Tatian—Hemɔkɛyeli He Fãlɔ loo Jamɔŋ Atuatselɔ?

YƐ BƆFO Paulo maŋsɛɛ sanekpakpa shiɛmɔ nitsumɔ gbɛfaa ni ji etɛ lɛ naagbee mli lɛ, ekɛ Efeso asafo lɛ mli onukpai lɛ kpe. Ekɛɛ amɛ akɛ: “Ejaakɛ mile akɛ, kɛ mikpa mihe lɛ, klaji fulɔi baabote nyɛteŋ, ni amɛbaaŋ tooiku lɛ yi; ni nyɛ diɛŋtsɛ nyɛteŋ hu lɛ, hii ni wieɔ nii ni ejaaa aaate shi, ni amɛaakpala kaselɔi lɛ amɛshwie amɛsɛɛ.”—Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 20:29, 30.

Taakɛ eji yɛ Paulo wiemɔi lɛ amli lɛ, afii 200 Ŋ.B. lɛ bafee tsakemɔ kɛ hemɔkɛyeli kwamɔ be ni agba afɔ̃ shi lɛ. No mli lɛ, Gnosticism, ni ji jamɔŋ hemɔkɛyeli ko ni egbɛ eshwã kɛ jeŋ nilee kuu ni fite heyelilɔi komɛi ahemɔkɛyelii lɛ miishwere. Gnosticbii (loo mɛi ni yɔɔ teemɔŋ nilee hemɔkɛyeli lɛ) heɔ yeɔ akɛ nibii ni kɔɔ mumɔ he lɛ ji ekpakpa, ni ákɛ, heloonaa nibii fɛɛ ji efɔŋ. Akɛni amɛsusu akɛ heloonaa nibii fɛɛ ji efɔŋ hewɔ lɛ, amɛkpoo gbalashihilɛ mlibotemɔ kɛ fɔmɔ, ni amɛkɛɔ akɛ Satan ji mɔ ni je enɛɛmɛi ashishi. Amɛteŋ mɛi komɛi he amɛye akɛ, akɛni nibii ni kɔɔ mumɔ lɛ he lɛ pɛ ji ekpakpa hewɔ lɛ, nɔ ni gbɔmɔ kɛ egbɔmɔtso lɛ feɔ lɛ he ehiaaa. Jwɛŋmɔ ni tamɔ nɛkɛ ni ahiɛ nɛɛ baa mli yɛ shihilɛ gbɛ̀i ni afeɔ nii kɛtekeɔ nɔ yɛ mli lɛ amli, ekolɛ kɛ́ eji henaatsii loo heloonaa nɔ ko ni akɛ he woɔ mli vii. Akɛni Gnosticbii lɛ kɛɔ akɛ yiwalaheremɔ baa kɛtsɔɔ Gnosticism teemɔŋ saji anɔ loo mɔ diɛŋtsɛ nilee nɔ hewɔ lɛ, amɛkpɛlɛɛɛ Nyɔŋmɔ Wiemɔ lɛ mli anɔkwalei lɛ anɔ.

Te mɛi ni kɛɛ akɛ Kristofoi ji amɛ lɛ here Gnosticism he gbeyeiwoo lɛ nɔ amɛha tɛŋŋ? Mɛi komɛi ni ekase nii lɛ wie amɛshi apasa tsɔɔmɔ lɛ, yɛ be mli ni mɛi krokomɛi ŋmɛɛ amɛhe ni ená hewalɛ fɔŋ yɛ amɛnɔ. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, Irenaeus je shishi ekɛ ewala shihilɛ wuu eshi jamɔ mli atuatsemɔ tsɔɔmɔi lɛ. Polycarp, ní hi shi yɛ bɔfoi lɛ abeaŋ lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ nii. Polycarp jie yi koni akɛ he akpɛtɛ Yesu Kristo kɛ ekaselɔi lɛ atsɔɔmɔi lɛ ahe waa. Eyɛ mli akɛ Irenaeus naanyo Florinus kɛ lɛ kase nii yɛ tsɔɔlɔ kome too lɛ nɔŋŋ ŋɔɔ moŋ, shi naagbee mli lɛ, ekpɛlɛ Valentinus, ni ji hiɛnyiɛlɔ ko ni ehe gbɛi fe fɛɛ yɛ Gnostic kuu lɛ mli lɛ tsɔɔmɔi lɛ anɔ. Nakai bei lɛ ji jaramɔ bei lɛɛlɛŋ.

