Amekawoe Nye Anabaptisttɔwo?

ƔESIAƔI kloe si amedzrowo ɖi tsa yi Münster dugã si le Westphalia, Germany me zi gbãtɔ la, wotɔna henɔa xadza etɔ̃ aɖe siwo wotsɔ ga wɔe si wotsɔ ku ɖe sɔlemexɔ kɔkɔ aɖe tame la kpɔm. Esusɔ ɣeyiɣi ʋɛ aɖe ko xadza mawo ƒe afima nɔnɔ nade ƒe 500. Tsã la, ŋutsu etɔ̃ aɖewo siwo wowɔ funyafunyae le dutoƒo hewu la ƒe ŋutilã kukuawoe wotsɔ de wo me. Ŋutsu etɔ̃ siawo nye Anabaptisttɔwo eye xadzaawo nye woƒe fiaɖuƒea ƒe ŋkuɖodzinu.

Amekawoe nye Anabaptisttɔwo? Aleke ƒuƒoƒo sia wɔ dze egɔmee? Nukawoe nye woƒe nufiafia veviwo? Nukatae wowu ŋutsuawo ɖo? Eye ƒomedodo kae le xadza etɔ̃awo kple fiaɖuƒea dome?

Sɔlemeha la Ðɔɖɔɖo—Aleke Woawɔe?

Le ƒe alafa 15 lia ƒe nuwuwu kple le ƒe alafa 16 lia ƒe gɔmedzeɣi la, ame geɖe wu va nɔ ɖeklemi ɖem Roma Katoliko Ha la kple hakplɔlawo. Nufitifitiwɔwɔ kple agbegbegblẽnɔnɔ va xɔ aƒe ɖe sɔlemeha la me; eyata ame geɖe se le wo ɖokui me be ɖɔɖɔɖo gã aɖewo wɔwɔ hiã. Le ƒe 1517 me la, Martin Luther bia be woawɔ ɖɔɖɔɖo, eye esi ame bubuwo hã va de nu nyaʋiʋlia me ta la, Protestanttɔwo ƒe Ðɔɖɔɖoa dze egɔme vɔ keŋkeŋ koe nye ma.

Gake ɖoɖo nyui si dzi woazɔ ɖo le nusi wòle be woawɔ alo alesi gbegbe woatrɔ nuwoe ŋu menɔ ɖɔɖɔɖowɔlaawo si o. Ame geɖe va de dzesii be ele be woawɔ ɖe Biblia me nyawo dzi le subɔsubɔnyawo me. Ke hã, alesi ɖɔɖɔɖowɔla siawo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe se Biblia gɔmee to vovo na wo nɔewo gɔ̃ hã. Ewɔ na wo dometɔ aɖewo be Ðɔɖɔɖoa wɔwɔ mele tsɔtsɔm o. Ðɔɖɔɖowɔla siawo dometɔ aɖewoe va ɖo Anabaptist ƒuƒoƒoa.

Hans-Jürgen Goertz ŋlɔ ɖe eƒe agbalẽ Die Täufer—Geschichte und Deutung me be: “Ne míagblɔe ŋutɔŋutɔ la, menye baptist ƒuƒoƒo ɖeka koe nɔ anyi o; ke geɖewoe.” Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le ƒe 1521 me la, ŋutsu ene siwo woyɔna be Zwickau nyagblɔɖilawo na Anabaptist nufiafiawo kaka ɖe Wittenberg dua me katã. Eye le ƒe 1525 me la, woɖo Anabaptisttɔwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo bubu aɖe le Zurich, Switzerland. Woɖo Anabaptisttɔwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖewo hã le Moravia—si woyɔna fifia be Czech Republic—kple le Netherlands.

Nyɔnyrɔnana—Vidzĩwo loo alo Ame Tsitsiwo?

