Ani Melito ní Jɛ Sarde lɛ Fã Biblia Mli Anɔkwalei lɛ Ahe?

DAA afi lɛ, anɔkwa Kristofoi yeɔ Nuŋtsɔ lɛ Gbɛkɛnaashi Niyenii lɛ yɛ gbi ni kɛ Nisan 14 yɛ Hebribii akalanda lɛ nɔ lɛ kpãa gbee lɛ nɔ. Amɛfeɔ nakai yɛ famɔ ni Yesu kɛha akɛ: “Nyɛfea enɛ ni nyɛŋɔkai mi” lɛ hewɔ. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, nakai gbi lɛ nɔ yɛ afi 33 Ŋ.B., beni Yesu eye Hehoo gbijurɔ lɛ sɛɛ ni eto efɔleshãa gbele lɛ Kaimɔ he gbijurɔ lɛ shishi. Nakai gbi lɛ nɔ nɔŋŋ agbe lɛ.—Luka 22:19, 20; 1 Korintobii 11:23-28.

Yɛ afi 100 Ŋ.B. afii lɛ amli lɛ, mɛi komɛi bɔi be ni akɛyeɔ gbijurɔ lɛ kɛ bɔ ni ayeɔ lɛ ahaa lɛ tsakemɔ. Shi mɛi ni yɔɔ Asia Bibioo lɛ tee nɔ amɛye gbijurɔ lɛ yɛ gbi ni agbe Yesu lɛ nɔ. Shi taakɛ wolo ko ni akɛpɛiɔ saji amli lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, no mli lɛ, “nɔ ni mɛi ni hi shi yɛ Roma kɛ Aleksandria feɔ ji, amɛyeɔ eshitee yɛ Hɔgbaa lɛ moŋ he gbijurɔ,” ni gbɛi ni amɛwo gbijurɔyeli lɛ ji Shitee Hehoo. Kuu ko ni ale amɛ akɛ Quartodecimans (Nyɔŋma kɛ Ejwɛ Bii) kɛ amɛnane ma shi akɛ gbi ni esa akɛ aye Yesu Kristo gbele lɛ he gbijurɔ ji Nisan 14 lɛ nɔ. Melito ni jɛ Sarde lɛ kɛ amɛhiɛ jwɛŋmɔ kome. Shi namɔ ji Melito? Ni mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ etsɔ efã Biblia mli anɔkwale nɛɛ kɛ ekrokomɛi ahe?

Eji ‘Gbɔmɔ Wulu’

Taakɛ Eusebius ni jɛ Kaisarea lɛ tsɔɔ yɛ ewolo ni ji Ecclesiastical History lɛ mli lɛ, yɛ afi 100 afii lɛ anaagbee gbɛ lɛ, Polycrates ni jɛ Efeso lɛ ŋma wolo kɛtee Roma akɛ esa akɛ aye gbijurɔ lɛ yɛ “gbi ni Sanekpakpa lɛ tsɔɔ ní ayeɔ Hehoo lɛ nɔ, ni ji gbi nyɔŋma kɛ ejwɛ lɛ nɔ, ni esaaa akɛ atsakeɔ be nɛɛ, shi moŋ esa akɛ anyiɛ yɛ hemɔkɛyeli lɛ naa.” Nakai wolo lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ Melito ni ji Osɔfonukpa ni yɔɔ Sarde yɛ Lydia lɛ fata mɛi ni kɛɛ Nisan 14 lɛ nɔ esa akɛ aye gbijurɔ lɛ ahe. Wolo lɛ ha ale akɛ mɛi ni kɛ Melito je nɔ lɛ bu lɛ akɛ efata ‘gbɔmɛi wuji ní gbele ebaŋɔ amɛ kɛtee lɛ ahe.’ Polycrates tsɔɔ akɛ Melito boteee gbalashihilɛ mli, ni ákɛ eha “Mumɔ Krɔŋkrɔŋ lɛ kudɔ enifeemɔi fɛɛ, ni ákɛ eyɛ Sarde eemɛ be ni Nyɔŋmɔ baaba koni ebatée lɛ shi kɛjɛ gbohiiajeŋ.” Enɛ tsɔɔ akɛ ekolɛ Melito fata mɛi ni héɔ amɛyeɔ akɛ ja Kristo eku esɛɛ eba dani abaatée gbohii lɛ ashi lɛ ahe.—Kpojiemɔ 20:1-6.

