Ŋutsu Aɖe Dze Agbagba Vevie be Yeade Biblia Xexlẽ ƒe Dzi Ƒo
Ŋutsu Aɖe Dze Agbagba Vevie be Yeade Biblia Xexlẽ ƒe Dzi Ƒo
Eku le dzogbe si le Siberia ƒe ɣedzeƒe, si dzi fa miamiamia; afimae wodee gaxɔ me heɖi gbɔe le esi woda alakpa ɖe esi ta. Ame ʋɛ aɖewo koe ɖoa ŋku ŋutsu sia dzi be enye amesiwo do wo de Helatɔwo ƒe mawusubɔsubɔnyawo ɖe ŋgɔ la dometɔ ɖeka. Ŋutsu sia si xɔ ŋgɔ wɔ dɔ vevi sia, si dzi ame akpa gãtɔ megaɖoa ŋkui o la ŋkɔe nye Seraphim. Agbagba si wòdze vevie be yeade Biblia xexlẽ ƒe dzi ƒo ye na wowui.
SERAPHIM nɔ agbe le ɣeyiɣi si me Hela nye Ottoman Fiaɖuƒea ƒe akpa aɖe. Le Hela Orthodɔkstɔ agbalẽnyala George Metallinos ƒe nya nu la, “suku gbagbewo menɔ anyi” ɣemaɣi o, eye “ame akpa gãtɔ” siwo dometɔ aɖewo nye sɔlemehakplɔlawo kura gɔ̃ hã “menya agbalẽ nyuie o.”
Vovototo gã aɖe nɔ Koine Helagbe kple Helagbe si ame akpa gãtɔ zãna ɣemaɣi dome, eye vovototo nɔa esi wodona le nuto vovovoawo me hã dome. Vovototoa va lolo ale gbegbe be amewo megava sea Koine si nye Helagbe si me woŋlɔ Kristotɔwo ƒe Hela Ŋɔŋlɔawo ɖo la gɔme o, negbe amesiwo de suku ko. Le nyaʋiʋli si nusia he vɛ me la, Sɔlemeha la tiae be woazã Koine si nye Helagbe si gɔme amewo megasena o la boŋ.
Ɣeyiɣi siawo mee wodzi Stephanos Ioannis Pogonatus le ƒome xɔŋkɔ aɖe me le Hela-ƒukpo Lesbos dzi le ƒe 1670 lɔƒo. Ahedada kple sukumademade bɔ ɖe ƒukpoa dzi. Sukuwo ƒe anyimanɔmanɔ wɔe be Stephanos va de eƒe gɔmedzesuku le afima saɖagaxɔ aɖe me. Le eƒe ɖekakpui me ke la, woɖoe wònye Hela Orthodɔks Sɔlemeha ƒe osɔfoteƒenɔla eye wona ŋkɔe be Seraphim.
Le ƒe 1693 lɔƒo la, Seraphim ƒe didi be yeasrɔ̃ nu geɖe na wòyi Constantinople (si woyɔna fifia be Istanbul, le Turkey). Le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe la, eƒe agbalẽnyanya na be Hela ame ŋkutawo va dea bubu eŋu ŋutɔ. Eteƒe medidi o, Helatɔwo ƒe dulɔ̃habɔbɔ aɖe dɔe ɖe Fiagã Peter the Great gbɔ le Russia. Seraphim ƒe mɔzɔzɔ yi Moscow kple gbɔgbɔ na be wòtsa le Europa dukɔ aɖewo me, eye wòde ha kple amesiwo nɔ ɖɔɖɔɖowo wɔm le subɔsubɔ kple agbalẽsrɔ̃nyawo me le afima. Le ƒe 1698 me la, Seraphim zɔ mɔ yi England eye wòwɔ ɖoɖo vevi aɖewo le London kple Oxford. Wona Seraphim va kpɔ Anglikan Sɔlemeha ƒe Bisiɔpgã le Canterbury, eye wowɔ ɖoɖo siwo ava ɖe vi nɛ emegbe kpuie.
