Melito eke Sardis—Ndi Enye Ama Ada Ọnọ Akpanikọ Bible?

ATA mme Christian ẹsinịm Udia Mbubịteyo Ọbọn̄ kpukpru isua ke usenọfiọn̄ oro asan̄ade ekekem ye Nisan 14 ke n̄wed usenọfiọn̄ mme Hebrew. Mmọ ẹsinam ewụhọ Jesus emi: “Ẹka iso ẹnam emi nditi mi.” Ekedi kpa ke Nisan 14 oro ke isua 33 E.N. ke Jesus ọkọtọn̄ọ Editi n̄kpa uwa esie ke enye ama ekenịm Passover. Enye ama akpa mbemiso utịt usen oro.—Luke 22:19, 20; 1 Corinth 11:23-28.

Ke ọyọhọ isua ikie iba E.N., ndusụk owo ẹma ẹtọn̄ọ ndikpụhọ ini oro ẹkesinịmde Editi ye nte ẹkesinịmde enye. Ke Asia Minor, ẹma ẹka iso ndinịm Editi ke usen emi Jesus akakpade. Nte ededi, nte n̄wed ndụn̄ọde kiet ọdọhọde, “ekedi ido ke Rome ye Alexandria nditi ediset ke n̄kpa Christ ke Sunday oro eketienede,” ẹnyụn̄ ẹkot enye Passover Ediset ke N̄kpa. Otu kiet oro ẹkefiọkde nte mbon Quartodeciman (Mbon Ọyọhọ Usen Duopenan̄) ẹma ẹsọn̄ọ ẹyịre ke ẹnyene ndinịm Editi n̄kpa Jesus Christ ke Nisan 14. Melito eke Sardis ama enyịme ukpepn̄kpọ oro. Melito ekedi anie? Didie ke enye akada ọnọ akpanikọ Bible emi ye mme akpanikọ Bible eken?

‘Owo Oro Akadade Ntatenyịn Edi’

Ke utịt ọyọhọ isua ikie iba, Eusebius eke Caesarea ama ewet ke n̄wed esie oro Ecclesiastical History ete ke Polycrates eke Ephesus ama ọnọ leta ẹka Rome ndida nsọn̄ọ ke edinịm “Passover ke ọyọhọ usen duopenan̄ nte Gospel owụtde, inyụn̄ idehedei inịm ke usen efen, edi ẹnịm nte ewụhọ Ido Ukpono Christ etemede.” Nte leta emi okowụtde, Melito—Bishop eke Sardis ke Lydia—ama esịne ke otu mbon oro ẹkedọhọde ke Nisan 14 edi usen oro ẹnyenede nditi. Leta oro ama etịn̄ ke mbon eyo Melito ẹkeda enye nte kiet ke otu ‘mbon oro ẹkedade ntatenyịn ẹdi, oro ẹma ẹkekpan̄a.’ Polycrates ọkọdọhọ ke Melito ikọdọhọ ndọ ye nte ke enye “ama ayak Edisana Spirit akara ofụri uwem esie, ndien ke enye obụhọ ke Sardis ebet ikot esie ke heaven ke ini emi enye edisetde ke n̄kpa.” Emi ekeme ndiwọrọ ke Melito ekesịne ke otu mbon oro ẹkenịmde ke mme owo idisetke ke n̄kpa ibọhọke Christ afiak edi.—Ediyarade 20:1-6.

 Ntre, etie nte Melito ekedi owo emi ekenyenede uko ye iwụk. Ke nditịm ntịn̄, enye ekewet n̄wed Apology ke ntak emi akadade ọnọ mme Christian, ndien n̄wed emi ekedi kiet ke otu ata akpa n̄wed Apology oro akanam ẹwetde ẹnọ ẹsọk Marcus Aurelius, Akwa Edidem oro akakarade Rome ọtọn̄ọde ke isua 161 E.N. esịm isua 180 E.N. Melito ikokopke ndịk ndida nnọ Ido ukpono Christ nnyụn̄ nsua nnọ ndiọi owo ye mbon idiọkitọn̄. Mme utọ owo oro ẹma ẹsibọ odudu ẹto edidem ndikọbọ nnyụn̄ n̄wot mme Christian oro mîkeduehe man ẹyịp inyene mmọ.

Melito ekewet uko uko ọnọ edidem ete: “Eben̄e kiet emi ke inịm fi ke iso, ite afo ke idemfo odụn̄ọde mbon oro [mme Christian] ẹnamde mme owo ẹsịn ntịme emi, onyụn̄ ebiere nte enende m̀mê mmọ ẹdot ufen ye n̄kpa mîdịghe m̀mê ẹdot ndidu uwem nnyụn̄ nnyene ifụre. Edi, edieke mîdịghe afo ọnọ ibet onyụn̄ owụk obufa ewụhọ emi mîkam idotke ẹwụk ata ndiọi asua mi, nnyịn imenen̄ede ikpe fi ubọk ite okûyak nnyịn usịn ke ubọk mme abiatibet emi ẹkọbọde nnyịn ibak ibak.”

Ndida N̄wed Abasi Nda Nnọ Ido Ukpono Christ

Melito ama enen̄ede enyene udọn̄ ndikpep Edisana N̄wed Abasi. Nnyịn ifiọkke kpukpru n̄wed oro enye ekewetde, edi ndusụk enyịn̄ n̄wed esie ẹwụt udọn̄ oro enye ekenyenede aban̄a Bible. Ndusụk n̄wed oro ẹdi, On Christian Life and the Prophets, On the Faith of Man, On Creation, On Baptism and Truth and Faith and Christ’s Birth, On Hospitality, The Key, ye On the Devil and the Apocalypse of John.