 Etamɔ nɔ ni Melito ji mɔ ko ni yɔɔ ekãa, ni feɔ shiŋŋ hu. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, eŋma wolo ni ji Apology ni ekɛfã Kristofoi lɛ ahe, ni mɔ ni eŋma emli klɛŋklɛŋ nɔ̃ kwraa lɛ eha ji Roma Maŋtsɛ Marcus Aurelius, ní ye nɔ kɛjɛ afi 161 Ŋ.B. kɛyashi afi 180 Ŋ.B. lɛ. Melito sheee gbeyei akɛ eeefã Kristojamɔ he, loo eeekã yitseiaŋwalɔi kɛ hiɛjoolɔi ahiɛ yɛ maŋ. Nɔ ni gbɔmɛi ni tamɔ nɛkɛ ni ekã amɛhiɛ lɛ feɔ ji akɛ, amɛbɔɔ mɔdɛŋ amɛyaheɔ gbɛŋmɛɛ woji srɔtoi kɛjɛɔ maŋtsɛmɛi aŋɔɔ koni amɛwa Kristofoi ayi ni amɛwo amɛ tsuŋ yɛ gbɛ ni ejaaa nɔ bɔni afee ni amɛná hegbɛ amɛju gboshinii ni amɛyɔɔ lɛ.

Melito fee ekãa ni eŋma maŋtsɛ lɛ akɛ: “Wɔkɛ nibimɔ koome nɛɛ miifɔ̃ ohiɛ, ákɛ bo diɛŋtsɛ otao mɛi ni hɔ efɔŋ ni afeɔ [Kristofoi] nɛɛ asɛɛ, koni okojo yɛ jalɛ naa, kɛji mɛi nɛɛ sa gbele kɛ toigbalamɔ loo heyeli kɛ hebuu. Shi kɛji famɔ kɛ akpɔ hee nɛɛ, ní esaaa ákɛ akɛ henyɛlɔi ni yitseiaŋ wala po yeɔ yɛ gbɛ ni tamɔ nakai nɔ lɛ jɛɛɛ oŋɔɔ lɛ, no lɛ wɔmiikpa bo fai babaoo ni okaku ohiɛ oshwie tutuamɔ ni mɛi batutuaa wɔ yɛ gbɛ ni ejaaa nɔ kɛjuɔ wɔnibii lɛ nɔ.”

Ekɛ Ŋmalɛi lɛ Tsu Nii Kɛfã Kristojamɔ He

Melito ná Ŋmalɛi Krɔŋkrɔŋ lɛ kasemɔ he miishɛɛ waa. Eyɛ mli akɛ wɔleee woji ni eŋmala lɛ fɛɛ moŋ, shi ekomɛi ni wɔle lɛ agbɛi haa anaa bɔ ni eyɔɔ Biblia mli saji ahe miishɛɛ ha. Ewoji lɛ ekomɛi agbɛi ji On Christian Life and the Prophets, On the Faith of Man, On Creation, On Baptism and Truth and Faith and Christ’s Birth, On Hospitality, The Key, kɛ On the Devil and the Apocalypse of John.

Melito diɛŋtsɛ fã gbɛ kɛtee shikpɔji ni Biblia lɛ wieɔ he lɛ anɔ ni eyatao woji abɔ ni yɔɔ Hebri Ŋmalɛi lɛ amli. Beni ewieɔ enɛ he lɛ, aŋma akɛ: “No hewɔ lɛ, beni mitee maji ni yɔɔ Bokagbɛ he ní ashiɛ saji nɛɛ yɛ, ní afee nibii nɛɛ yɛ lɛ, mikase woji ni yɔɔ Kpaŋmɔ Momo lɛ mli lɛ  pɛpɛɛpɛ, ni mina akɛ amɛja, no hewɔ lɛ, mikɛ amɛgbɛi miimaje nyɛ.” Eyɛ mli akɛ Nehemia kɛ Ester woji lɛ ejeee kpo yɛ woji ni etsĩ amɛtã akɛ amɛfata Biblia woji lɛ ahe lɛ mli moŋ, shi no ji woji ni mɛi ni tsɛ́ɔ amɛhe Kristofoi eŋmala ni wieɔ Biblia woji ni feɔ Hebri Ŋmalɛi lɛ ateŋ nɔ ni etsɛ fe fɛɛ.

Beni Melito pɛiɔ Hebri Ŋmalɛi lɛ amli lɛ, eŋmala ŋmalɛi kukuji babaoo ni ji gbalɛi ní kɔɔ Yesu he eshwie shi. Melito wolo ní gbɛi ji Extracts lɛ ha ale akɛ Yesu ji Mesia ni akpa lɛ gbɛ aahu lɛ, ni ákɛ Mose Mla lɛ kɛ Gbalɔi lɛ fɛɛ gbalaa jwɛŋmɔ kɛyaa Kristo nɔ.

Efã Kpɔmɔnɔ lɛ He ákɛ Ehe Yɛ Sɛɛnamɔ

Yudafoi anifeemɔi hé shi waa yɛ maji wuji ni yɔɔ Asia Bibioo lɛ amli. Yudafoi ni hi shi yɛ Sarde, he ni Melito hi lɛ ye Hebribii a-Hehoo gbijurɔ lɛ yɛ Nisan 14 lɛ nɔ. Melito ŋma maŋshiɛmɔ ko ni yitso ji The Passover (Hehoo Lɛ) ni ekɛtsɔɔ akɛ Mla lɛ ŋmɛɔ gbɛ ni aye Hehoo lɛ, ni ekɛfã Nuŋtsɔ lɛ Gbɛkɛnaashi Niyenii ni Kristofoi yeɔ yɛ Nisan 14 lɛ hu he ákɛ eja.

