A3
Byalengela Kuba’mba Twikale na Baibolo
Mwine mwina Baibolo ye umona ne kuba’mba kechi yazhiya ne. Ye walengejile kuba’mba bino byambo binembwe:
“Byambo byamba Lesa wetu bikala myaka ne myaka.”—Isaya 40:8.
Bino byambo bya kine, nangwa kya kuba kafwako byambo bya mu Baibolo bitanshi bya Kihebelu ne Kialamaiki * nangwa Binembelo bya Kingiliki bya Bwina Kilishitu bijiko lelo jino ne. Pano twakonsha kuyuka byepi amba biji mu Baibolo ye tuji nanji lelo jino byo byajinga ne mu binembelo bitanshi byanembelwe na lutangijilo lwa mupashi?
BAKOPOLWELENGA BALENGELA MAMBO A LESA KUBULA KUZHIYA
Pa kwamba pa Binembelo bya Kihebelu, kwajinga bisho bya kala mwajinga byambo byafumine kwi Lesa, yenka waambile’mba binembelo bafwainwa kwibikopolola. * Yehoba wakambizhe bamfumu ba mu Isalela amba bafwainwa kukopolola buku wa Mizhilo. (Mpitulukilo ya mu Mizhilo 17:18) Kunungapo, Lesa wakambizhe bena Levi kulama Mizhilo ne kwiifunjisha bantu. (Mpitulukilo ya mu Mizhilo 31:26; Nehemiya 8:7) Bayudea byo bafumine ku Babilona, kwaikele jibumba ja bakopolola nangwa’mba banembeshi (Basofelimu). (Ezela 7:6, tubyambo twa munshi) Pa kupitapo kimye, bano banembeshi bakopolwele mabuku 39 avula a Binembelo bya Kihebelu.
Pa myaka yavula, banembi bateleko bingi muchima kukopolola ano mabuku. Kutendeka mu 500 A.D. kufika mu 1500 A.D, jibumba ja banembeshi Bayudea jatelwanga’mba Bamazoleta jatwajijile na uno mwingilo. Manyusikilipiti wa kala wa Mazoleta ke yewa wa Leningrad Codex, yajingako kufuma mu 1008/1009 C.E. Nangwa byonkabyo, pakachi ka myaka kitota kya bu 20, mamanyusikilipiti 220 a Baibolo nangwa bipimvwa bebitulukile mu Mivungilo ya mu Kalunga Kafwa. Ano mamanyusikilipiti a Baibolo aikele myaka yavula kukila Leningrad Codex. Byo baesakenye Mivungilo ya mu Kalunga Kafwa ku Leningrad Codex bataaine kishinka kyanema kya kuba’mba: Nangwa kya kuba Mivungilo ya mu Kalunga Kafwa muji byambo byapusana pusana, kechi byalengela byambo kubula kumvwanyika ne.
Pano kiji byepi na mabuku 27 a Binembelo bya Kingiliki bya Bwina Kilishitu? Ano mabuku anembelwe na batumwa bamo ba kwa Yesu Kilishitu ne baana ba bwanga batanshi bacheche. Kulondela byaubanga banembeshi Bayudea, bena Kilishitu batanshi bakopolwele ano mabuku. (Kolose 4:16) Nangwa kya kuba Mfumu wa bena Loma aye Deokilesha ne bakwabo baesekele konauna mabuku anembele bena Kilishitu batanshi, bipimvwa byavula bya kala ne mamanyusikilipiti bakankelwe kabiji ko biji ne lelo jino.
Mabuku a bwina Kilishitu beatuntulwile ne mu milaka ikwabo. Mabuku atanshi a mu Baibolo atuntulwilwe ne mu milaka ya kala nabiji, Kialamenya, Kikopitiki, Kietiopya, Kiajoja, Kilatini, ne Kiasilya.
KUNENGEZHA BINEMBELO BYA KIHEBELU NE BYA KINGILIKI PA KWIBITUNTULULA
Mamanyusikilipiti onse a kala a Baibolo kechi aji na byambo bipasha ne. Pano twakonsha kuyuka byepi byambo byajinga mu binembelo bitanshi?
