Namɛi Ji Anabaptistbii Lɛ?

ETAMƆ nɔ ni be fee be ni mɛi heei baayasara Münster maŋtiase wulu ni yɔɔ Westphalia, yɛ Germany lɛ, amɛwaa amɛdamɔɔ shi be kakadaŋŋ amɛkwɛɔ dade tsui bibii etɛ ni tsotsoro shi yɛ sɔlemɔtsu ko mɔɔ he lɛ. Kɛ hooo lɛ, dade tsui bibii nɛɛ ehi jɛmɛ nɔ ni miihe ashɛ afii 500. Tsutsu ko lɛ, dade tsui bibii nɛɛ amli akɛ hii etɛ ní afee amɛ niseniianii yɛ mɛi ahiɛ ni agbe amɛ lɛ agbohii wo. Hii lɛ ji Anabaptistbii, ni dade tsui bibii lɛ ji nɔ ni akɛkaiɔ amɛnɔyeli lɛ.

Namɛi ji Anabaptistbii lɛ? Te fee tɛŋŋ ni kuu lɛ je shishi? Mɛni ji amɛtsɔɔmɔi titri? Mɛni hewɔ agbe hii lɛ? Ni mɛɛ tsakpaa dade tsui bibii etɛ lɛ kɛ nɔyeli yɔɔ?

Atsake Sɔlemɔ lɛ Hiɛ—Shi yɛ Mɛɛ Gbɛ Nɔ?

Yɛ afii ohai 15 lɛ naagbee gbɛ kɛ afii ohai 16 lɛ shishijee gbɛ lɛ, wiemɔi ni awieɔ ashiɔ Roma Katolik Sɔlemɔ lɛ kɛ osɔfoi lɛ amli bawa. Jeŋba ni ekpɔtɔ kɛ jeŋba shara he shi yɛ sɔlemɔ lɛ mli fɛɛ; no hewɔ lɛ, mɛi babaoo nu he akɛ tsakemɔi wuji ahe miihia. Yɛ afi 1517 mli lɛ, Martin Luther bi yɛ faŋŋ mli ni atsake sɔlemɔ lɛ hiɛ, ni beni mɛi krokomɛi bafata he yɛ saji anaataamɔ lɛ mli sɛɛ etsɛɛɛ ni Protestant Jamɔ Hiɛtsakemɔ lɛ je shishi.

Shi jamɔŋ hiɛtsakelɔi lɛ leee ŋaa gbɛ nɔ ni esa akɛ amɛtsɔ yɛ nɔ ni esa akɛ afee loo he ni esa akɛ afee tsakemɔi lɛ kɛyashi lɛ he. Mɛi babaoo yɔse bɔ ni ehe hiaa ni akpɛtɛ Biblia lɛ he yɛ saji ni kɔɔ jamɔ he lɛ amli. Shi kɛlɛ, jamɔŋ hiɛtsakelɔi lɛ nyɛɛɛ amɛkɛ amɛhe akpãa gbee yɛ Biblia tsɔɔmɔi lɛ ashishitsɔɔmɔ po mli. Mɛi komɛi nu he akɛ bɔ ni Jamɔŋ Hiɛtsakemɔ lɛ yaa nɔ ehaa lɛ yɛ shɔ̃ɔ tsɔ. Nɛkɛ jamɔŋ hiɛtsakelɔi nɛɛ ateŋ ajɛ ato Anabaptist kuu lɛ shishi.

Hans-Jürgen Goertz ŋma yɛ ewolo ni ji Die Täufer—Geschichte und Deutung lɛ mli akɛ: “Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, jeee baptist kuu kome pɛ aná; babaoo hi shi.” Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, yɛ afi 1521 lɛ, hii ejwɛ ni ale amɛ akɛ Zwickau gbalɔi lɛ tée hoofeemɔ shi yɛ Anabaptist tsɔɔmɔi ni amɛyashiɛ yɛ Wittenberg lɛ hewɔ. Ni yɛ afi 1525 lɛ, ato Anabaptistbii akuu kroko shishi yɛ Zurich, yɛ Switzerland. Ato Anabaptistbii akui ashishi yɛ Moravia—amrɔ nɛɛ Czech Republic—kɛ yɛ Netherlands hu.

Baptisimɔ—Eyɛ Kɛha Gbekɛbii loo Onukpai?

