Mme Bible Usem Hebrew Elias Hutter
NDI emekeme ndikot usem Hebrew oro ẹkedade ẹwet Bible? Anaedi ukemeke. Ekeme ndidi akanam ukwe Bible ke usem Hebrew. Edi etie nte eyenen̄ede ama Bible fo edieke ọfiọkde n̄kpọ aban̄a Elias Hutter emi okodude uwem n̄kpọ nte isua 500 emi ekebede, ye Bible usem Hebrew iba emi enye okosiode.
Elias Hutter akamana ke 1553 ke Görlitz, ekpri obio emi odude ekpere adan̄a Germany, Poland, ye Czech Republic. Enye ama aka Ufọkn̄wed Ntaifiok Lutheran ke Jena ekekpep nsio nsio usem, esịnede Hebrew ye Aramaic. Enye ekedi isua 24 kpọt ke ini ẹkemekde enye prọfesọ usem Hebrew ke Leipzig. Enye ama oyom ẹkpụhọde nte ẹkpepde n̄kpọ ke ufọkn̄wed, ntre nte ini akade, enye ama asiak ufọkn̄wed ke Nuremberg emi ẹkekpepde mme owo usem Hebrew, Greek, Latin, ye German ke ufan̄ isua inan̄ kpọt. Idụhe ufọkn̄wed ntaifiọk ndomokiet emi ẹkesinamde utọ n̄kpọ emi ini oro.
“KPUKPRU N̄KPỌ KE BIBLE EMI EYEYE”
Ke 1587, Hutter ama osio se ẹsikotde Akani Testament ke usem Hebrew. Ẹkekot Bible emi Derekh ha-Kodesh, emi ọwọrọde “Usụn̄ Edisana Ido.” Ẹkeda enyịn̄ emi ẹto Isaiah 35:8. Nte ẹkewetde Bible emi ama ọfọn tutu owo kiet ọdọhọ ke “kpukpru n̄kpọ ke Bible emi eyeye.” Edi se ikanamde Bible emi edi n̄wọrọnda edi ke enye ama enen̄ede an̄wam nditọ ufọkn̄wed ẹkpep usem Hebrew.
Yak itịn̄ mfịna iba emi owo ekemede ndinyene ke ini enye oyomde ndikpep usem Hebrew, ndien emi ayanam ifiọk nte Bible Hutter ekenen̄erede an̄wam mme owo. Akpa, mme abisi Hebrew itiehe nte mme abisi usem eken. Ọyọhọ iba, edieke ẹmende ikọ oro owo ọdiọn̄ọde ẹdian ye ikọ en̄wen, ekeme ndisọn̄ owo ndidiọn̄ọ ikọ oro. Ke uwụtn̄kpọ, ikọ Hebrew oro, נפשׁ (m̀mê ne’phesh) ke ẹsikabade nte “ukpọn̄.” Ke Ezekiel 18:4, ẹmen abisi emi ה (ha) ẹdian ye ikọ oro, ndien ikọ oro editie ntem, הנפשׁ (han·ne’phesh), emi ọwọrọde “ukpọn̄ oro.” Ntre, edieke owo emi ekpepde-kpep usem Hebrew okụtde הנפשׁ (han·ne’phesh), enye ekeme ndikere ke edi ikọ en̄wen, idịghe נפשׁ (ne’phesh) emi enye ọdiọn̄ọde.
Enyene se Hutter akanamde man nditọ ufọkn̄wed esie ẹfiọk usem Hebrew. Enye ama esiwet ndusụk ikọ Hebrew ke ndodobi ubọkn̄wed onyụn̄ ewet n̄kpri n̄kpri ikọ oro ẹsimende-men ẹdian ye ikọ ke mfefere ubọkn̄wed. Emi ama anam nditọ ufọkn̄wed oro ẹsọsọp ẹfiọk mme ikọ Hebrew. Se ẹnyụn̄ * Ẹsiwet ikọ ke ndodobi ubọkn̄wed ẹnyụn̄ ẹwet n̄kpri n̄kpri ikọ oro ẹsimende-men ẹdian ye ikọ ke mfefere ubọkn̄wed. Ndise emi odude ke page emi ayanam ọfiọk se itịn̄de emi. Ndise emi owụt nte ẹkewetde ndusụk ikọ ke ndodobi ubọkn̄wed ke Bible Hutter ke Ezekiel 18:4 ye nte ẹnyụn̄ ẹnamde emi ke ikọ idakisọn̄ emi odude ke ukem itien̄wed oro ke New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References.
