Moslemtɔwo ƒe agbalẽnyala gãwo zãa akɔntabubu ƒomevi sia tsɔ nyaa afi si lɔƒo Meka le. Moslemtɔwo trɔna ɖe Meka gome hafi doa gbe ɖa. Le woƒe kɔnyinyiwo nu la, ele be woaɖi ame kukuwo woadze ŋgɔ Meka gome eye woƒe lãtsolawo dzea ŋgɔ Meka gome hafi wua lãwo.