Biblia aɖe Tata
Esime Seraphim nɔ England la, etso nya me be ehiã vevie be “Nubabla Yeye” (Kristotɔwo ƒe Hela Ŋɔŋlɔawo) ƒe gɔmeɖeɖe yeye si gɔme anya se bɔbɔe la nanɔ Helatɔwo si. Seraphim kpɔ saɖagaxɔmenɔla Maximus ƒe gɔmeɖeɖe si xɔ wu ƒe 50 dzi tsɔ ɖe Biblia yeye aɖe si me vodada menɔ o eye emenyawo gɔme sese le bɔbɔe wu la gɔme. Etsɔ dzonɔameme dze eƒe dɔa gɔme, gake eteƒe medidi o ga vɔ le esi. Esime Canterbury
ƒe Bisiɔpgã do ŋugbe be yeana gakpekpeɖeŋui ta la, edze abe eƒe dɔa atsɔ afɔ nyuie ene. Gakpekpeɖeŋua do ŋusẽ Seraphim wòƒle pepa hewɔ ɖoɖo kple agbalẽtala aɖe be wòata Biblia si gɔme yeɖea na ye.Gake Mateo, Marko, kple Luka ƒe agbalẽa ƒe afã tata nu koe gaa de. Emegbe dunyahehe me tɔtrɔ siwo wowɔ le England na be Canterbury ƒe Bisiɔpgã dzudzɔ gakpekpeɖeŋu nanae. Ke hã, Seraphim mena ta o, ke boŋ edi kesinɔtɔwo be woado alɔ ye eye wòdze agbagba wu gɔmeɖeɖe yeyea tata nu le ƒe 1703 me. Nyanyui Kaka le Duta ƒe Habɔbɔ xe gazazãwo ƒe akpa aɖe.
Ŋɔŋlɔa ƒe akpa si woŋlɔ ɖe Helagbe me le gɔmedzedzea me la nɔ Maximus ƒe gɔmeɖeɖea ƒe babla eve siwo do ŋgɔ la me. Elolo eye wònɔ kpekpem. Wota Seraphim ƒe gɔmeɖeɖe yeyea kple nuŋɔŋlɔ siwo le sue wu; Helagbe si wozãna ɣemaɣi me koe woŋlɔe ɖo, enɔ wodzoe wu, eye mexɔ asi hã o.
Ena be Nyaʋiʋlia aɖe Nu Va Sẽ
Agbalẽnyala George Metallinos gblɔ be: “Le nyateƒe me la, gɔmeɖeɖe yeye sia kpɔ amewo ƒe nuhiahiãwo gbɔ nyuie. Ke hã, Seraphim zã mɔnukpɔkpɔa tsɔ ƒo nu tsi tre ɖe subɔsubɔhakplɔla siwo melɔ̃ be woaɖe [Biblia] gɔme o la ŋu.” Esi sɔlemehakplɔlawo xlẽ Seraphim ƒe ŋgɔdonya siwo le gɔmeɖeɖe yeyea me be, ‘ɖe yeta Biblia sia be ne osɔfo kple sɔlemehakplɔla siwo mese [Koine] Helagbea gɔme o xlẽe la, Gbɔgbɔ Kɔkɔea nakpe ɖe wo ŋu woase ŋɔŋlɔ gbãtɔa gɔme ahafiae hamevi siwo nye Kristotɔwo la,’ dzi ku wo vevie ŋutɔ. (The Translation of the Bible Into Modern Greek—During the 19th Century) Seraphim to nuwɔna sia dzi va ƒo eɖokui ɖe nyaʋiʋli sesẽ si nɔ Hela Orthodɔks Sɔlemeha ƒe ŋgɔnɔlawo dome la me.
Sɔlemehaŋgɔnɔlawo dometɔ aɖewo kpɔe be amewo ƒe mawusubɔsubɔ kple agbenɔnɔ anyo nenye be wose Biblia me nyawo gɔme. Wokpɔe hã be ele be subɔsubɔhakplɔlawo ŋutɔ nase Ŋɔŋlɔawo gɔme nyuie wu. Gawu la, amesiwo da asi ɖe edzi be woaɖe Biblia gɔme la xɔe se be ele be woaɖe Ŋɔŋlɔawo me nyateƒewo gɔme ɖe gbegbɔgblɔ ɖesiaɖe me.—Nyaɖeɖefia 7:9.
Amesiwo meda asi ɖe edzi be woaɖe Biblia gɔme o ya gblɔ ayetɔe be ne woɖe Biblia gɔme ɖe gbegbɔgblɔ bubuwo me la, ana be woatɔ tsi eme nyawo eye ana be ŋusẽ maganɔ sɔlemehaa ƒe nufiafiawo ŋu o. Ke hã, nusi wonɔ vɔvɔ̃m na boŋue nye be Protestanttɔwo nɔ Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe yeyeawo zãm tsɔ nɔ nu ƒom tsi tre ɖe Hela Orthodɔks Sɔlemeha ƒe nufiafiawo ŋu. Subɔsubɔhakplɔla geɖe susu be ele be yewoakpɔ egbɔ be yewotsi nuwɔna ɖesiaɖe si ade Protestanttɔwo dzi kple agbagba ɖesiaɖe si dzem wole be woaɖe Biblia gɔme be egɔmesese nanɔ bɔbɔe na amewo la nu. Eyata Biblia gɔmeɖeɖe va zu nyaʋiʋli sesẽ aɖe ɖo Protestanttɔwo kple Orthodɔkstɔwo dome.