Anabaptist ƒuƒoƒo akpa gãtɔ melolo o, eye zi geɖe la, hameviawo nye ŋutifafamewo. Le nyateƒe me la, hameviawo meɣla woƒe dzixɔsewo o; woɖe gbeƒã na ame bubuwo. Woŋlɔ Anabaptisttɔwo ƒe dzixɔse ŋuti nufiafia veviwo ɖe agbalẽ si nye Schleitheim Xɔsemeʋuʋu la me le ƒe 1527 me. Nusiwo le eme dometɔ aɖewoe nye be womewɔa asrafodɔ o, woɖe wo ɖokui ɖa tso xexea me ŋu, eye woɖe nugbegblẽwɔlawo ɖa le wo ɖokui dome. Gake nusi ɖe dzesi le Anabaptisttɔwo ƒe dzixɔse ŋu wu bubuawo, si na woto vovo tso subɔsubɔha bubuwo gbɔe nye dzixɔse vevi si le wo si be ame tsitsiwoe wòle be woana nyɔnyrɔe, ke menye vidzĩwo o. *

Menye mawusubɔsubɔ me nufiafia koe ame tsitsiwo nyɔnyrɔ ƒe nya la nye o; ema ku ɖe sɔlemehawo ƒe ŋusẽkpɔkpɔ ŋu. Ne wohe ame aɖe ƒe nyɔnyrɔxɔxɔ ɖe megbe vaseɖe esime amea tsi—si ana mɔnukpɔkpɔ amea be wòanɔ te ɖe eƒe dzixɔse dzi awɔ nyametsotso—la, ekema ɖewohĩ womanyrɔ ame aɖewo akpɔ gbeɖe o. Eye le mɔ aɖe nu la, amesiwo womanyrɔ o la, maganɔ  sɔlemeha ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi te o. Le sɔlemeha aɖewo gome la, ame tsitsiwo nyɔnyrɔ awɔe be ŋusẽ aɖeke magava nɔ wo ŋu o.

Le susu sia ta la, Katolikotɔwo kple Luthertɔwo di be yewoatɔ te mawutsi dede ta na ame tsitsiwo. Le ƒe 1529 megbe le teƒe aɖewo ya teti la, wotso kufia na amesiwo nyrɔ ame tsitsiwo alo ame tsitsi siwo ɖe mɔ wonyrɔ wo. Nyadzɔdzɔŋlɔla Thomas Seifert ɖe eme be “woti” Anabaptisttɔwo “yome vevie le Germany Dukɔa ƒe Roma Fiaɖuƒe Kɔkɔea katã me.” Yometitia va ɖo eƒe sesẽaƒe le Münster.

Titinaɣeyiɣiwo me Münstertɔwo Di Tɔtrɔwɔwɔ

Le titinaɣiyiɣiwo me la, ame abe 10,000 ene ye nɔ Münster dugã la me eye woɖo gli sesẽ aɖe si womate ŋu amu bɔbɔe o si ƒe kekeme ade meta 90 eye eƒe didime ade kilometa 5 la tsɔ ƒo xlãe. Ke hã, nɔnɔme si nɔ edzi yim le dua me la meli ke abe eƒe takpɔnu siwo ƒo xlãe ene o. Agbalẽ si nye The Kingdom of the Anabaptists (Anabaptisttɔwo ƒe Fiaɖuƒea) si Münster Dugã la ƒe Blemanuwo Dzraɖoƒea ta la ƒo nu tso “dunyahehe ƒe ʋiʋli siwo nɔ edzi yim le Dugã la ƒe Senyalawo kple Asitsahabɔbɔwo dome” ŋu. Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, nunɔlawo ƒe agbenɔnɔ nɔ dzi kum na dukɔmeviawo. Münster da asi ɖe Ðɔɖɔɖo la dzi eye le ƒe 1533 me la, meganye Katoliko du azɔ o ke boŋ eva zu Luther du.