Bei babaoo lɛ Anabaptistbii akui lɛ daraaa tsɔ, ni kɛ hooo lɛ emli bii lɛ feɔ amɛnii yɛ toiŋjɔlɛ mli. Emli bii lɛ kɛ amɛhemɔkɛyelii lɛ eteee; yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, amɛshiɛ amɛha mɛi krokomɛi. Atsɔɔ Anabaptistbii ashishijee hemɔkɛyeli he tsɔɔmɔi lɛ amli yɛ Schleitheim Hemɔkɛyeli Jajemɔ lɛ mli yɛ afi 1527. Nɔ ni fata nibii krokomɛi ni amɛkɛ amɛhe wooo mli lɛ he ji akɛ, amɛkɛ tawuu nibii tsuuu nii, amɛtsi amɛhe kɛjɛ je lɛ he, ni amɛshwieɔ eshafeelɔi kɛjɛɔ sɔlemɔ lɛ mli. Shi nɔ titri ni kadi Anabaptistbii lɛ ahemɔkɛyeli fe fɛɛ, ni ha ebasoro amɛ yɛ jamɔi krokomɛi lɛ ahe ji hemɔkɛyeli ni mli wa ni amɛyɔɔ akɛ baptisimɔ yɛ kɛha onukpai shi jeee gbekɛbii. *

Onukpai abaptisimɔ jeee sane ni kɔɔ jamɔ mli tsɔɔmɔi ahe kɛkɛ; eji sane ni kɔɔ hewalɛ he. Kɛ́ atsĩ baptisimɔ naa kɛyashi mɔ aaatsɔ onukpa—ni  no baaha ená hegbɛ koni ejɛ ehemɔkɛyeli mli ekpɛ eyiŋ lɛ—ekolɛ mɛi komɛi ebaptisiŋ kɔkɔɔkɔ. Ni kɛ hooo lɛ, yɛ gbɛ ko nɔ lɛ aŋkroaŋkroi ni abaptisiko amɛ lɛ ehiŋ sɔlemɔ lɛ kudɔmɔ shishi. Kɛha sɔlemɔi komɛi lɛ, onukpai abaptisimɔ tsɔɔ hewalɛ ni jeɔ amɛdɛ̃.

No hewɔ lɛ, Katolikbii kɛ Lutherbii fɛɛ bɔ mɔdɛŋ koni amɛha akpa onukpai abaptisimɔ. Yɛ afi 1529 sɛɛ lɛ, kɛ hooo lɛ yɛ hei komɛi lɛ, akɛ gbele gbalaa mɛi ni baptisiɔ onukpai loo onukpai ni abaptisiɔ amɛ lɛ atoi. Adafitswaa woloŋmalɔ Thomas Seifert tsɔɔ mli akɛ, “awa” Anabaptistbii lɛ “ayi waa diɛŋtsɛ yɛ Germany Roma Maŋtsɛyeli Krɔŋkrɔŋ lɛ Nɔyeli be lɛ mli fɛɛ.” Yiwaa lɛ mli yawa waa yɛ Münster.

Münster Maŋ ni Hi Shi yɛ Teŋgbɛ Afii lɛ Amli lɛ Tao Tsakemɔ

Aaafee mɛi 10,000 hi Münster maŋ ni hi shi yɛ teŋgbɛ afii lɛ amli lɛ mli, ni atswa mɔji ni etamɔ nɔ ni anyɛɛɛ nɔ kunim aye ni lɛɛmɔ aaafee mitai 90 ni ekɛlɛ aaashɛ kilomitai 5 kɛbɔle kɛkpe. Shi kɛlɛ, shihilɛ ni yɔɔ maŋ lɛ mli lɛ bɛ shweshweeshwe tamɔ emɔji lɛ. Wolo ni ji The Kingdom of the Anabaptists ni City Museum ni yɔɔ Münster lɛ fee lɛ tsĩ “maŋkwramɔŋ béi ni tee nɔ yɛ Maŋ lɛ Mlawolɔi Akuu lɛ kɛ Jarayelɔi Akuu ni yɔɔ maŋ lɛ mli lɛ ateŋ lɛ” tã. Kɛfata he lɛ, osɔfoi lɛ ajeŋba ha maŋbii lɛ amli fu. Münster maŋbii lɛ kpɛlɛ Hiɛtsakemɔ lɛ nɔ, ni yɛ afi 1533 mli lɛ, maŋ lɛ tsake kɛjɛ Katolikbii amaŋ kɛbatsɔ Lutherbii amaŋ.

