Tatian—Xɔsetaʋlilae loo alo Nudadafialaea?

LE APOSTOLO Paulo ƒe dutanyanyuigbɔgblɔ ƒe mɔzɔzɔ etɔ̃lia ƒe nuwuwu lɔƒo la, ekpe kple hamemegã siwo nɔ Efeso-hamea me. Egblɔ na wo be: “Menya bena, le nye dzodzo megbe la amegãxi nyanyrawo laɖo mia dome, amesiwo makpɔ alẽha la ta o; eye le mia ŋutɔwo dome la ŋutsu, siwo gblɔa nya dadawo la, latsi tre, be woahe nusrɔ̃lawo ɖe wo ɖokui yome.”—Dɔwɔwɔwo 20:29, 30.

Le Paulo ƒe nyawo ƒe me vava nu tututu la, ƒe alafa evelia M.Ŋ. nye tɔtrɔ kple xɔsegbegbe si ƒe nya wogblɔ ɖi la siaa ƒe ɣeyiɣi. Sidzedzeha, si nye subɔsubɔ kple xexemenunya ƒe ha nyanyɛ aɖe si gblẽ nu le xɔsetɔ aɖewo ƒe xɔse ŋu, la nɔ ta kekem. Sidzedzehametɔwo xɔe se be gbɔgbɔmenuwo nyo ke ŋutilãmenuwo katã nye nu gbegblẽ. Esi wosusuna be nusiwo katã le ŋutilã me nye vɔ̃ ta la, wotsia tre ɖe srɔ̃ɖeɖe kple vidzidzi ŋu, hegblɔna be Satanae to esiawo vɛ. Wo dometɔ aɖewo xɔe se be esi wònye nusiwo nye gbɔgbɔmenuwo koe nyo ta la, nusi ame tsɔa eƒe ŋutilã wɔnɛ la mele vevie o. Nukpɔsusu siawo he agbenɔnɔ siwo gbɔ eme, siwo nye nuteteameɖokuigbenɔnɔ loo alo ŋutilãmenuwo yomenɔnɔ vivivo vɛ. Sidzedzehametɔwo ƒe nya si wogblɔna be Sidzedzetɔnyenye me nya ɣaɣlawo, alo ame ŋutɔ ƒe sidzedze, dzi koe woato akpɔ xɔxɔ la mewɔ ɖeka kple Mawu ƒe Nya ƒe nyateƒea le go aɖeke me o.

Aleke amesiwo yɔa wo ɖokui be Kristotɔwo la wɔ nui ɖe Sidzedzeha la ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi gbegblẽwo ŋui? Agbalẽnyala aɖewo ƒo nu tsi tre ɖe eƒe nufiafia gbegblẽawo ŋu, ke bubuawo xɔ wo de eme. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, Irenaeus tsɔ eƒe agbenɔɣi katã ʋli nya tsi tre ɖe xɔsegbegbe ƒe nufiafiawo ŋu. Polycarp, si nɔ anyi le apostoloawo ŋɔli, ye fia nui. Polycarp kafui be ele be woalé Yesu Kristo kple eƒe apostolowo ƒe nufiafia me ɖe asi sesĩe. Gake togbɔ be amesia kee fia nu Irenaeus xɔlɔ̃ Florinus hã la, eya va xɔ Valentinus, si nye Sidzedzehametɔwo ƒe ŋgɔnɔla si xɔ ŋkɔ wu, ƒe nufiafiawo dzi se. Ɣeyiɣi sesẽwoe ɣemaɣiwo nye nyateƒe.

Agbalẽ siwo kɔ nu me le ɣeyiɣi ma ƒe nɔnɔmeawo ŋu nyuie enye esiwo Tatian, si nye ƒe alafa evelia me nuŋlɔla xɔŋkɔ aɖe ŋlɔ. Ameka ƒomevie Tatian nye? Aleke wòwɔ va zu amesi yɔa eɖokui be Kristotɔ? Eye aleke nuwo nɔ na Tatian le Sidzedzehametɔwo ƒe nufiafiawo ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzia tee? Eƒe ŋutinya dodzidzɔnamewo kple kpɔɖeŋu si eya ŋutɔ ɖo nye nusɔsrɔ̃ veviwo na nyateƒea dilawo egbea.

 Keke Ðe “Dutagbalẽ Aɖewo” Ŋu

Siriatɔe Tatian nye. Mɔzɔzɔ yi teƒe geɖewo kple agbalẽ geɖe xexlẽ na wònya nu geɖe tso eŋɔlime Hela kple Roma tɔwo ƒe dekɔnuwo ŋu. Tatian nye dutoƒonuƒoƒola bibi aɖe si va Roma. Gake esime wònɔ Roma la, eƒe susu trɔ ɖe Kristotɔnyenye ŋu. Ete hadede kple Justin Martyr eye ɖewohĩ eva zu eƒe nusrɔ̃vi.