Amesiwo ɖe gbeƒã vevie tso ɖɔɖɔɖoa ŋu le Münster dometɔ ɖekae nye Bernhard Rothmann, dzimagbɔɖila aɖe. Agbalẽŋlɔla Friedrich Oehninger ɖe eme be Rothmann ƒe “nukpɔsusuwo va dze ƒã be Anabaptisttɔe wònye; eya kple ehati bubuwo gbe be yewomanyrɔ vidzĩwo o.” Togbɔ be ame aɖewo susui be eƒe nuwɔnawo gbɔ eme akpa hã la, ame gbogbo aɖewo va wɔ ɖeka kplii le Münster. “Ame geɖe siwo lé ɖe dzixɔse xoxoa ŋu dzo le dua me kple vɔvɔ̃ be ɖewohĩ nane ava dzɔ. Anabaptisttɔwo lɔ hoo tso teƒe vovovowo va Münster kple mɔkpɔkpɔ be yewoƒe dzidzenuwo akpɔ dzidzedze.” Münster dua va yɔ fũ kple Anabaptisttɔwo ale gbegbe be nu dziŋɔ aɖe va dzɔ.

Yerusalem Yeye Ðo Afɔku Me

Netherlandstɔ ʋuʋula eve siwo nye Jan Mathys, abolomela aɖe si tso Haarlem kple Jan Beuckelson, si woyɔna be John of Leiden—lae gbɔna akpa vevi aɖe wɔ ge le nudzɔdzɔ siwo ava yi edzi le afima me. Mathys gblɔ be nyagblɔɖilae yenye eye wòɖe gbeƒãe be Kristo atrɔ agbɔ zi evelia le April 1534 me. Egblɔ be Münster duae anye Yerusalem Yeye si ŋuti woƒo nu tsoe le Biblia me, eye esia na amewo xɔe se be xexeame ƒe nuwuwu gogo vɔ. Rothmann ɖoe be ele be kesinɔnuwo katã nanye amesiame tɔ. Eva hiã be ame tsitsiwo natso nya me: Be woanyrɔ wo loo alo be woadzo le dua me. Esia na ame gbogbo aɖewo na wonyrɔ wo evɔ ɖeko wo dometɔ aɖewo xɔ nyɔnyrɔ ale be woagaʋu le woƒe aƒewo me kple le nunɔamesiwo gbɔ o ta ko.

Medzɔ dzi na dukɔa ƒe akpa bubu aɖewo me tɔwo be Münster ye nye du gbãtɔ si me Anabaptisttɔwo va zu subɔsubɔ kple dunyahehe ŋusẽ sesẽtɔ kekeake le o. Agbalẽ si nye Die Täufer zu Münster gblɔ be nɔnɔme sia na “Germany Dukɔa ƒe Roma Fiaɖuƒe Kɔkɔea katã do dziku ɖe Münster ŋu.” Fiavi aɖe si ganye Bisiɔp, ŋutsu xɔŋkɔ aɖe si le nutoa me si woyɔna be Count Franz von Waldeck ƒo asrafowo ƒe hatsotso aɖe nu ƒu heɖe to ɖe Münster dua. Luthertɔwo kple Katolikotɔwo siaa nɔ asrafoha sia me. Subɔsubɔha eve siawo wɔ ɖeka tsi tre ɖe Ðɔɖɔɖoa ŋu hewɔ aʋa kple Anabaptisttɔwo, gake eteƒe madidi o, woatu nu kple wo nɔewo le Ƒe Blaetɔ̃ Ʋa la me.

 Anabaptist Fiaɖuƒea Tsɔtsrɔ̃

Asrafohaa ƒe toɖeɖe ɖe dua medo ŋɔdzi na emenɔla siwo le dedie le du si ŋu woɖo gli ɖo la me o. Le April 1534 me esime ŋkeke si woa ŋutɔwo susu be Kristo atrɔ va zi evelia ɖo la, Mathys do sɔ ɣi aɖe do le dua me, henɔ mɔ kpɔm be Mawu akpɔ ye ta. Kpɔ alesi ŋɔdzi aɖo Mathys yomedzelawoe ɖa le susu me, esime wodo ŋku ɖa to dua ƒe glia ta eye wokpɔ be asrafoha siwo ɖe to ɖe dua fli Mathys kakɛkakɛe hetsɔ eƒe ta ku ati aɖe ŋu.