Mɛi titri ni shiɛ jamɔŋ hiɛtsakemɔ yɛ Münster lɛ ateŋ mɔ kome ji Bernhard Rothmann, ni ji nuu ko ni feɔ enii kpalakpala lɛ. Woloŋmalɔ Friedrich Oehninger tsɔɔ mli akɛ “ebafee faŋŋ akɛ Rothmann susumɔi lɛ ji Anabaptistbii anɔ; ekɛ enanemɛi krokomɛi lɛ kpoo akɛ amɛaabaptisi abifabii.” Mɛi babaoo fi esɛɛ yɛ Münster, eyɛ mli akɛ kɛha amɛteŋ mɛi komɛi lɛ, esusumɔi lɛ yɛ srɔto kwraa yɛ nɔ ni amɛle lɛ he. “Mɛi ni sumɔɔ tsutsu shihilɛ ni hi shi yɛ jamɔ lɛ mli lɛ ateŋ mɛi babaoo shi maŋtiase lɛ mli akɛni amɛfee yeyeeye ní amɛshe gbeyei akɛ nɔ fɔŋ ko baanyɛ aba lɛ hewɔ. Anabaptistbii babaoo ni jɛ hei srɔtoi fɛɛ ba Münster, kɛ hiɛnɔkamɔ akɛ amɛsusumɔi lɛ baaba mli.” Nɛkɛ Anabaptistbii anaabuamɔ yɛ Münster nɛɛ kɛ nifeemɔ ko ni yɔɔ gbeyei ni sa kadimɔ ba.

Awo Yerusalem Hee lɛ He Ka

Jan Mathys, ni ji bodobodo shãlɔ ni jɛ Haarlem, kɛ Jan Beuckelson, ni ale lɛ akɛ John ni jɛ Leiden—ni amɛji Dutchbii ni fã gbɛ kɛtee Münster lɛ tsu gbɛfaŋnɔ ko ni he hiaa waa he nii yɛ nibii ni tee nɔ yɛ jɛmɛ lɛ amli. Mathys tsɛ́ ehe gbalɔ ni egba akɛ Kristo baa ni ji enyɔ lɛ baaba mli yɛ April afi 1534 mli. Ajaje akɛ Münster maŋ lɛ ji Yerusalem Hee ní atsĩ tã yɛ Biblia lɛ mli lɛ, ni enɛ ha gbɔmɛi nu he akɛ je lɛŋ naagbee lɛ ebɛŋkɛ. Rothmann ma nɔ mi akɛ esa akɛ nibii fɛɛ ni mɛi yɔɔ lɛ afee mɔ fɛɛ mɔ nɔ̃. Esa akɛ maŋbii ni edara lɛ akpɛ amɛyiŋ: Ákɛ amɛbaaha abaptisi amɛ loo amɛbaashi maŋ lɛ mli. Abaptisi mɛi babaoo, ni amɛteŋ mɛi komɛi ha abaptisi amɛ bɔni afee ni amɛkashi amɛshiai kɛ nibii ni amɛyɔɔ lɛ.

Maji krokomɛi anaa kpɛ amɛhe yɛ be mli ni Münster batsɔ klɛŋklɛŋ maŋ ni Anabaptistbii lɛ ná jamɔŋ kɛ maŋkwramɔŋ hewalɛ fe fɛɛ yɛ mli. Taakɛ wolo ni ji Die Täufer zu Münster lɛ tsɔɔ mli lɛ, enɛ ha “anyɛ Münster yɛ Roma Maŋtsɛyeli Krɔŋkrɔŋ ni yɔɔ Germany lɛ mli fɛɛ.” Maŋtsɛbi kɛ Osɔfonukpa Count Franz von Waldeck, ni ji maŋ onukpa lɛ, bua tabilɔi anaa koni amɛwo Münster he ká. Tabilɔi lɛ ji Lutherbii kɛ Katolikbii. Nɛkɛ jamɔi enyɔ nɛɛ ni tsutsu ko lɛ amɛte shi amɛwo amɛhe yɛ Jamɔŋ Hiɛtsakemɔ lɛ mli, ní etsɛŋ ni amɛkɛ amɛhe baawu yɛ Afii Nyɔŋmai Etɛ Ta lɛ mli lɛ fee ekome ni amɛkɛ Anabaptistbii lɛ wu.

 Anabaptist Nɔyeli lɛ Hiɛkpatamɔ

Tabilɔi ni ewo maŋ lɛ he ka lɛ ahewalɛ wooo mɛi ni maŋ lɛ gbogboi lɛ buɔ amɛhe lɛ ahe gbeyei. Yɛ April afi 1534, be mli ni amɛkpaa Kristo baa ni ji enyɔ lɛ gbɛ lɛ, Mathys ta okpɔŋɔ yɛŋ ko nɔ kɛje kpo yɛ maŋ lɛŋ, kɛ gbɛkpamɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ baabu ehe. Susumɔ ŋmiŋmi ni mɔmɔ Mathys sɛɛfilɔi lɛ beni amɛkwɛ kɛtsɔ maŋ lɛ gbogbo lɛ nɔ ni amɛna akɛ asraafoi ni ewo maŋ lɛ he ka lɛ efolɔ Mathys mli dukuduku ni amɛkɛ eyitso etsotsoro tso nɔ lɛ he okwɛ.