Twakonsha kwesakanya kino ku mufunjishi waambila baana ba sukulu 100 kukopolola kitango kya buku. Umvwe kitango kine mo babena kukopolola kyaeleka, twakonsha kuyuka byajingamo pa kwesakanya byambo byakopolola baana ba sukulu 100. Nangwa kya kuba bonse baana ba sukulu bakonsha kulubankanyako bimo, kechi bonse bakonsha kunemba bintu bimo byalubankana ne. Kyo kimotu, ne banembi nabo inge baesakanya bipimvwa bya kala ne byo bakopolwele bya mabuku a mu Baibolo a kala o baji nao, bakonsha kuyuka palubankenye bakopolwelenga ne kuyuka bine byambo byajingamo.
“Twakonsha kwamba’mba kafwako buku mukwabo wa kala watuntululwa bulongo nobe uno ne”
Twakonsha kushiinwa byepi kuba’mba milanguluko ya mu binembelo bine bitanshi bya mu Baibolo byatuntululwa bulongo? Byo aambilenga pa byambo bya mu Binembelo bya Kihebelu, shayuka aye William H. Green waambile’mba: “Twakonsha kwamba’mba kafwako buku mukwabo wa kala watuntululwa bulongo nobe uno ne.” Shayuka wa Baibolo aye F. F. Bruce waambile pa Binembelo bya Bwina Kilishitu nangwa’mba Lulayañano Lupya amba: “Bishiino bya binembelo bya Lulayañano lwetu Lupya byavula bingi kukila bishiino bya banembi bakwabo, kabiji bukine bwabyo kafwako wakonsha kwibuzhinauka ne.” Kabiji waambile’mba: “Inge Lulayañano Lupya lwaimenejile pa mabuku anemba bantu, bukine bwalo inge beluzhinaukile.”
Kitango 40 kya buku wa Isaya kiji mu Mivungilo ya mu Kalunga Kafwa (wa mu 125 kufika mu 100 B.C.E.)
Byo baesakenye na mamanyusikilipiti a Kihebelu anembelwe pa kupitapo myaka kiumbi, bataainetu lupusano lucheche, kikatakata lupusano lwavujilemo ke nembelo ya bisopelo
Kitango 40 kya buku wa Isaya mu Aleppo Codex, manyusikilipiti wanema wa Kihebelu wa Mazoleta wa mu mwaka wa 930 C.E.
Binembelo bya Kihebelu: Baibolo wa Kizungu wa Binembelo bya Ntanda Ipya bya Kihebelu (1953-1960) watuntulwilwe kufuma ku Biblia Hebraica, wanembelwe ne Rudolf Kittel. Kufumatu kyokya kimye, buku wa binembelo bya Kihebelu ye bapitulukamo utelwa’mba, Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia ne Biblia Hebraica Quinta, muji byambo byo bakebakeba bya katataka byafumine mu Mivungilo yataainwe kwipi na Kalunga Kafwa ne mabuku akwabo a kala. Ano mabuku a bashayuka alengejile kunembulula jibiji binembelo biji mu Leningrad Codex ne tubyambo twa munshi muji byambo byaesakana byafuma mu mabuku akwabo, nabiji Baibolo wa Pentatuke wa bena Samaliya, Mivungilo ya mu Kalunga Kafwa, Baibolo wa Septuagint wa Kingiliki, Ma Baibolo a Kialamaiki a Targums, Baibolo wa Latin Vulgate, ne Baibolo wa Peshita wa Kisilya. Ma Baibolo onse abiji a Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia ne Biblia Hebraica Quinta bakebelemo bimo pa kunengezha uno Baibolo wa Binembelo bya Ntanda Ipya.