Esi Tatian nɔ nu me ɖem ku ɖe alesi wòwɔ va zu amesiwo gblɔna be Kristotɔwoe yewonye le eŋɔlime ŋu la, egblɔ be: “Medi alesi mate ŋu awɔ ake ɖe nyateƒea ŋu.” Esi wònɔ alesi eya ŋutɔ se le eɖokui me esi wòxlẽ Ŋɔŋlɔawo me ɖem la, egblɔ be: “Edzɔ be meva ke ɖe dutagbalẽ aɖewo ŋu, siwo gbɔ didi akpa be woatsɔ wo asɔ kple Helatɔwo ƒe nukpɔsusu, eye wode ŋgɔ akpa be woatsɔ wo asɔ kple woƒe vodadawo; eye wòƒoe ɖe nunye be maxɔ wo dzi ase le alesi wole tẽ, alesi nuawo ŋlɔlawo ɖi anukware, alesi wokpɔ nusiwo ava dzɔ le etsɔme la do ŋgɔe, alesi sedede siwo le eme la nyoe, kple alesi wogblɔ be xexeame katã ƒe dziɖuɖu le Ame ɖeka ko si me la ta.”

Tatian mehe ɖe megbe le eŋɔlimetɔwo kpekpe be woava dzro Kristotɔnyenye si nɔ anyi le eŋɔlime la me akpɔ, ne woakpɔ alesi wòle tẽ eye eme kɔ si na wòto vovo tso trɔ̃subɔsubɔ doviviti la gbɔe me o. Nukae míate ŋu asrɔ̃ tso agbalẽ siwo wòŋlɔ me?

Nukae Eƒe Agbalẽwo Ðe Fia?

Tatian ƒe agbalẽwo ɖe eyama fia be enye xɔsetaʋlila kple nuŋlɔla si ƒoa nu tsɔ ʋlia eƒe dzixɔse ta. Etsi tre ɖe trɔ̃subɔlawo ƒe xexemenunya ŋu vevie. Tatian te gbe ɖe alesi trɔ̃subɔsubɔ nye nusi ŋu viɖe mele o kple alesi wònye nusi me nunya le be woanye Kristotɔ ɣemaɣi la dzi le eƒe agbalẽ si nye Address to the Greeks me. Eƒe nyagbe siwo wòzã tsɔ ɖi gbɔ Helatɔwo ƒe nuwɔnawoe la nu sẽ ŋutɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, egblɔ le xexemenunyala Heracleitus ŋu be: “Ŋutsu sia ƒe ku na eƒe movidzɔdzɔ dze ƒã; elabena tetedɔ dze edzi, eye esi wòsrɔ̃ nu tso gbedada kpakple xexemenunya ŋu la, eva ha nyimĩ sisi ɖe eɖokui ŋuti, eye esi wònɔ ƒuƒum la, mĩa na eƒe ŋutilã bliboa lé ayi, ale be wòfli kakɛkakɛ, eye wòku.”

Tatian lé Mawu ɖeka, si nye nuwo katã Wɔla la, dzixɔxɔse me ɖe asi vevie. (Hebritɔwo 3:4) Le agbalẽ si nye Address to the Greeks me la, egblɔ le Mawu ŋu be enye “Gbɔgbɔ” hegblɔ be:  “Eya ko sie gɔmedzedze mele o, eye Eya Ŋutɔe nye nuwo katã ƒe gɔmedzedze.” (Yohanes 4:24; Timoteo I, 1:17) Le tsitretsitsi ɖe nɔnɔmewɔwɔwo zazã le tadedeagu me ŋu la, Tatian ŋlɔ bena: “Aleke wɔ mayɔ atikpowo kple kpewo be wonye mawuwo?” (Korintotɔwo I, 10:14) Exɔe se be Nya la, alo Logos, dzɔ abe Dziƒofofo la ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo ƒe ŋgɔgbevi ene eye emegbe wozãe le xexeame si míekpɔna la wɔwɔ me. (Yohanes 1:1-3; Kolosetɔwo 1:13-17) Ku ɖe amewo fɔfɔ ɖe tsitre le ɣeyiɣi ɖoɖi dzi ŋu la, Tatian gblɔ be: “Míexɔe se be woafɔ ame kukuwo ɖe tsitre le nuwo katã ƒe nuwuwu megbe.” Le nusitae míekuna ya gome la, Tatian ŋlɔ bena: “Womewɔ mí be míaku o, mía ŋutɔwo ƒe vodada tae míekuna ɖo. Míaƒe tiatiawɔblɔɖe la gblẽ nu le mía ŋu; mí amesiwo nɔ ablɔɖe me la va zu kluviwo; wodzra mí ɖe nuvɔ̃ me.”