Tatian, ni ji afii 200 lɛ mli niŋmalɔ ko ni ale lɛ lɛ niŋmaai lɛ ha anu shihilɛ ni yaa nɔ yɛ nakai be lɛ mli lɛ shishi jogbaŋŋ. Mɛɛ gbɔmɔ nɛkɛ Tatian ji? Te fee tɛŋŋ ni ebatsɔ mɔ ni tsɛɔ ehe Kristofonyo lɛ? Ni te Tatian tee nɔ eha tɛŋŋ yɛ Gnostic jamɔŋ atuatsemɔ hewalɛ lɛ shishi? Ehetooi ni yɔɔ miishɛɛ kɛ agbɛnɛ lɛ diɛŋtsɛ enɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ kɛ nikasemɔi ni he yɔɔ sɛɛnamɔ haa mɛi ni taoɔ anɔkwale lɛ ŋmɛnɛ.

 Enine Shɛ “Maŋsɛɛ Woji Komɛi” Anɔ

Tatian ji Syrianyo. Gbɛfaai kɛ nikanemɔ babaoo ha ená Greece kɛ Rome kusumii ni yɔɔ egbii lɛ amli lɛ he shishinumɔ ni ja. Tatian ba Rome akɛ gbɛfalɔ maŋ wielɔ. Shi, beni eyɔɔ Rome lɛ, agbala ejwɛŋmɔ kɛtee Kristojamɔ nɔ. Eje shishi ekɛ ehe bɔ Justin Martyr, ni ekolɛ ebatsɔ enikaselɔ.

Beni Tatian wieɔ etsakemɔ kɛmiiba Kristojamɔ yɛ egbii lɛ amli lɛ he lɛ, ekɛɛ akɛ: “Mitao bɔ ni mafee ni manyɛ mana anɔkwale lɛ.” Beni ewieɔ lɛ diɛŋtsɛ eniiashikpamɔ he beni akɛ Ŋmalɛi lɛ ha lɛ koni ekane lɛ, ekɛɛ akɛ: “Mikɛ maŋsɛɛ niŋmaai komɛi kpe, etsɛ tsɔ fe nɔ ni akɛaato Greecebii asusumɔi lɛ ahe, ni enɔ kwɔ tsɔ fe nɔ ni akɛaato amɛniŋmaai amli tɔmɔi lɛ ahe; ni akɔne miyiŋ koni mahe enɛɛmɛi anɔ maye kɛtsɔ emli wiemɔi ni yɔɔ faŋŋ, anɔkwayeli ni niŋmalɔi lɛ kɛŋma, wɔsɛɛ nibii ni ale kɛtsɔ hiɛ lɛ he kpojiemɔ, emli shishitoo mlai ni nɔ bɛ lɛ, kɛ sanejajemɔ akɛ je lɛŋ nɔyeli lɛ yɛ Mɔ kome dɛŋ lɛ nɔ.”

Tatian shashaooo shi akɛ eeefɔ eyinɔbii lɛ nine koni amɛbapɛi egbii lɛ amli Kristojamɔ lɛ mli, ni amɛyɔse bɔ ni eyɔɔ mlɛo kɛ bɔ ni eyɔɔ faŋŋ, ní tamɔɔɔ yiŋfutumɔ ni yɔɔ mɛi ni jeee Kristofoi lɛ ateŋ lɛ. Mɛni wɔbaanyɛ wɔkase kɛjɛ eniŋmaai lɛ amli?

Mɛni Eniŋmaai lɛ Jieɔ lɛ Kpo?

Tatian niŋmaai lɛ jieɔ lɛ kpo akɛ eji hemɔkɛyeli he fãlɔ, niŋmalɔ ko ni fãa ehemɔkɛyeli lɛ he. Eyɛ nyɛɛ kɛ hetsɛ̃ ko kɛha wɔŋjalɔi ajeŋ nilee lɛ. Yɛ Tatian wolo ni ji Address to the Greeks lɛ mli lɛ, ema sɛɛnamɔ ni bɛ wɔŋjamɔ he kɛ nilee ni yɔɔ Kristojamɔ mli lɛ nɔ mi. Ekɛ wiemɔi ni mli wawai waa tsu nii yɛ be mli ni etsɔɔ bulɛ ni ebɛ kɛha Greece gbɛ̀i lɛ. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, beni ewieɔ jeŋ nilelɔ Heracleitus he lɛ, ekɛɛ akɛ: “Shi, nuu nɛɛ gbele ejie ebuuluufeemɔ lɛ kpo; ejaakɛ beni eyeɔ fuumɔ hela lɛ, akɛni ekase tsofafeemɔ kɛ agbɛnɛ hu, jeŋ nilee hewɔ lɛ, ekɛ tsina wamɔ kpa ehe, nɔ ni beni egbiɔ lɛ, ekpɛtɛ ehewolo nɔ fɛɛ aahu akɛ etserɛ eheloo lɛ bitibiti, ni no ha egbo lɛ.”