Togbɔ be Seraphim meɖoe be yeado le Orthodɔks Sɔlemeha me o hã la, eƒo nu dzinɔameƒotɔe tsi tre ɖe sɔlemehakplɔla siwo medi be woaɖe Biblia gɔme o la ƒe Biblia manyamanya kple woƒe nazãbubu ɖe eyama ŋu la ŋuti. Eŋlɔ ɖe eƒe “Nubabla Yeyea” ƒe ŋgɔdonyawo me be: “Ehiã be Kristotɔ Mawu vɔ̃la ɖesiaɖe naxlẽ Biblia Kɔkɔea,” ale be “wòate ŋu ava zu Kristo srɔ̃la eye wòaɖo to [Kristo] ƒe nufiafiawo.” Seraphim te tɔ ɖe edzi vevie be Abosam gbɔe mɔxexe ɖe Ŋɔŋlɔawo sɔsrɔ̃ nu tso.
Tsitretsiɖeŋua Nu Va Sẽ ɖe Edzi
Esi Seraphim ƒe Biblia gɔmeɖeɖea ɖo Hela la, ena dzi ku Hela Orthodɔks Sɔlemeha la. Woɖo asi gɔmeɖeɖe yeye sia dzi. Wotɔ dzo eƒe tata aɖewo, eye wodo ŋɔdzi na amewo be ne wokpɔ eƒe ɖe le ame aɖe si alo wòxlẽe la, woanyae le sɔlemehaa me. Orthodɔks Sɔlemeha nunɔlagã Gabriel III de se be mele be Seraphim ƒe Biblia gɔmeɖeɖea nakaka o, eye wògblɔ be viɖe aɖeke mele eƒe gɔmeɖeɖea ŋu o eye mehiã hã o.
Togbɔ be dzi meɖe le Seraphim ƒo o hã la, ekpɔe be ehiã be yeaɖɔ ŋu ɖo. Togbɔ be sɔlemehaa ɖo asi eƒe gɔmeɖeɖea dzi hã la, osɔfoawo dometɔ aɖewo kple ame bubuwo ya zãe. Ekpɔ dzidzedze le emama me. Ke hã, ʋiʋli si nɔ
woa kple sɔlemehakplɔlawo dome mekpɔ wu enu haɖe o.Nusi Ava Na Woawui Dze Egɔme
Tsɔ kpe ɖe Biblia mama ŋu la, Seraphim ƒo eɖokui ɖe dziɖuɖu mumu ƒu anyi kple dulɔ̃habɔbɔwo hã me. Be wòate ŋu aɖo taɖodzinu sia gbɔ la, etrɔ yi Moscow le ƒe 1704 ƒe dzomeŋɔli me. Eva zu Peter the Great xɔlɔ̃ vevi aɖe, eye wòva zu nufialagã le Russiatɔwo ƒe Fiahawo ƒe Suku me hena ɣeyiɣi aɖe. Ke hã, esi Seraphim tsi dzi ɖe nusi ate ŋu adzɔ ɖe eƒe Biblia gɔmeɖeɖea dzi ŋu ta la, etrɔ yi Constantinople le ƒe 1705 me.
Le ƒe ma ke me la, Seraphim gbugbɔ ta eƒe Biblia gɔmeɖeɖea eye wòɖe ŋgɔdonya ƒe akpa siwo tsi tre ɖe sɔlemehakplɔlawo ŋu la ɖa le eme. Etsɔ nya siwo de Biblia xexlẽ ƒe dzi ƒo kpe ɖe ŋgɔdonyawo ŋu. Ame geɖe ƒle tata yeye sia, eye nuŋlɔɖi aɖeke meli si fia be sɔlemehakplɔlawo tsi tre ɖe tata yeye sia ŋu o.
