WIEMƆI nɛɛ ni Maŋtsɛ Solomon ni hiɛ kã shi lɛ ŋma yɛ blema lɛ hãa wɔnaa bɔ ni adesai naa wala amɛhãa lɛ faŋŋ. Akɛni wɔwala sɛɛ etsɛɛɛ ni mɔ ko mɔ ko nyɛŋ ejo gbele naa foi hewɔ lɛ, yɛ afii ohai abɔ ni eho lɛ amli fɛɛ lɛ, adesai shweɔ akɛ amɛwala sɛɛ atsɛ fe bɔ ni eji lɛ. No hewɔ lɛ, yɛ afii akpei abɔ ni eho lɛ amli fɛɛ lɛ, amɛtee nɔ amɛtao gbɛ ko ni amɛbaatsɔ nɔ amɛhã amɛwala sɛɛ atsɛ waa.

Susumɔ Sumerbii lɛ amaŋtsɛ ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Gilgamesh lɛ he okwɛ. Ayɛ adesãi srɔtoi ni kɔɔ ewala shihilɛ he. Adesãi nɛɛ ateŋ ekome ko ni sɛɛ kɛ waa lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ, Gilgamesh fã gbɛ ko ni yɔɔ oshãra waa koni eyatao nɔ ni baahã ejo gbele naa foi. Shi eyayeee omanye.

Aaafee afii 2,400 ni eho nɛ lɛ, jeŋ shikpalɔi ni atsɛɔ amɛ alchemists ni yɔɔ China lɛ ka akɛ amɛbaafee tsofa ko ni baahã mɔ wala sɛɛ atsɛ. Amɛfee tsofa ko ni yɔɔ nuinui ni mercury kɛ arsenic fioo yɛ mli. Asusuɔ akɛ tsofa nɛɛ gbe blema China nɔyelɔi lɛ ekomɛi. Jeŋ shikpalɔi nɛɛ ateŋ mɛi komɛi ni hi shi yɛ blema, yɛ Yuropa lɛ hu ka akɛ amɛbaafee shika tsuru bɔ ni baahã anyɛ akɔ lɛ tamɔ tsofa, ejaakɛ amɛsusu akɛ, akɛni ebɔɔɔ ŋkanale hewɔ lɛ, ebaanyɛ ehã adesai awala sɛɛ atsɛ fe bɔ ni eji lɛ.

Jeŋ shikpalɔi ni kaseɔ kooloi kɛ tsei ahe nii kɛ bɔ ni feɔ ni wɔnáa gbɔmɔtsoŋ sui komɛi kɛjɛɔ wɔfɔlɔi adɛŋ lɛ ateŋ mɛi komɛi miitao amɛnu nɔ hewɔ ni wɔgbɔlɔɔ lɛ shishi. Enɛ hãa wɔnaa akɛ, loloolo lɛ adesai miishwe waa ni amɛna bɔ ni amɛbaafee ni amɛkagbɔlɔ ni amɛgboi. Shi mɛni amɛna yɛ amɛniiamlitaomɔ lɛ mli?

Jeŋ shikpalɔi ni kaseɔ adesai awala yibii ahe nii lɛ kɛ niiamlitsɔɔmɔi ni fa fe 300 ehã yɛ nɔ hewɔ ni wɔgbɔlɔɔ ni wɔgboiɔ lɛ he. Nyɛsɛɛ nɛɛ, amɛteŋ mɛi komɛi nyɛ amɛfee tsakemɔi yɛ kooloi kɛ adesai awala yibii komɛi amli yɛ amɛnitsumɔhei lɛ (laboratory), ni no hã wala yibii nɛɛ hi shi be kplaŋŋ fe bɔ ni akpaa gbɛ. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, niiatsɛmɛi komɛi ehã jeŋ shikpalɔi shika koni amɛtao nɔ hewɔ ni wɔgboiɔ lɛ mli. Mɛni amɛnyɛ amɛfee?

Mɔdɛŋ ni abɔɔ koni wala sɛɛ atsɛ. Nɔ ko yɛ wala yibii mli ni atsɛɔ lɛ chromosome, ni jeŋ shikpalɔi komɛi heɔ amɛyeɔ akɛ, chromosome lɛ lei ni atsɛɔ lɛ telomere lɛ ji nɔ ni hãa wɔgbɔlɔɔ lɛ. Be ni wala yibii lɛ yaa nɔ amɛjaraa amɛhe mli lɛ, telomere lɛ kwɛɔ koni gbɔmɔtsoŋ sui ni wɔná kɛjɛ wɔfɔlɔi adɛŋ lɛ he saji ni yɔɔ wala yibii lɛ amli lɛ akalaaje. Shi be fɛɛ be ni wala yibii ko baaja ehe  mli lɛ, telomere lɛ kɛlɛ lɛ nɔ gbɔɔ. Eshɛɔ he ko ni wala yibii lɛ jaraaa amɛhe mli dɔŋŋ, kɛkɛ lɛ wɔbɔi gbɔɔ.