Tatian kɛ bulɛ ni mli kwɔ kpɛlɛ Nyɔŋmɔ kome ni ji nibii fɛɛ a-Bɔlɔ lɛ mli hemɔkɛyeli nɔ. (Hebribii 3:4) Yɛ Address to the Greeks lɛ mli lɛ, etsɛ Nyɔŋmɔ akɛ “Mumɔ ko,” ni ekɛɛ akɛ: “Lɛ pɛ ebɛ shishijee, ni Lɛ Diɛŋtsɛ ji nibii fɛɛ ashishijee.” (Yohane 4:24; 1 Timoteo 1:17)  Beni Tatian kpooɔ amagai yɛ jamɔ mli lɛ, eŋma akɛ: “Te mafee tɛŋŋ mawie tsei bibii kɛ tɛi ahe akɛ nyɔŋmɔi?” (1 Korintobii 10:14) Ehe eye akɛ Wiemɔ lɛ, loo Logos lɛ, ba shihilɛ mli akɛ ŋwɛi Tsɛ lɛ bɔɔ nii lɛ ateŋ kromɔbi, ni sɛɛ mli lɛ, akɛ lɛ tsu nii ni akɛbɔ jeŋ muu lɛ fɛɛ. (Yohane 1:1-3; Kolosebii 1:13-17) Yɛ nɔ ni kɔɔ gbohiiashitee yɛ be ni ato lɛ mli lɛ he lɛ, Tatian kɛɛ akɛ: “Wɔheɔ wɔyeɔ akɛ abaatee gbohii ashi yɛ be mli ni nibii fɛɛ eba naagbee sɛɛ.” Yɛ nɔ ni kɔɔ nɔ hewɔ ni wɔgboiɔ lɛ he lɛ, Tatian ŋma akɛ: “Abɔɔɔ wɔ koni wɔgboi, shi wɔgboiɔ yɛ wɔ diɛŋtsɛ wɔtɔmɔi ahewɔ. Suɔmɔ mli ni wɔjɛɔ wɔfeɔ nii lɛ ekpata wɔhiɛ; wɔ mɛi ni wɔye wɔhe lɛ ebatsɔmɔ nyɔji; ahɔɔ wɔ yɛ esha hewɔ.”

Niiamlitsɔɔmɔ ni Tatian kɛha yɛ susuma lɛ he lɛ futuɔ mɔ yiŋ. Ekɛɛ akɛ: “Susuma lɛ jeee nɔ ni gbooo, Oo Greecebii, shi moŋ egboɔ. Shi ebaanyɛ efee nɔ ni gbooo. Kɛ́ yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, eleee anɔkwale lɛ, no lɛ egboɔ, ni efiteɔ yɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli, shi naagbee mli lɛ eteɔ shi ekoŋŋ yɛ gbɔmɔtso lɛ mli yɛ je lɛ naagbee mli, ni abuɔ lɛ gbele fɔ kɛtsɔ naanɔ toigbalamɔ nɔ.” Nɔ tuuntu ni Tatian tsɔɔ kɛtsɔ nɛkɛ wiemɔi nɛɛ anɔ lɛ, wɔleee. Ani eeenyɛ efee akɛ yɛ be mli ni ekpɛtɛɔ Biblia tsɔɔmɔi komɛi ahe lɛ, ebɔ mɔdɛŋ hu koni esa eyinɔbii lɛ ahiɛ, ni no hewɔ lɛ, ekɛ Ŋmalɛ mli anɔkwalei lɛ futu wɔŋjamɔ jeŋ nilee?

Wolo kroko hu ni Tatian ŋma ni ale waa ji Diatessaron, loo Harmony of the Four Gospels. Tatian ji mɔ klɛŋklɛŋ ni kɛ Sanekpakpai lɛ ha Syria asafoi lɛ yɛ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛwiemɔ mli. Eji wolo ko ni abuɔ waa, ni ebua Sanekpakpai ejwɛ lɛ fɛɛ naa efee lɛ sane kome. Syria Sɔlemɔ lɛ kɛtsu nii.