Ke hã, le ƒe 1714 me la, Alexander Helladius si nye Helatɔ mɔzɔla aɖe, si tsi tre ɖe Biblia gɔme ɖeɖe ɖe gbegbɔgblɔ bubuwo me ŋu, ƒe nuwɔna de Seraphim ƒe agbe afɔku me vevie. Le eƒe agbalẽ si nye Status Præsens Ecclesiæ Græcæ (Ðoƒe si Hela Sɔlemeha Le Fifia) me la, eƒo nu tsi tre ɖe Biblia gɔmeɖelawo kple woƒe gbegɔmeɖeɖeawo ŋu vevie. Helladius gblɔ le eƒe agbalẽa ƒe ta blibo ɖeka me be, Seraphim nye fiafitɔ, ametafala, agbalẽmanyala, kple agbebaɖanɔla. Ðe nyateƒe aɖe le amenutsonya siawo mea? Agbalẽŋlɔla Stylianos Bairaktaris ɖe nukpɔsusu si nɔ agbalẽnyalawo si ɖe Seraphim ŋu me be enye ‘dɔwɔla kple agbalẽnyala gbãtɔ si ƒe ŋku ʋu’ si ŋu wotsi tre ɖo le esi eƒe nunya de ŋgɔ wu eŋɔlimetɔwo tɔ ta. Ke hã, nya siwo Helladius gblɔ le eƒe agbalẽa me na be Seraphim ƒe agbe nu va tso nublanuitɔe.
Wobu Nazã ɖe Eŋu Vevie
Kaka Seraphim nagatrɔ ayi Russia le ƒe 1731 me la, Peter the Great ku xoxo. Le esia ta la, dukɔa megakpɔ Helatɔ osɔfoteƒenɔla Seraphim ta o. Fianyɔnu Anna Ivanovna si nɔ dzi ɖum ɣemaɣi nɔ ŋudzɔ vevie ɖe nusianu si ate ŋu ahe tɔtɔ ava eƒe fiaɖuƒea me ŋu. Le January 1732 me la, wonɔ wobewobe aɖewo sem le St. Petersburg be Helatɔ ŋkutsala aɖe va nɔ ŋku tsam le dukɔa me. Seraphim ŋue wonɔ nazã bum ɖo. Wolée eye woɖoe ɖe saɖagaxɔ si nɔ Nevsky me be woabia gbee. Helladius ƒe agbalẽ si tso Seraphim nu be ewɔ nu vlo geɖe la ƒe tata ɖeka nɔ afima. Seraphim ŋlɔ agbalẽ etɔ̃ tsɔ ʋli eɖokui tae. Gbebiamea xɔ ɣleti atɔ̃ sɔŋ, eye esesẽ ŋutɔ be Seraphim nado le nya siwo wotsɔ ɖe eŋu la me.
Esi wònye womekpɔ kpeɖodzi gobi aɖeke le nya siwo wotsɔ ɖe Seraphim ŋu me o ta la, wometso kufia nɛ o. Le ameŋugblẽnya siwo Helladius ŋlɔ tso Seraphim ŋu ta la, dziɖuɖua melɔ̃ ɖe asi le eŋu o. Woɖo Helatɔwo ƒe osɔfoteƒenɔla sia ɖe Siberia be wòanɔ afima le eƒe agbenɔɣi katã. Wogblɔ le afiatsonyawo me be “Helladius ƒe nya siwo wògblɔ tso Seraphim ŋu le eƒe agbalẽa me” dzie yewonɔ te ɖo nɔ eɖom ɖe Siberia. Le July 1732 me la, wode ga Seraphim hekplɔe yi Okhotsk gaxɔ dziŋɔa me le Siberia ƒe ɣedzeƒe lɔƒo.
Anɔ abe ƒe etɔ̃ ene megbe la, Seraphim si woɖe ɖe aga heŋlɔ be la, ku. Togbɔ be ɣeaɖewoɣi la, tiatia siwo wòwɔna kple alesi wòwɔa nui mesɔna o hã la, eƒe gɔmeɖeɖea nye Biblia geɖe siwo le egbegbe Helagbe me la dometɔ ɖeka. * Esiawo dometɔ ɖekae nye New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, si le gbegbɔgblɔ gbogbo aɖewo hã me. Míeda akpe vevie be Yehowa Mawu kpɔ eƒe Nya la ta ale be mɔnukpɔkpɔ ʋu na amewo le afisiafi be “nyateƒe ƒe sidzedze” nasu wo si!—Timoteo I, 2:3, 4.
[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]
^ mm. 26 Kpɔ nyati si nye “Biblia Gɔmeɖeɖe ɖe Egbegbe Helagbe me ƒe Ʋiʋli Sesẽ La” le November 15, 2002, ƒe Gbetakpɔxɔ axa 26-9.
[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 12]
Peter the Great
[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 10]
Fotoawo: Courtesy American Bible Society