Binembelo bya Kingiliki: Mu myaka ya kupelako ya myaka kitota kya bu 19, munembeshi B. F. Westcott ne F.J.A. Hort baesakenye byambo ne bipimvwa byajinga mu binembelo bitanshi byo bamwenenga’mba byajinga mu byo banembele patanshi. Mu myaka kitota kya bu 20, Kavoto ka Bantuntuluzhi ba Baibolo wa Ntanda Ipya kalondejile byonka bino binembelo bitanshi pa kutuntulula. Mivungilo yalengwa na mambanga yo balangulukilenga’mba yajinga ya mu myaka kitota kya bubiji ne kya busatu nayo beingijishe. Kufumatu kyokya kimye, bataana mambanga avula. Kunungapo, byambo bitanshi nabiji byanembele Nestle ne Aland ne ba United Bible Societies bimwesha byo bakebakeba bashayuka ba mu ano moba. Bintu bimo byo bataaine biji mu uno Baibolo.
Kwingijisha bino byambo bitanshi, kyataainwe’mba byepelo biji mu binembelo bya Kingiliki bya Bwina Kilishitu biji mu ma Baibolo a kala nabiji Buku wa Lesa, bakopolwelenga banungilekotu byabo, kabiji kechi byajinga lubaji lwa Binembelo byanembelwe na lutangijilo lwa mupashi ne. Na mambo a kuba’mba baswishishe kwabanya byepelo pa kutuntulula Baibolo mu myaka kitota kya bu 16, kufumyamo bino byepelo kwalengela byepelo bimo kubula kwikalamo mu ma Baibolo avula. Bino byepelo ke Mateo 17:21; 18:11; 23:14; Mako 7:16; 9:44, 46; 11:26; 15:28; Luka 17:36; 23:17; Yoano 5:4; Byubilo 8:37; 15:34; 24:7; 28:29; ne Loma 16:24. Mu uno Baibolo, bino byepelo byo bashilepo babikapo tubyambo twa munshi ponka pabula byambo pa kyokyo kyepelo.
Kwesakana na byambo byavula byapelako biji mu Mako 16 (byepelo 9-20), byambo bicheche byapelako biji pa Mako 16, ne byambo bitanwa pa Yoano 7:53–8:11, bimwesha kuba’mba bino byepelo byonse kechi byajingamo mu mamanyusikilipiti atanshi ne. Onkao mambo, binembelo bimweka nobe bya kine saka biji bya bubela kechi biji mu uno Baibolo ne. *
Byambo bimo byapimpulwa kwesakana na byaamba bashayuka amba byo bya kine byajinga mu binembelo bitanshi. Kwesakana na mamanyusikilipiti amo, pa Mateo 7:13 paji byambo bya kuba’mba: “Twelai pa kibelo kyakepa, mambo kibelo kyabaya ne jishinda jabaya bitwala ku lonaiko.” Mu Baibolo wa Binembelo bya Ntanda Ipya bya Kingiliki bya Bwina Kilishitu, kyambo kya kuba’mba “kibelo” kechi kyajingamo ne. Nangwa byonkabyo, pa kukebakeba mu mamanyusikilipiti bataaine’mba byambo bya kuba’mba “kibelo” byajingamo mu binembelo bitanshi. Onkao mambo, bebibikamo mu uno Baibolo. Muji ne lupimpu lukwabo lwa uno mutundu. Pano bino, byapimpulwa bichechetu, kabiji kechi byalengela Mambo a Lesa kwaluka ne.
Manyusikilipiti ya mambanga a 2 Kolinda 4:13–5:4 kufuma nobe mu mwaka wa 200 C.E.
^ par. 5 Kufuma pa kikye kimye, byonse byatendekele kutelwa’mba Binembelo bya Kihebelu.
^ par. 7 Kintu kimo kyalengejile kukopolola byambo bine bitanshi byajinga pa mamanyusikilipiti ke kya kuba’mba bebinembele pa bintu byonaika bukiji.
^ par. 18 Bishinka bikwabo pa ene mambo bino byepelo o bimwekela nobe bya kine saka biji bya bubela mwakonsha kwibitaana mu tubyambo twa munshi tuji mu Baibolo wa Kizungu wa New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References, wanembelwe mu 1984.