John of Leiden va xɔ ɖe Mathys teƒe eye wotsɔ ŋkɔ nɛ be Anabaptisttɔ siwo le Münster ƒe Fia Jan. Edze agbagba be yeana ŋutsuwo ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ nasɔ kple nyɔnuwo tɔ—elabena nyɔnuwo va sɔ gbɔ wu ŋutsuawo le dua me—to dzidede ƒo na ŋutsuawo be woaɖe nyɔnu agbɔsɔsɔ si nu wodi la dzi. Anabaptist fiaɖuƒe si le Münster ƒe nuwɔna siwo gbɔ eme ƒe kpɔɖeŋu ɖekae nye be wowua ahasiwɔlawo kple matrewɔlawo gake woɖe mɔ ɖe srɔ̃ geɖe ɖeɖe ya ŋu eye wode eƒe dzi ƒo kura gɔ̃ hã. Fia Jan ŋutɔ ɖe nyɔnu 16. Esime wo dometɔ ɖeka, si nye Elisabeth Wandscherer bia be wòaɖe mɔ na ye yeadzo le dua me la, wotso ta le enu le dutoƒo.

Toɖeɖe ɖe dua xɔ ɣleti 14, vaseɖe June 1545 me esime wotsrɔ̃ dua. Wotsrɔ̃ Münster ale gbegbe be emenɔlawo megakpɔ nudzɔdzɔ sia tɔgbe teƒe kpɔ o vaseɖe Xexemeʋa II lia wɔɣi. Rothmann si dzo le dua me, gake wolé Fia Jan kple Anabaptisttɔwo ƒe ŋgɔxɔla bubu eve, wowɔ funyafunya wo, eye wowu wo. Wotsɔ woƒe kukuawo de xadzawo me eye wotsɔ wo ku St. Lambert Sɔlemexɔa tame. Seifert ɖe eme be wowɔ esia be “wòanye nuxlɔ̃ame na ame bubu siwo katã adi be yewoahe zitɔtɔ vɛ.” Ẽ, nudede dunyahehe me me tsonuwo dziŋɔ ŋutɔ.

Nukae va dzɔ ɖe Anabaptist ƒuƒoƒo bubuwo dzi? Woti wo yome ƒe geɖe le Europa nutoawo katã me. Togbɔ be Anabaptisttɔ ʋɛ aɖewo nye dzrewɔlawo hã la, wo dometɔ akpa gãtɔ nye ŋutifafamewo. Le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe la, Menno Simons, amesi nye nunɔla tsã, va zu Anabaptisttɔwo ƒe ŋgɔnɔla, eye wova yɔa ƒuƒoƒoa mlɔeba be Mennotɔwo alo yɔa ŋkɔ bubu aɖewo na wo.

Xadza Etɔ̃awo

Ne míagblɔe la, Anabaptisttɔwo nye mawuvɔ̃la siwo dze agbagba be yewoatsɔ Biblia me gɔmeɖosewo awɔ dɔe. Gake zazɛ̃nyahela aɖewo siwo nɔ Münster na Anabaptisttɔwo gblẽ woƒe taɖodzinua ɖi heƒo wo ɖokui ɖe dunyahehe me. Nuwɔna sia na wova zu habɔbɔ si tsia tre ɖe dziɖuɖu ŋu. Esia tae Anabaptist habɔbɔ kple woƒe ƒuƒoƒo si nɔ anyi le titinaɣiyiɣiwo me le Münster ɖo afɔku me.

Wogaɖoa ŋku nudzɔdzɔ dziŋɔ sia si dzɔ anɔ ƒe 500 enye sia dzi kokoko na amedzro siwo yia dua me. Le mɔ ka nu? To xadza etɔ̃ siwo wowɔ kple ga si wotsɔ ku sɔlemexɔa tame dzi.

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]

[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 13]

Wowɔ fu Fia Jan, wowui, hetsɔe ku St. Lambert Sɔlemexɔ tame