Melito ke idemesie ama aka mme obio oro ẹketiede ẹwet Bible man okodụn̄ọde ọfiọk nnennen ibat n̄wed oro ẹnamde N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew. Enye ekewet ntem aban̄a emi: “Ntre, ke ini n̄kakade Edem Usiahautịn n̄kodu ke ebiet oro ẹkekwọrọde ẹnyụn̄ ẹnamde mme n̄kpọ emi, ndien ke mma n̄kọfiọk ibat  n̄wed oro ẹdude ke Akani Testament nnennen nnennen nnyụn̄ n̄wet mmọ nnịm, mma nnọ mmọ ẹsọk fi.” N̄wed emi isiakke n̄wed Nehemiah ye Esther, edi mme inua-okot Christian ẹdọhọ ke enye edi mbịghi-n̄kan ke otu mme n̄wed oro ẹwetde mme enyịn̄ n̄wed emi ẹnamde N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew.

Ke ini ndụn̄ọde emi, Melito ama atan̄ ediwak ufan̄ikọ oro ẹdude ke N̄wed Abasi Usem Hebrew oro ẹdide ntịn̄nnịm ikọ ẹban̄ade Jesus, adian kiet. N̄wed Melito emi ẹkotde Extracts, owụt ke Jesus ekedi Messiah oro ẹketiede ẹbet ke anyan ini, ndien ke Ibet Moses ye mme Prọfet ẹkeban̄a Christ.

Ndida Nnọ Ufọn Ufak

Ata ediwak mme Jew ẹma ẹdu ke ikpọ obio Asia Minor. Mme Jew ke Sardis, emi Melito okodụn̄de, ẹma ẹsinịm Passover mme Jew ke Nisan 14. Melito ama ewet utịn̄ikọ oro ẹkotde The Passover emi okowụtde ke Passover oro ẹkenịmde ke idak Ibet ama enen onyụn̄ owụt ke enen mme Christian ẹnịm Udia Mbubịteyo Ọbọn̄ ke Nisan 14.

Ke Melito ama eketịn̄ mme n̄kpọ oro ẹdude ke Exodus ibuot 12 onyụn̄ owụt ke Passover akada aban̄a uwa Christ, enye ama anam an̄wan̄a ntak oro mîwụtke ifiọk mme Christian ndinịm Passover. Emi ekedi koro Abasi ama abiat Ibet Moses efep. Ekem enye ama owụt ntak oro ẹkeyomde uwa Christ: Abasi ekesịn Adam ke Paradise man enye okpodu inem inem uwem. Edi akpa owo oro ama esịn ndinam ewụhọ oro okowụkde enye ete okûdia mfri eto ifiọk eti ye idiọk. Oro akanam ẹyom ufak.

Melito ama afiak anam an̄wan̄a ke ẹkenọ Jesus edi isọn̄ edikpa ke eto ndutụhọ man afak ubonowo oro enịmde enye ke akpanikọ osio ke idiọkn̄kpọ ye n̄kpa. Edi n̄kpọ inemesịt ndifiọk ke Melito akada ikọ Greek emi xylon, emi ọwọrọde “eto,” ke ini enye ekewetde aban̄a eto oro ẹkedade ẹwot Jesus.—Utom 5:30; 10:39; 13:29.

Ikedịghe ke Asia Minor kpọt ke ẹkefiọk Melito. Tertullian, Clement eke Alexandria, ye Origen ẹma ẹsikot mme n̄wed esie. Edi, Raniero Cantalamessa, ewetmbụk eset, ọkọdọhọ ete: “Iduọ Melito, emi akanamde mme n̄wed esie ẹtọn̄ọ ndisomo, ọkọtọn̄ọ ke ini edinam Passover Sunday ama ekenen̄ede omụm isọn̄, ke ini emi ẹketọn̄ọde ndida mbon Quartodeciman nte mme ekpep isio ukpepn̄kpọ.” Ke akpatre, mme n̄wed Melito ẹma ẹkpere ndisomo mma.

Ndi Melito Ekedi Owo Mfiakedem?

Ke mme apostle ẹma ẹkekpan̄a, mfiakedem oro ẹketịn̄de ẹban̄a ama ọtọn̄ọ ndidụk Ido Ukpono Christ. (Utom 20:29, 30) Nte an̄wan̄ade, emi ama otụk Melito. Enye ekewet n̄wed esie nte ẹkesiwetde n̄kpọ ke ukpepn̄kpọ akwaifiọk Greece ye Rome. Ekeme ndidi oro akanam Melito okot Ido Ukpono Christ “ukpepn̄kpọ akwaifiọk nnyịn.” Enye ekekere n̄ko ke ndibuak inua-okot Ido Ukpono Christ ye Obio Ukara Rome ekedi “akakan uyarade ndiwụt . . . ke n̄kpọ ọfọn.”

Ke akpanikọ, Melito ikanamke item apostle Paul emi: “Ẹkpeme idem: mbak edidi odu owo eke edidade ukpepn̄kpọ akwaifiọk owo ye ikpîkpu abian̄a obụme mbufo nte asan̄ade ekekem ye item owo, nte asan̄ade ekekem ye mme akpa n̄kpọ eke ererimbot inyụn̄ isan̄ake ikekem ye Christ.” Mmọdo, okposụkedi Melito akadade ọnọ akpanikọ Bible ke ndusụk udomo, enye ikadaha inọ ata ediwak akpanikọ Bible.—Colossae 2:8.

[Ndise ke page 18]

Jesus ọkọtọn̄ọ Udia Mbubịteyo Ọbọn̄ ke Nisan 14