Beni Melito ewie 2 Mose yitso 12 lɛ he fioo ní etsɔɔ akɛ Hehoo lɛ feɔ Kristo afɔleshãa lɛ he mfoniri sɛɛ lɛ, egbála nɔ hewɔ ni nilee bɛ mli akɛ Kristofoi aaaye Hehoo lɛ mli. Etsɔɔ mli akɛ, nɔ hewɔ lɛ ji akɛ, Nyɔŋmɔ egu Mose Mla lɛ loo ejie kɛtee. No sɛɛ lɛ, etsɔɔ nɔ hewɔ ni Kristo afɔleshãa lɛ he hiaa lɛ mli akɛ: Nyɔŋmɔ fee paradeiso eha Adam bɔni afee ni emii ashɛ ehe yɛ shihilɛ mli. Shi nuu ni abɔ klɛŋklɛŋ lɛ booo famɔ ákɛ ekɛye ekpakpa kɛ efɔŋ lee tso lɛ yibii lɛ eko lɛ toi. Ni bɔni fee ni ehe bahia ni aná kpɔmɔnɔ lɛ nɛ.

Melito tee nɔ etsɔɔ mli akɛ, atsu Yesu kɛba shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ, ni egbo yɛ sɛŋmɔtso nɔ bɔni afee ni ekpɔ̃ adesai ni yɔɔ hemɔkɛyeli lɛ kɛjɛ esha kɛ gbele mli. Naakpɛɛ sane ji akɛ, beni Melito wieɔ tso ni asɛŋ Yesu yɛ nɔ lɛ he lɛ, ekɛ Hela wiemɔ ni ji xylon, ní shishi ji “tso” tsu nii.—Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 5:30; 10:39; 13:29.

Jeee maji ni yɔɔ Asia Bibioo lɛ amli kɛkɛ ale Melito. Mɛi tamɔ Tertullian, Clement ni jɛ Aleksandria, kɛ Origen le woji ni eŋmala lɛ jogbaŋŋ. Kɛlɛ, yinɔsaneŋmalɔ Raniero Cantalamessa tsɔɔ mli akɛ: “Beni akpɛlɛ Shitee Hehoo ní ayeɔ lɛ Hɔgbaa lɛ nɔ lɛ, abu mɛi ni yɔɔ Nyɔŋma kɛ Ejwɛ Bii akuu lɛ mli lɛ ákɛ amɛji jamɔŋ atuatselɔi, ni biɛ jɛ ni Melito he guɔ bɔi gbomɔ, kɛkɛ ni fiofio lɛ, ewoji lɛ je shihilɛ mli.” Naagbee lɛ, ewoji lɛ je shihilɛ mli kwraa.

Ani Ebatsɔ Hemɔkɛyeli Kwalɔ?

Yɛ bɔfoi lɛ agbele sɛɛ lɛ, hemɔkɛyeli kwamɔ ní atsɔ hiɛ agba he sane afɔ̃ shi lɛ bote anɔkwa Kristojamɔ mli. (Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 20:29, 30) Ekã shi faŋŋ akɛ, enɛ sa Melito he. Bɔ ni woji ni ebɔi ŋmalamɔ lɛ amli saji yɔɔ ha lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ Helabii ajeŋnilee kɛ Romabii anifeemɔi ná enɔ hewalɛ yɛ gbɛ fɔŋ nɔ. Ekolɛ, no hewɔ ni Melito tsɛ́ Kristojamɔ akɛ “wɔ-jeŋnilee lɛ.” Kɛfata he lɛ, ekɛɛ nakai Kristojamɔ ni akɛfutu Roma Maŋtsɛyeli lɛ ji “omanyeyeli he odase . . . ni fe fɛɛ.”

Ekã shi faŋŋ akɛ, Melito kɛ ŋaa ni bɔfo Paulo wo akɛ: “Nyɛkwɛa nyɛhe ni ahia, koni mɔ ko kɛ jeŋ nilee kɛ yaka shishiumɔ akaŋɔ nyɛ nom, yɛ gbɔmɛi ablema saji kɛ je nɛŋ shishijee nibii ni jeee Kristo lɛ anaa” lɛ tsuuu nii. No hewɔ lɛ, eyɛ mli akɛ Melito fã Biblia mli anɔkwalei lɛ ahe kɛyashi he ko moŋ, shi anɔkwalei nɛɛ amli babaoo ji nɔ ni ekwa.—Kolosebii 2:8.

[Mfoniri ni yɔɔ baafa 18]

Yesu to Nuŋtsɔ lɛ Gbɛkɛnaashi Niyenii lɛ shishi yɛ Nisan 14 lɛ nɔ