Origen—Te Etsɔɔmɔ lɛ Ná Sɔlemɔ lɛ Nɔ Hewalɛ Eha Tɛŋŋ?

“Sɔlemɔ lɛ nuntsɔ ni fe fɛɛ yɛ Bɔfoi lɛ agbele sɛɛ.” Nɛkɛ ji bɔ ni Jerome, ni tsɔɔ Latin Vulgate Biblia lɛ shishi lɛ, jie afii ohai etɛ lɛ mli Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ he nilelɔ Origen yi eha. Shi jeee mɔ fɛɛ mɔ jie bulɛ ni mli kwɔ ni tamɔ nɛkɛ kpo etsɔɔ Origen. Mɛi komɛi buɔ lɛ akɛ shishifã fɔŋ ko ni tsɔɔmɔi ni jeee sɔlemɔ lɛ nɔ̃ lɛ jɛ mli kɛba. Taakɛ afii ohai 17 lɛ mli niŋmalɔ ko wie lɛ, mɛi ni wieɔ shiɔ Origen lɛ wie kɛ nɔmimaa akɛ: “Kɛ abaawie he yɛ gbɛ ni mli lɛɛ nɔ lɛ etsɔɔmɔ lɛ ji nɔ ni shishinumɔ bɛ mli ni eyeɔ awui, etamɔ Onufu ko ebɔɔ ni nyɛɔ egbeɔ mɔ, ní eshwe ewo je lɛ mli.” Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, nɔ ni fe afii ohai ejwɛ yɛ Origen gbele sɛɛ lɛ, awie ehe tɛ̃ɛ akɛ jamɔŋ atuatselɔ.

MƐNI hewɔ Origen tée hiɛsɔɔ kɛ hetsɛ henumɔ fɛɛ shi lɛ? Mɛɛ hewalɛ ená yɛ sɔlemɔ lɛ tsɔɔmɔ lɛ hiɛyaa nɔ?

Ekãafeemɔ Kɛha Sɔlemɔ Lɛ

Afɔ́ Origen aaafee afi 185 Ŋ.B. yɛ Mizraim maŋtiase ni ji Alexandria lɛ mli. Ená Hela woji amli tsɔsemɔ ko ni mɔɔ shi, shi etsɛ, Leonides, nyɛ enɔ koni ekɛ nakai mɔdɛŋbɔɔ lɛ nɔŋŋ awo Ŋmalɛi lɛ akasemɔ mli. Beni Origen ye afii 17 lɛ, Roma maŋtsɛ lɛ wo akpɔ ko akɛ eji tɔmɔ akɛ mɔ ko aaatsake ejamɔ. Awo Origen tsɛ tsuŋ ejaakɛ ebatsɔ Kristofonyo. Ákɛ mɔ ni eyi obɔ kɛ oblahiaŋ ekãa lɛ, Origen tswa efai shi akɛ ebaaya eyafata ehe yɛ tsuŋwoohe lɛ, ni ebaafata ehe ákɛ lá odasefonyo. Akɛni Origen nyɛ na enɛ hewɔ lɛ, ekɛ etadei lɛ yato koni ekɛtsĩ enaa ni ekashi shia. Origen tsɔ woloŋmaa nɔ ekpa etsɛ fai akɛ: “Kwɛmɔ jogbaŋŋ ní okatsake ojwɛŋmɔ yɛ wɔ hewɔ.” Leonides damɔ shi shiŋŋ ni agbe lɛ, ni eshi eweku lɛ ni efee shwɛm. Shi Origen etee hiɛ saŋŋ yɛ enikasemɔ lɛ mli momo bɔ ni ebaanyɛ ekɛkwɛ enyɛ kɛ enyɛmimɛi hii bibii ekpaa lɛ kɛtsɔ Hela woji amli nitsɔɔmɔ nɔ.