ẹnamde edi oro ke mme ikọ idakisọn̄ emi ẹdude ke New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References.“OBUFA TESTAMENT” KE USEM HEBREW
Hutter ama emịn̄ se ẹsikotde Obufa Testament. Ẹkewet nsio nsio usem 12 ke Bible emi. Ẹkesio Bible emi ke Nuremberg ke 1599, ntre ẹsiwak ndikot enye Nuremberg Polyglot. Hutter ama oyom nditiene nsịn N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek emi ẹkekabarede ẹsịn ke usem Hebrew, edi enye ikekwe. Enye ọkọdọhọ ke ekpedi ima ikụt, ke ikpekedep ọkpọkọm akpa nso. * Ntem, enye ama ọtọn̄ọ ndikabade Obufa Testament nsịn ke usem Hebrew. Enye ama esịn idem akabade Bible oro onyụn̄ okụre ke ufan̄ isua kiet kpọt!
Ndi N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek emi Hutter akakabarede esịn ke usem Hebrew ama ọfọn? Ke 1891, Franz Delitzsch, ataifiọk emi ekesinamde ndụn̄ọde aban̄a usem Hebrew, ọkọdọhọ ke nte Hutter akakabarede Obufa Testament esịn ke usem Hebrew owụt ke enye ama enen̄ede ọdiọn̄ọ usem oro, ke Bible esie emi osụk an̄wan̄wam mme owo tutu esịm emi sia nte enye okobonde ikọ enen onyụn̄ an̄wan̄a owo.
KE ẸNYENYENE UFỌN
Bible emi Hutter okosiode ikanamke enye oforo; etie nte ediwak owo ikedepke Bible esie. Edi mme Bible esie emi ẹsụk ẹnyenyene ufọn. Ke uwụtn̄kpọ, William Robertson ama okpụhọde ndusụk n̄kpọ ke Bible Hutter onyụn̄ emịn̄ ke 1661. Ndien ke 1798, Richard Caddick ama afiak okpụhọde n̄kpọ ke Bible oro onyụn̄ emịn̄. Sia Hutter akakabarede Bible esie oto akpasarade usem Greek, enye ekesiwet mme udori-enyịn̄ oro Kyʹri·os (Ọbọn̄) ye The·osʹ (Abasi) nte “Jehovah” (יהוה, JHVH) ke ebiet emi enye ọdiọn̄ọde ke se ẹtịn̄de do oto N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew m̀mê ke ebiet emi enye ekerede ke mme udori-enyịn̄ oro ẹnyene Jehovah. Eti n̄kpọ ke Hutter akanam emi sia ediwak mbon oro ẹkekabarede Obufa Testament ikesịnke enyịn̄ Abasi. Edi Hutter ama esịn enyịn̄ Abasi ke Obufa Testament oro enye akakabarede esịn ke usem Hebrew, ndien Bible esie oro etiene owụt ke enyịn̄ Abasi ama esịne ke ata akpa N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek.
Ntre, ke ini okotde Bible okokụt enyịn̄ Abasi, Jehovah, ke N̄wed Abasi Usem Greek, mbọk ti Elias Hutter ye mme Bible usem Hebrew emi enye okosiode.
^ ikp. 7 Se ọyọhọ ikọ idakisọn̄ iba ke Ezekiel 18:4 ye Appendix 3B ke New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References.
^ ikp. 9 Mme owo ẹma ẹkakabade Obufa Testament ẹsịn ke usem Hebrew. Ke n̄kpọ nte 1360, Simon Atoumanos ama akabade Obufa Testament esịn ke usem Hebrew. Ke n̄kpọ nte 1565, Oswald Schreckenfuchs, eyen Germany, ama akabade esie. Edi owo ikemịn̄ke mme Bible emi, ntre mmọ idụhe aba mfịn.