Yoo ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Elizabeth Blackburn ni ná Nobel jweremɔnɔ lɛ eko yɛ afi 2009 mli lɛ, kɛ kuu ni ekɛtsuɔ nii lɛ kpa shi amɛna akɛ, nɔ ko (enzyme) yɛ wala yibii mli ni hãaa telomere lɛ nɔ agbɔ mramra, ni kɛ́ eba lɛ nakai lɛ wala yibii lɛ hiɔ shi tsɛɔ. Shi amɛwie hu akɛ, telomere lɛ “hãaa wɔwala sɛɛ atsɛ yɛ naakpɛɛ gbɛ nɔ​—amɛhãaa wɔhi shi be kplaŋŋ fe bɔ ni akpaa gbɛ lɛ.”

Nɔ kroko ni jeŋ shikpalɔi miifee koni wɔkagbɔlɔ ji nɔ ni atsɛɔ lɛ cellular reprogramming lɛ. Kɛ́ wɔwala yibii lɛ jara amɛhe mli kɛyashɛ he ni amɛnyɛɛɛ nakai amɛfee dɔŋŋ lɛ, wala yibii ni buɔ wɔhe kɛjeɔ hela he lɛ tsuuu nii jogbaŋŋ, ni no hãa asane tsɛ̃ɔ wɔ, wɔhe ko waa wɔhe be kplaŋŋ, ni hela mɔɔ wɔ. Nyɛsɛɛ nɛɛ, jeŋ shikpalɔi komɛi ni yɔɔ France lɛ jie wala yibii yɛ mɛi komɛi ni eye fe afii 100 lɛ amli, ni amɛtsake bɔ ni wala yibii nɛɛ yɔɔ lɛ. Nilelɔ kpanaa ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Jean-Marc Lemaître ni nyiɛ kuu ni fee niiamlitaomɔ nɛɛ hiɛ lɛ wie akɛ, enɛ tsɔɔ akɛ abaanyɛ ahã wala yibii ni ekpa amɛhe mli jaramɔ lɛ abɔi nakai feemɔ ekoŋŋ.

Jeŋ shikpalɔi pii kɛɛ eyɛ mli akɛ aafee nibii babaoo koni wɔwala sɛɛ atsɛ fe bɔ ni akpaa gbɛ lɛ moŋ, shi wɔnyɛŋ wɔhi shi wɔtsɛ fe nakai. Eji anɔkwale akɛ, wɔhiɔ shi wɔtsɛɔ fe mɛi ni hi shi dani afi 1800 lɛ shɛ. Shi nɔ titri hewɔ ni ebaa lɛ nakai lɛ ji akɛ, amrɔ nɛɛ wɔhiɛɔ wɔhe falefale, wɔle bɔ ni amɔɔ tsɛŋemɔ helai anaa, ni wɔle bɔ ni atsaa helai pii fe tsutsu lɛ. Jeŋ shikpalɔi ni kaseɔ wala yibii ahe nii lɛ ekomɛi susuɔ akɛ, afii abɔ ni esa akɛ adesai aye lɛ nɔŋŋ wɔyeɔ bianɛ lɛ.

Aaafee afii 3,500 ni eho nɛ lɛ, Biblia ŋmalɔ Mose wie akɛ: “Wɔwala afii lɛ, afii 70 ni, ni kɛ́ wɔyɛ gbɔmɔtsoŋ hewalɛ lɛ, afii 80. Shi amɛmli eyi kɛ haomɔ kɛ awerɛho; amɛhoɔ kɛyaa oya, ni wɔfilikiɔ kɛyaa.” (Lala 90:10) Mɔdɛŋ ni adesai bɔɔ koni wɔwala sɛɛ atsɛ lɛ fɛɛ sɛɛ lɛ, nibii miiya lɛ tamɔ bɔ ni Mose wie lɛ nɔŋŋ.

Nɔ ni tamɔɔɔ nakai lɛ, aŋme henɔ ko kɛ adɔde henɔ ko yeɔ fe afii 200, ni tsei tamɔ giant sequoia baanyɛ ahi shi afii akpei abɔ. Kɛ́ wɔkɛ wɔwala sɛɛtsɛlɛ to bɔɔ nii nɛɛ kɛ bɔɔ nii krokomɛi anɔ he lɛ, ekolɛ wɔbaabi wɔhe akɛ, ‘Ani abɔ wɔ ni wɔye afii 70 loo 80 pɛ ni wɔgboi?’