Maŋtsɛ lɛ yiŋtoo ji koni eku Kristojamɔ ni gbɛɔ eshwãa lɛ naa. Akɛni efamɔ lɛ tutuaaa nikaselɔi pɛ kɛkɛ shi moŋ tsɔɔlɔi hu hewɔ lɛ, Kristofoi ajamɔ mli tsɔɔlɔi lɛ fɛɛ jo foi kɛshi Alexandria. Beni mɛi ni jeee Kristofoi ni taoɔ Ŋmalɛ mli tsɔsemɔ lɛ kpa oblanyo Origen fai kɛha yelikɛbuamɔ lɛ, ekpɛlɛ nɛkɛ nitsumɔ nɛɛ nɔ akɛ eji nitsumɔ ni jɛ Nyɔŋmɔ ŋɔɔ. Enikaselɔi lɛ ateŋ mɛi pii gboi akɛ lá odasefoi, ni amɛteŋ mɛi komɛi po gboi dani amɛgbe amɛ nikasemɔ lɛ naa. Origen wo enikaselɔi lɛ hewalɛ yɛ faŋŋ mli yɛ oshara kpeteŋkpele naa, kɛji amɛdamɔ kojolɔ ko hiɛ jio, tsuŋwoo mli jio, loo abaagbe amɛ jio. Afii ohai ejwɛ lɛ mli yinɔsaneŋmalɔ Eusebius bɔ amaniɛ akɛ beni akɛ amɛ yaa ni ayagbe amɛ lɛ, Origen “kɛ ekãa kpele ŋá amɛ kɛ naashɔmɔ.”

Origen ha mɛi ni jeee Kristofoi lɛ ateŋ mɛi babaoo amli fu lɛ, mɛi ni kɛɛ amɛnanemɛi lɛ atsakemɔ kɛ amɛgbele jɛ lɛ lɛ. Bei pii lɛ eshwɛɔ sharao ni asafoi ni feɔ basabasa atutua lɛ ní egbo yiwalɛ  gbele. Eyɛ mli akɛ enɛ nyɛ enɔ ni eshiɔ shia kome mli kɛya ekroko mli koni ekɛjo mɛi ni tiuɔ lɛ lɛ anaa foi moŋ, shi Origen nijiaŋ ejeee wui yɛ enitsɔɔmɔ lɛ mli. Demetrius ni ji osɔfonukpa ni yɔɔ Alexandria lɛ ná ekãafeemɔ kɛ hetuu-kɛhamɔ ni tamɔ nɛkɛ lɛ he miishɛɛ. No hewɔ lɛ, beni Origen ye afii 18 pɛ lɛ, Demetrius hala lɛ akɛ skul kɛha jamɔ mli nitsɔɔmɔ lɛ nɔkwɛlɔ yɛ Alexandria.

Yɛ naagbee lɛ, Origen batsɔ woloŋlelɔ ko ni ale lɛ waa kɛ niŋmalɔ ko ni he esa waa. Mɛi komɛi kɛɛ eŋmala woji 6,000, eyɛ mli akɛ ekolɛ etamɔ nɔ ni enɛ ji sane ni awo he. Ehé gbɛi waa yɛ Hexapla, ni ji Hebri Ŋmalɛi lɛ ni da agbo ni hiɛ kpoi 50 lɛ ni eŋma lɛ hewɔ. Origen to Hexapla lɛ naa yɛ baafai mlijaai ekpaa mli, nɔ ni hiɛ: (1) Hebri kɛ Aramaik ŋmalɛ lɛ, (2) nakai ŋmalɛ lɛ shishitsɔɔmɔ ŋmiiŋmi yɛ Hela mli, (3) Aquila Hela shishitsɔɔmɔ, (4) Symmachus Hela shishitsɔɔmɔ, (5) Hela Septuagint lɛ, ní Origen fee lɛ ehee koni ekɛ Hebri ŋmalɛ lɛ akpã gbee pɛpɛɛpɛ lɛ, kɛ (6) Theodotion Hela shishitsɔɔmɔ lɛ. Biblia mli woloŋlelɔ John Hort ŋma akɛ: “Kɛtsɔ nɛkɛ ŋmalɛi nɛɛ kɛtsaramɔ nɔ lɛ, Origen kpa gbɛ akɛ ebaaha emli wiemɔi lɛ babaoo ní ekolɛ no baaha Hela nikanelɔ ko hiɛ afee lɛ yaa loo ebaaha edu gbɛ kɛji eyɛ Septuagint lɛ pɛ eko lɛ shishinumɔ afee faŋŋ.”

‘Ní Aaafee Nii Kɛteke Nɔ ni Aŋma Lɛ’

Shi kɛlɛ, jamɔ shihilɛ ni efutu yɛ afii ohai etɛ lɛ mli lɛ ná gbɛ ni Origen tsɔɔ nɔ etsuɔ Ŋmalɛi lɛ amli tsɔɔmɔi ahe nii lɛ nɔ hewalɛ waa. Eyɛ mli akɛ no mli lɛ Kristendom eje shishi bibioo kwraa moŋ, shi akɛ hemɔkɛyelii ni damɔɔɔ ŋmalɛ nɔ ebule lɛ momo, ni emli sɔlemɔi ní egbɛ eshwã lɛ miitsɔɔ tsɔɔmɔi srɔtoisrɔtoi.