Kristofonyo loo Jamɔŋ Atuatselɔ?

Tatian woji lɛ amlipɛimɔ jogbaŋŋ jieɔ lɛ kpo akɛ, ele Ŋmalɛi lɛ jogbaŋŋ, ni eyɛ bulɛ ni mli kwɔ kɛha amɛ. Eŋma yɛ hewalɛ ni amɛna yɛ enɔ lɛ he akɛ: “Mipeleee mihe koni mitsɔ niiatsɛ; mikpoo asraafoi ahegbɛ ni maná; minyɛɔ ajwamaŋbɔɔ; suɔmɔ kɛha ninámɔ babaoo lɛ enyɛɛɛ minɔ ni matsɔ amlaku; . . . Miye mihe kɛjɛ anunyam taomɔ mli . . . Mɔ fɛɛ mɔ náa hulu lɛ he sɛɛ, ni mɔ fɛɛ mɔ gboɔ, kɛji amɛyɛ nii loo amɛmiiye ohia jio.” Tatian wo hewalɛ akɛ: “Kaaba ohe shi oha je lɛ, kpoomɔ buuluufeemɔ ni yɔɔ mli lɛ. Hii shi oha Nyɔŋmɔ, ni yɛ be mli ni onuɔ Lɛ shishi lɛ, jiemɔ gbɔmɔ momo lɛ yɛ ohe.”—Mateo 5:45; 1 Korintobii 6:18; 1 Timoteo 6:10.

Shi kɛlɛ, susumɔ Tatian wolo ni yitso ji On Perfection According to the Doctrine of the Savior lɛ he okwɛ. Yɛ ewolo nɛɛ mli lɛ, ekɛɛ Abonsam ji mɔ ni to gbalashihilɛ shishi. Akɛni Tatian tsɔɔ akɛ aŋkroaŋkroi kɛ amɛhe baawo je lɛŋ nibii ni fiteɔ lɛ mli kɛtsɔ gbalashihilɛ mlibotemɔ nɔ hewɔ lɛ, ewie eshi no waa diɛŋtsɛ.

Etamɔ nɔ ni aaafee afi 166 Ŋ.B., yɛ Justin Martyr gbele sɛɛ lɛ, ekolɛ Tatian to henaatsilɔi akuu ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Encratites lɛ shishi loo ekɛ ehe bɔ amɛhe. Esɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ ma henɔyeli ni yɔɔ kpɛŋŋ kɛ mɔ gbɔmɔtso nɔ hewalɛnamɔ nɔ mi. Amɛkɛ amɛhe wo henaatsii nifeemɔ ni biɔ hetsimɔ kɛmiijɛ wein, gbalamlibotemɔ, kɛ ninámɔ he lɛ mli.

Nikasemɔ ni Esa akɛ Akase

Mɛni hewɔ Tatian gba afa kwraa kɛjɛ Ŋmalɛi lɛ ahe lɛ? Ani ebafee “mɔ ni nuɔ ni ehiɛ kpaa nɔ”? (Yakobo 1:23-25) Ani Tatian nyɛɛɛ agu apasa saji, ni no hewɔ lɛ, ebafee mɔ ni adesai ajeŋ nilee ná enɔ hewalɛ? (Kolosebii 2:8; 1 Timoteo 4:7) Akɛni tɔmɔi ni ewo he hewalɛ lɛ da waa hewɔ lɛ, ani eeenyɛ eba lɛ akɛ ekɛ be kukuoo jwɛŋmɔŋ naagba ko kpe?

Bɔ fɛɛ bɔ ni sane lɛ ji lɛ, Tatian niŋmaai kɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ haa wɔnuɔ jamɔŋ shihilɛ ni yɔɔ egbii lɛ amli lɛ shishi. Amɛtsɔɔ bɔ ni hewalɛ ni jeŋ nilee lɛ náa yɛ mɔ nɔ lɛ baanyɛ afite nii aha lɛ mli. Eba akɛ wɔbaabo bɔfo Paulo kɔkɔbɔɔ akɛ wɔtsi wɔhe kɛjɛ “yakayaka sanegbaa ni buleɔ mɔ kɛ ŋwanejee wiemɔ ni jɛ apasa nilee mli lɛ” he lɛ toi.—1 Timoteo 6:20.