Numeɖeɖe si Tatian na ku ɖe luʋɔ ŋu la tɔtɔa ame. Egblɔ be: “Helatɔwo, luʋɔ la ŋutɔ menye nu makumaku o, ke boŋ ekuna. Ke hã ate ŋu anɔ bɔbɔe be maku o. Le nyateƒe me la, ne medze si nyateƒe la o la, ekuna, eye wònyunyɔna kple ŋutilã la, gake agafɔ ake mlɔeba kple ŋutilã le xexeame ƒe nuwuwu eye woatsɔ ku ahe toe nɛ tegbee.” Nusi tututu fiam Tatian le le nya sia me la me mekɔ o. Ðe wòanye be esime wòlé Biblia ƒe nufiafia aɖewo me ɖe asi sesĩe la, edze agbagba hã be yeadze eŋɔlimetɔwo ŋu eye le ema ta wòtsɔ Ŋɔŋlɔawo me nyateƒewo tsaka kple trɔ̃subɔlawo ƒe xexemenunyaa?

Tatian ƒe agbalẽ ɖedzesi bubu enye Diatessaron, alo Harmony of the Four Gospels. Tatian ye nye ame gbãtɔ si tsɔ Nyanyuiawo na hame siwo le Siria la le woa ŋutɔwo degbe me. Esia nye agbalẽ aɖe si ŋu wode bubui vevie, si me wòna Nyanyui eneawo de nu wo nɔewo me ɖekae. Siria Sɔlemeha lae zãnɛ.

Kristotɔe loo alo Nudadafialaea?

Tatian ƒe agbalẽwo me dzodzro nyuie ɖee fia be enya Ŋɔŋlɔawo eye wòdea bubu deto wo ŋu. Eŋlɔ nu ku ɖe alesi wokpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe eyama dzi ŋu be: “Nyemetsi dzi ɖe kesinɔnuwo kpɔkpɔ ŋu o; megbe asrafodɔwɔwɔ; metsri matrewɔwɔ; ŋukeklẽ ɖe nunɔamesi kpɔkpɔ ŋu meƒonɛ ɖe nunye be mazu ƒudzidela o; . . . Ŋkɔxɔxɔ si dzroa amewo vevie meɖea fu nam o . . . Ɣe la ɖea vi na mí katã, eye ku ɖeka koe li na mí katã, míeɖanɔ agbe le dzidzedze me loo alo le hiãkame me o.” Tatian xlɔ̃ nu be: “Gbe nu le xexeame gbɔ eye nàƒo asa na eƒe movidzɔdzɔ la. Nɔ agbe na Mawu, eye to Eyama nyanya me nàɖe asi le wò nɔnɔme xoxoa ŋu.”—Mateo 5:45; Korintotɔwo I, 6:18; Timoteo I, 6:10.

Gake bu Tatian ƒe agbalẽ si ƒe tanyae nye On Perfection According to the Doctrine of the Savior ŋu kpɔ. Le eƒe agbalẽ sia me la, ebu fɔ Abosam be eyae ɖo srɔ̃ɖeɖe gɔme anyi. Tatian tsi tre ɖe eŋu vevie hegblɔ be amewo toa srɔ̃ɖeɖe me nɔ wo ɖokuiwo wɔm kluviwoe na xexe si woate ŋu atsrɔ̃ la.

Edze abe le Justin Martyr ƒe ku megbe le ƒe 166 M.Ŋ. me ene la, Tatian ɖo nuteteameɖokui ƒe kɔmama aɖe si woyɔ be Encratitɔwo anyi loo alo eyi ɖade ha kpli wo ene. Emeléɖeasilawo tea gbe ɖe ɖokuidziɖuɖu kple ame ƒe ŋutilã dzi ɖuɖu vevie dzi. Wonɔa nuteteameɖokui ƒe agbe si bia be woaƒo asa na ahanono, srɔ̃ɖeɖe, kple nunɔamesiwo didi.

Nusi Míate Ŋu Asrɔ̃

Nukatae Tatian tra tso Ŋɔŋlɔawo gbɔ nenema gbegbe ɖo? Ðe wòva zu ‘nyasela si ŋlɔa nu bea’? (Yakobo 1:23-25) Ðe Tatian mete ŋu gbe yakagli makɔmakɔwo si wɔe be amegbetɔwo ƒe xexemenunya ɖu edzia? (Kolosetɔwo 2:8; Timoteo I, 4:7) Esi nudadafiafia siwo dzi wòva lɔ̃ ɖo tra kura ta la, ɖe wòanye be eƒe susue megale te tututu oa?

Nuka kee wòɖanye o, Tatian ƒe agbalẽwo kple kpɔɖeŋu na míenya subɔsubɔ ƒe nɔnɔme si nɔ anyi le eŋɔlime. Woɖe alesi gbegbe xexemenunya ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ate ŋu agblẽ nui fia. Neva eme be míawɔ ɖe apostolo Paulo ƒe nuxlɔ̃amea dzi be míagbe “dzeɖoɖo ƒuƒlu makɔmakɔwo kple aʋatsosidzedze ƒe nudadafiafia.”—Timoteo I, 6:20.