Origen kpɛlɛ nɛkɛ tsɔɔmɔi ni damɔɔɔ ŋmalɛ nɔ nɛɛ ateŋ ekomɛi anɔ, ni etsɛ́ tsɔɔmɔi nɛɛ akɛ bɔfoi lɛ atsɔɔmɔ. Shi enu he akɛ eyɛ heyeli ni ekɛaasusu sanebimɔi krokomɛi ahe. No mli lɛ, enikaselɔi lɛ ateŋ mɛi babaoo kɛ jeŋ nilee mli saji ni yɔɔ lɛ miishi mple yɛ nakai beaŋ. Yɛ mɔdɛŋ ni Origen bɔ koni ekɛye ebua amɛ lɛ mli lɛ, ekase skul srɔtoi ni tsɔɔ jeŋ nilee ní sáa enikaselɔi bibii lɛ ajwɛŋmɔi lɛ ahe nii jogbaŋŋ. Eje shishi akɛ ekɛ hetooi ni haa mɔ tsui nyɔɔ emli baaha enikaselɔi lɛ asanebimɔi ni kɔɔ jeŋ nilee he lɛ.

Yɛ mɔdɛŋ ni Origen bɔ koni eha gbeekpãmɔ aba Biblia lɛ kɛ jeŋ nilee teŋ lɛ mli lɛ, ekɛ ehe fɔ̃ mumɔŋ shishinumɔ ni yɔɔ mli, ní aŋɔtee ni atsɔɔ nɔ atsɔɔ Ŋmalɛi lɛ ashishi lɛ nɔ babaoo. Esusu akɛ Ŋmalɛi lɛ hiɛ mumɔŋ shishinumɔ ko be fɛɛ be, shi jeee doo akɛ eshishinumɔ diɛŋtsɛ. Taakɛ woloŋlelɔ ko wie lɛ, enɛ ha Origen “nɔ̃ nɔ ni eeedamɔ ekɛ susumɔ fɛɛ susumɔ ni jɛɛɛ Biblia lɛ mli ni kɛ Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ he nilee ni lɛ diɛŋtsɛ eyɔɔ lɛ he gbɛjianɔtoo kpãa gbee lɛ aaatsu nii koni ekɛtsɔɔ Biblia lɛ mli sane shishi, beni ekɛɔ (ni ŋwanejee ko bɛ he akɛ esusuɔ ehe yɛ anɔkwayeli mli) akɛ eji mɔ titri ni yɔɔ ekãa kɛ naajielɔ anɔkwafo ni tsɔɔ shishinumɔ ni yɔɔ Biblia lɛ mli lɛ.”

Wolo ko ni Origen ŋma kɛyaha enikaselɔi lɛ ateŋ mɔ kome lɛ haa anuɔ esusumɔi lɛ ashishi. Origen tsɔɔ akɛ Israelbii lɛ kɛ Mizraim shika fee tsɛŋsii kɛha Yehowa sɔlemɔtsu lɛ. Ena mumɔŋ shishinumɔ ni aŋɔtee ni ekɛaafi enɛ sɛɛ yɛ Hela jeŋ nilee ni ekɛtsɔɔ Kristojamɔ he nii lɛ hewɔ. Eŋma akɛ: “Kwɛ bɔ ni nibii ni akɛjɛ Mizraim kɛba lɛ ahe ba sɛɛnamɔ kɛha Israelbii lɛ, nɔ ni Mizraimbii lɛ kɛtsuuu nii jogbaŋŋ, shi moŋ kɛtsɔ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛtsɔɔmɔ ni nilee yɔɔ mli nɔ lɛ, Hebribii lɛ kɛtsu nii kɛha Nyɔŋmɔ sɔɔmɔ.” No hewɔ lɛ Origen wo enikaselɔi lɛ hewalɛ koni “amɛkase nɔ fɛɛ nɔ ni ekolɛ ebaanyɛ efee saneyitso kɛha nikasemɔ loo hesaamɔ kɛha Kristojamɔ lɛ kɛjɛ Helabii ajeŋ nilee mli.”