John ni jɛ Leiden lɛ batsɔ Mathys sɛɛyelɔ ni awo lɛ gbɛi akɛ Maŋtsɛ Jan, ni ji Anabaptistbii ni yɔɔ Münster lɛ amaŋtsɛ. Ebɔ mɔdɛŋ koni ejaje hii kɛ yei ayifalɛ ni eŋmɛɛɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ lɛ—yei ni yɔɔ maŋ lɛ mli lɛ ayi fa kwraa fe hii lɛ—kɛtsɔ hewalɛ ni ewo hii lɛ koni amɛkɛ yei abɔ ni amɛsumɔɔ ahi shi lɛ nɔ. Yɛ nɔ ni kɔɔ nii ni afeɔ kɛtekeɔ nɔ yɛ Anabaptistbii anɔyeli yɛ Münster lɛ he lɛ, akɛ gbele gbalaa gbalafitelɔi kɛ ajwamaŋbɔlɔi atoi, shi akpɛlɛɔ yei pii kɛ shihilɛ nɔ, ni awo he hewalɛ tete po. Maŋtsɛ Jan diɛŋtsɛ kɛ yei 16 hi shi. Beni amɛteŋ mɔ kome ni atsɛɔ lɛ Elisabeth Wandscherer bi lɛ gbɛ koni eshi maŋ lɛ mli lɛ, eha afo eyitso yɛ mɛi ahiɛ.

Hekawoo lɛ tee nɔ nyɔji 14, kɛyashi aye maŋ lɛ nɔ kunim yɛ naagbee mli yɛ June afi 1535. Akpata Münster hiɛ, yɛ gbɛ nɔ ni maŋtiase lɛ kɛ eko ekpeee aahu kɛyashi Jeŋ Ta II lɛ nɔ. Rothmann jo foi, shi amɔmɔ Maŋtsɛ Jan kɛ Anabaptistbii ahiɛnyiɛlɔi krokomɛi enyɔ ni afee amɛ niseniianii, ni agbe amɛ. Akɛ amɛgbohii lɛ wo dade tsui bibii amli ni akɛ tsotsoro St. Lambert Sɔlemɔtsu mɔɔ lɛ he. Seifert tsɔɔ mli akɛ, “akɛfee kɔkɔbɔɔ ni yɔɔ gbeyei aha mɛi fɛɛ ni baanyɛ amɛkɛ naagba aba lɛ.” Hɛɛ, he ni akɛwo maŋkwramɔŋ saji amli lɛ kɛ naagbai ni mli wawai ba.

Mɛni ba Anabaptistbii akui krokomɛi lɛ anɔ? Atee nɔ awa amɛyi afii babaoo yɛ Europa fɛɛ. Anabaptistbii ateŋ mɛi babaoo kpɛtɛ amɛshishitoo mla akɛ amɛkɛ amɛhe wooo asraafoi anitsumɔ mli lɛ he, eyɛ mli akɛ amɛteŋ mɛi fioo kɛ amɛhe wo tawuu mli. Beni be shwie mli lɛ, Menno Simons ni ji tsutsu osɔfo lɛ, batsɔ Anabaptistbii lɛ ahiɛnyiɛlɔ, ni yɛ naagbee lɛ abale kuu lɛ akɛ Mennonitbii loo kɛ gbɛi krokomɛi.

Dade Tsui Bibii Etɛ Lɛ

Anabaptistbii lɛ ji gbɔmɛi ni sumɔɔ jamɔ waa ni bɔ mɔdɛŋ koni amɛkpɛtɛ Biblia shishitoo mlai ahe. Shi shɛiifeelɔi ni yɔɔ Münster lɛ ha Anabaptistbii lɛ ŋmɛɛ nakai oti lɛ he ni amɛkɛ amɛhe wo maŋkwramɔŋ saji amli. Beni kuu lɛ kpoo Biblia shishitoo mlai lɛ, amɛbatsɔmɔ maŋ hiɛ atuatselɔi. Enɛ kɛ Anabaptistbii akuu lɛ kɛ Münster maŋ ni hi shi yɛ teŋgbɛ afii lɛ amli lɛ ahiɛkpatamɔ ba.

Akã he akaiɔ saralɔi ni yasaraa maŋtiase lɛ yɛ nifeemɔi ni yɔɔ gbeyei nɛɛ ni tee nɔ aaafee afii 500 ni eho nɛ lɛ ahe. Yɛ mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ? Kɛtsɔ dade tsui bibii etɛ ni tsotsoro sɔlemɔtsu mɔɔ lɛ he lɛ nɔ.

[Shishigbɛ niŋmaa]

[Mfonirii ni yɔɔ baafa 13]

Afee Maŋtsɛ Jan niseniianii, agbe lɛ, ni akɛ lɛ tsotsoro St. Lambert Sɔlemɔtsu mɔɔ lɛ he