Gbɛ ni tamɔ nɛkɛ ni naatsii bɛ he ni atsɔɔ nɔ atsɔɔ Biblia mli saji ashishi lɛ haa ewaa akɛ abaana srɔtofeemɔ ni kã Kristofoi atsɔɔmɔ kɛ Hela jeŋ nilee mli. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, yɛ Origen wolo ni gbɛi ji On First Principles lɛ mli lɛ, etsɔɔ akɛ Yesu ji ‘Bi koome lɛ, mɔ ni afɔ́ lɛ, shi ebɛ shishijee ko lɛ.’ Ni ekɛfata he akɛ: ‘Eyinɔ hiɔ shi kɛyaa naanɔi anaanɔ. Jeee wala mumɔ ni enine shɛ nɔ lɛ nɔ atsɔ afee lɛ Bi, jeee kɛtsɔ kponɔgbɛ nifeemɔ ko hu nɔ, shi moŋ kɛtsɔ Nyɔŋmɔ diɛŋtsɛ su nɔ.’

Origen naaa susumɔ nɛɛ kɛjɛɛɛ Biblia lɛ mli, ejaakɛ Ŋmalɛi lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ Yehowa Bi koome lɛ ji “bɔɔ nii fɛɛ ateŋ kromɔ bi” kɛ “Nyɔŋmɔ nibɔɔ lɛ shishijee.” (Kolosebii 1:15; Kpojiemɔ 3:14) Taakɛ  jamɔŋ yinɔsaneŋmalɔ Augustus Neander tsɔɔ lɛ, Origen baná susumɔ ni ahiɛ ni kɔɔ “yinɔ ni hiɔ shi kɛyaa naanɔ” lɛ he kɛtsɔ “ejeŋ nilee he tsɔsemɔ ni ená yɛ Plato skul lɛ mli lɛ nɔ.” No hewɔ lɛ, Origen ku nɛkɛ shishijee Ŋmalɛ naa shishitoo mla nɛɛ mli akɛ: “Mɔ ko akajwɛŋ fe nɔ ni aŋma lɛ.”—1 Korintobii 4:6.

Abu Lɛ Fɔ akɛ Jamɔŋ Atuatselɔ

Yɛ Origen shishijee afii lɛ amli ákɛ tsɔɔlɔ lɛ, Alexandrine Synod ko hé Origen osɔfoyeli hegbɛ lɛ yɛ edɛŋ. Ekolɛ enɛ ba lɛ nakai ejaakɛ Osɔfonukpa Demetrius miiye Origen gbɛi ni heɔ shi lɛ he awuŋa. Origen fã kɛtee Palestina, he ni hiɛsɔɔ ni ayɔɔ kɛha lɛ ákɛ Kristofoi atsɔɔmɔ lɛ hefalɔ anɔkwafo lɛ kã he eji nɔ ni husu bɛ he lɛ, ni jɛmɛ etsa nɔ yɛ ákɛ osɔfo. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, beni “jamɔŋ atuatsemɔi” fɛ́ yɛ Bokagbɛ lɛ, ayatao eyelikɛbuamɔ koni ekɔne osɔfonukpai ni tɔ̃ɔ lɛ ayiŋ koni amɛku amɛsɛɛ kɛba ortodɔks tsɔɔmɔ lɛ mli ekoŋŋ. Yɛ Origen gbele sɛɛ yɛ afi 254 Ŋ.B. lɛ, egbɛi baje heguɔgbee ni hiɛdɔɔ yɔɔ mli shishi titri. Mɛni hewɔ?

Beni Kristojamɔ folo ní akɛfutu ebafee jamɔ wulu sɛɛ lɛ, nɔ ni sɔlemɔ lɛ kpɛlɛ nɔ akɛ eji ortodɔks tsɔɔmɔ lɛ bafee nɔ ni átsɔɔ shishi pɛpɛɛpɛ. No hewɔ lɛ, Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ he nilelɔi ayinɔi ni nyiɛ sɛɛ kɛba lɛ ekpɛlɛɛɛ Origen jeŋ nilee kɛ susumɔi ni ejaaa ní bei komɛi lɛ egbɛɔ eshwãa lɛ ateŋ babaoo nɔ. No hewɔ lɛ, etsɔɔmɔi lɛ tée mlifu kɛ ŋwanejeei ashi yɛ sɔlemɔ lɛ mli. Yɛ mɔdɛŋ ni abɔ koni asaa nɛkɛ béi nɛɛ, ni aha ekomefeemɔ ahi shi yɛ mli lɛ, sɔlemɔ lɛ bu Origen fɔ tɛ̃ɛ akɛ jamɔŋ atuatselɔ.

Jeee Origen kome pɛ tɔ̃ yɛ etɔmɔi lɛ amli. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, Biblia lɛ egba yɛ he ní abaatsi kwraa kɛjɛ Kristo tsɔɔmɔ krɔŋŋ lɛ he lɛ he. Hemɔkɛyeli kwamɔ nɛɛ je shishi ebɔi shweremɔ beni klɛŋklɛŋ afii oha lɛ baa naagbee lɛ mli, beni Yesu bɔfoi lɛ egboi sɛɛ. (2 Tesalonikabii 2:6, 7) Yɛ naagbee lɛ, mɛi komɛi ni tsɛɔ amɛhe Kristofoi lɛ bafee mɛi ni ale waa akɛ “ortodɔksbii” ni amɛkɛɔ yɛ mɛi krokomɛi fɛɛ ahe akɛ amɛji “jamɔŋ atuatselɔi.” Shi yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, Kristendom gbá afã kwraa kɛjɛ anɔkwa Kristojamɔ he.

“Apasa Nilee”

Yɛ Origen yiŋsusumɔi babaoo lɛ fɛɛ sɛɛ lɛ, nibii komɛi ni he yɔɔ sɛɛnamɔ yɛ enitsumɔi lɛ amli. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, Hexapla lɛ hiɛ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi lɛ yɛ eshishijee Hebri niŋmaa okadii ejwɛ lɛ mli, nɔ ni atsɛɔ lɛ Tetragrammaton lɛ. Enɛ kɛ odaseyeli ni he hiaa haa akɛ mra be mli Kristofoi lɛ le Nyɔŋmɔ diɛŋtsɛ gbɛi—Yehowa lɛ, ni amɛkɛtsu nii. Shi kɛlɛ, afii ohai enumɔ lɛ mli sɔlemɔ lɛ blematsɛ ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Theophilus bɔ kɔkɔ be ko akɛ: “Origen nitsumɔi lɛ tamɔ shikpɔŋ kɛha fɔfɔii henɔi fɛɛ. Kɛji mina fɔfɔi fɛfɛo ko yɛ jɛmɛ lɛ, mitseɔ; shi kɛji mina nɔ ko ni tamɔ nɔ ni baatsu mɔ lɛ, mishiɔ taakɛ mafee yɛ ŋmei he lɛ.”

Kɛtsɔ Hela jeŋ nilee ni Origen kɛfutu Biblia tsɔɔmɔi lɛ nɔ lɛ, Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ mli nilee ni ekɛtsuɔ nii lɛ mli bayi obɔ kɛ tɔmɔ, ni nɔ ni jɛ mli kɛba lɛ bafee oshara kɛha Kristendom. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, eyɛ mli akɛ akpoo Origen yiŋsusumɔi ni odaseyeli ko kwraa bɛ mli lɛ yɛ sɛɛ mli moŋ, shi esusumɔi ni kɔɔ Kristo “yinɔ ni hiɔ shi kɛyaa naanɔ” lɛ he lɛ ye bua ni akɛto Triniti tsɔɔmɔ ni jɛɛɛ Biblia mli lɛ shishi. Wolo ni ji The Church of the First Three Centuries lɛ yɔse akɛ: “Ato suɔmɔ ni aná aha jeŋ nilee [ni Origen kɛba] lɛ shishi koni ehi shi be kakadaŋŋ.” Mɛni jɛ mli ba? “Afite Kristofoi ahemɔkɛyeli ni mli ka shi faŋŋ lɛ, ni tɔmɔi ni bɛ naagbee babote Sɔlemɔ lɛ mli.”

Yɛ Origen gbɛfaŋ lɛ, kulɛ ebaanyɛ ebo Paulo ŋaawoo lɛ toi ni ekpoo nii ni ekɛaafata hemɔkɛyeli kwamɔ nɛɛ he lɛ kɛtsɔ ‘yakayaka sanegbaa ni buleɔ mɔ kɛ ŋwanejee wiemɔ ni jɛ apasa nilee mli lɛ’ ni ebaakwa lɛ nɔ. Yɛ no najiaŋ lɛ, yɛ etsɔɔmɔi lɛ babaoo ni eha edamɔ “nilee” ni tamɔ enɛ nɔ hewɔ lɛ, Origen ‘du gbɛ kɛjɛ hemɔkɛyeli lɛ he.’—1 Timoteo 6:20, 21; Kolosebii 2:8.

[Mfoniri ni yɔɔ baafa 31]

Origen “Hexapla” lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ gbɛi tsu nii yɛ Kristofoi a-Hela Ŋmalɛ lɛ mli

[He ni Sane lɛ Jɛ]

Published by permission of the Syndics of Cambridge University Library, T-S 12.182

[He ni Mfoniri ni yɔɔ baafa 29 lɛ Jɛ]

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